NR 507 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM, NR507 MIDTERM/ NR 507 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED)

1. The only way for a hormone to work is through the blood stream Correct Answer False. The endocrine cell can also secrete hormones that target cells directly close it. When this occurs, this type of secretion is known as paracrine signaling. 2. Lipid-derived hormones cross the cell membrane and bind to receptors in the cell's cytoplasm Correct Answer True. This statement is true. Lipid-derived hormones cross the cell membrane and bind to receptors in the cell's cytoplasm. 3. The anterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones Correct Answer True. This statement is true. The anterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones 4. To be considered a lipid hormone, it must be bound to a protein and it must bind to receptors inside the cell membrane Correct Answer False. It must be bound to a protein and it bind to receptors on the cell membrane rather than inside the cell membrane. 5. The pineal gland is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle Correct Answer True. 6. The posterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones Correct Answer False. The posterior pituitary receives its hormones (oxytocin and ADH) from the hypothalamus. The anterior pituitary produces its own hormones. 7. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys Correct Answer This statement is true. 8. Hyperthyroidism Correct Answer Elevated Thyroid Hormone Suppressed TSH Enlarged liver Hand tremors 9. Hypothyroidism Correct Answer Decreased thyroid hormone and Elevated TSH Fatigue Diminished deep tendon reflexes 10. Type 1 DM Correct Answer Onset 1<10-20 years Associated with diabetic ketoacidosis Symptoms: polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia Autoimmune:Genetic and environmental factors, resulting in gradual process of autoimmune destruction in genetically susceptible individuals Nonautoimmune:Unknown Strong association with HLA-DQA and HLA-DQB genes acute complications: Diabetic ketoacidosis 11. Type 2 DM Correct Answer Usually > 40 years of age Associated with hyperosmolar nonketotic coma Symptoms: weakness, weight loss, infections Results from genetic susceptibility (polygenic) combined with environmental determinants and other risk factors Inherited defects in beta-cell mass and function combined with peripheral tissue insulin resistance Associated with long-duration obesity strong genetic association Acute complications: Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma 12. alpha cells Correct Answer responsible for secreting glucagon 13. beta cells Correct Answer responsible for secreting insulin and amylin inhibits glucagon secretion 14. delta cells Correct Answer responsible for secreting gastrin and somatostatin 15.