Test Bank for Mechanical Ventilation, 7th Edition Cairo Chapter 1 - 23 Updated Guide 2022

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Chapter8j1;8jBasic8jTerms8jand8jConcepts8jof8jMechanical8jVentilatio
n8jTest8jBank

MULTIPLE8 j CHOICE

1. The8 j body’s8 j mechanism8 j for8 j conducting8 j air8 j in8 j and8 j out8 j of8 j the8 j l
ungsi8js8jknown8jas8jwhich8jof8jthe8jfollowing?
a. External8 j respiration
b. Internal8 j respiration
c. Spontaneous8 j ventilation
d. Mechanical8 j ventilation


ANS:8jC
The8jconduction8j of8jair8jin8jand8jout8jof8jthe8jbody8j is8jknown8jas8jventilation
.8jSince8jthe8jquestion8jasks8jfor8jthe8jbody’s8jmechanism,8jthis8jwould8jbe8
j spontaneous8 j ventilation.8 j External8 j respiration8 j involves 8 j the8 j exch

ang8je8jof8joxygen8j(O2)8jand8 j carbon8 j dioxide8 j (CO2)8jbetween8jthe8jalve
oli8jand8jthe8 j pulmonary8 j capillaries.8 j Internal8 j respiration8 j occurs8 j at
8 j the8 j cellul8jar8jlevel8jand8jinvolves8jmovement8jofoxygen8jfrom8jthe8jsys

temic8jblood8ji8 j nto8jthe8jcells.

DIF: 1 REF:8 j pg.8j3

2. Which8 j of8j the8 j following8 j are8 j involved8 j in8j external8 j respiration?
a. Red8jblood8jcells8jand8jbody8jcells
b. Scalenes8jand8jtrapezius8jmuscl
es
c. Alveoli8jand8jpulmonary8jcapillari
es
d. External8joblique8jand8jtransver
se8jabdominal8jmuscles


ANS:8jC
External8jrespiration8jinvolves8jthe8jexchange8jof8joxygen8jand8jcarbond8ji
oxide8j(CO2)8jbetween8jthe8jalveoli8jand8jthe8jpulmonary8jcapillaries.8jInt8
jernal8 j respiration8 j occurs8jat8 j the8 j cellular8 j level8 j and8 j involves8 j move

men8jt8jof8joxygen8jfrom8jthe8jsystemic8jblood8jinto8jthe8jcells.
Scalene8 j and8 j trapezius8 j muscles8 j are8 j accessory8 j muscles8 j of8 j inspiratio
n.8 j External8 j oblique8 j and8 j transverse8 j abdominal8 j musclesare8jacce
sso8jry8jmuscles8jof8jexpiration.

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DIF: 1 REF:8 j pg.8j3

3. The8jgraph8jthat8jshows8jintrapleural8jpressure8jchanges8jdurin
g8jnormal8jspontaneous8jbreathing8jis8jdepicted8jby8jwhich8jof8jt
he8 j f8jollowing?
a.
b.
c.
d.


ANS:8jB
During8 j spontaneous8 j breathing8 j the8 j intrapleural8 j pressure8 j drops8j
fr8jom8jabout8j-58jcm8 j H2O8jat8jend-expiration8jto8jabout8j-
108jcm8j H2O8j atend-
inspiration.8jThe8jgraph8jdepicted8jfor8janswer8jB8jshows8jthat8jchange8 j f
rom8j-58jcm8jH2O8jto8j-108jcm8jH2O.

DIF: 1 REF:8 j pg.8j4

4. During8 j spontaneous8 j inspiration8 j alveolar8 j pressure8 j (PA)8 j is8 j about:
.
a. -8j18jcm8jH2O
b. +8j18jcm8jH2O
c. 08jcm8jH2O
d. 58jcm8jH2O


ANS:8jA
-
18jcm8jH2O8jis8jthe8jlowest8jalveolar8jpressure8jwill8jbecome8jduring8jn
or8jmal8jspontaneous8jventilation.8jDuring8jthe8jexhalation8jof8ja8jno
rmal8jspontaneous8jbreath8jthe8jalveolar8jpressure8jwill8jbecome8j+1c
m8 j H2O.

DIF: 1 REF:8 j pg.8j3

5. The8jpressure8jrequired8jto8jmaintain8jalveolar8jinflation8jis8jknown8jas
8 j which8jof8jthe8jfollowing?

a. Transairway8 j pressure8 j (PTA8 j )
b. Transthoracic8 j pressure8 j (PTT)
c. Transrespiratory8 j pressure8 j (PTR)

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d. Transpulmonary8 j pressure8 j (PL)


ANS:8j D
The8jdefinition8jof8jtranspulmonary8jpressure8j(PL)8jis8jthe8jpressure8jrequi
8 j red8jto8jmaintain8jalveolar8jinflation.8jTransairway8jpressure8j(PTA8 j )is8jt

he8jpressure8jgradient8jrequired8jto8jproduce8jairflow8jin8jthe8jconducting8j
tub8jes.8jTransrespiratory8 j pressure8j(PTR)8jis8jthe8jpressure8jto8jinflate8jth
e8jlun8 j gs8jand8jairways8jduring8jpositive8jpressure8jventilation.8jTransthor
acic8jp8 j ressure8 j (PTT)8 j represents8 j the8 j pressure8 j required8 j to8 j expand
8 j or8 j contrac8jt8jthe8jlungs8jand8jthe8jchest8jwall8jat8jthesame8jtime.




DIF: 1 REF:8 j pg.8j3

6. Calculate8jthe8jpressure8jneeded8jto8jovercome8jairway8jresistance8j
d8juring8jpositive8jpressure8jventilation8jwhen8jthe8jproximal8jairway8j
pre8jssure8j(PAw)8jis8j358jcm8jH2O8jand8jthe8jalveolar8jpressure8j(PA)8jis8j58jc
mH2O.
a. 78jcm8jH2O
b. 308jcm8jH2O
c. 408jcm8jH2O
d. 1758jcm8jH2O


ANS:8jB
The8jtransairway8jpressure8j(PTA8j)8jis8jused8jto8jcalculate8jthe8jpressurer
e8 j quired8jto8jovercome8jairway8jresistance8jduring8jmechanical8jventil
ati8jon.8jThis8jformula8jis8jPTA8 j =8jPaw8j-8jPA.

DIF: 2 REF:8 j pg.8j3

7. The8jterm8 j used8 j to8 j describe8jthe8 j tendency8 j of8ja8jstructure8 j to8 j return8j
toit8js8joriginal8jform8jafter8jbeing8jstretched8jor8jacted8jon8jby8jan8joutside8
jforce8 j is8jwhich8jof8jthe8jfollowing?

a. Elastance
b. Compliance
c. Viscous8jresistance
d. Distending8 j pressure