GRAND CANYON UNIVERSITY
PSY 357 | PSY357: LIFESPAN
EXAM 3: STUDY GUIDE
EXAM WILL COVER CHAPTERS 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 & 16
Chapter 11:
1. You will recall reading in the text book and listening in class, that having friendships is
important to most individuals but that these relationships usually differ from those of a
romantic loving nature. In general, friendships tend to be less emotional and usually
less sexual although these can and do occur.
Friendships are less emotional and sexual than romantic loving relationships.
2. There are different stages of friendship. Starting off as an acquaintance often leads to
the buildup of a friendship. This is then continued as a friendship until it begins to
deteriorate that often can occur when hanging out with a potential new friend.
First stage is as acquaintance, friendship is the second, and third is when the friendship
deteriorates.
A cause of deterioration could be when hanging out a potential new friend and not your
current friend.
3. In general, our young are more likely to have acquaintances and friends than in later life
due to commitments to work, family and extended family. Love commitment may be
more fleeting at this time as well.
The older you get the less likely you are to have acquaintances or friends. Youth are
more likely.
4. Review the statistics for worldwide percentage of women who report being physically
and sexually assaulted. See e-book page 405; hard book copy 363.
70% worldwide
5. Sadly, both males and females’ can be violent in either heterosexual or homosexual
relationships. However, mostly but not always, females tend to be less violent.
Between 10 and 70% of women report being sexually abused. Do you think that is likely
to be in the high numbers rather than the low 10% of reporting? [these statements
apply to two questions.
Females tend to be less violent regardless of gay or straight relationship
6. Chapter 11 discusses the various types of relationships, commitment and cohabiting
trends in society. Which of the following does the textbook suggest are more likely to
make a commitment and cohabit? Consider all the ramifications of present day society.
1
, This is not easy to find in the textbook; James and Jean-Luc are less likely as,
traditionally, gay males tend to not be as committed. Heterosexual couples often do not
stay together, and being bisexual means that one might be with either a straight or gay
person…What is left?
a. James and Jean-Luc, who are a gay male couple
b. Blake and Miranda, who are a heterosexual
couple
c. Stacy and Lacy, who are a bisexual couple
d. Ellen and Helen, who are a lesbian couple
7. Online relationships are blooming, and many prefer online friendships. However, often
one does not know the truth about the other person, does not always ensure that each
is compatible, but often enjoy being somewhat anonymous. However, it is more likely
that both can control the level of intimacy given that dialog is mostly online.
They can control the level of intimacy because you can simply just not go online and
avoid them.
Chapter 12
8. Mostly, as an Individualist culture, what is the most likely reason that an individual
works? Is it to be creative, make friends [possible but not necessarily in the workplace],
have control over others [again possible but not necessarily, or simply to earn a living?
Think here of what it means to be individualist!
To simply earn a living and survive.
9. Make sure you review Holland’s theory about personality and occupation. Oftentimes,
we do better if we have a good fit with personality in our work.
The job fits much better and works best when it fits one’s personality.
10. The corporate world in the Individualist society places certain values on employees.
What is NOT valued? We know that certain attributes are definitely encouraged;
competence, self-sufficiency, competition, etc., but what is not valued? Remember that
Western Society is predominantly individualist and not collectivist. What is the
difference between the two?
In the West individualist is valued. But when you are
11. Gender discrimination remains prolific by a number of employers. What does this
involve, usually? E-book page 400 under Gender Bias, Glass Ceilings and Glass Cliffs
section.
Denial of a job is the most common form of discrimination.
2
PSY 357 | PSY357: LIFESPAN
EXAM 3: STUDY GUIDE
EXAM WILL COVER CHAPTERS 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 & 16
Chapter 11:
1. You will recall reading in the text book and listening in class, that having friendships is
important to most individuals but that these relationships usually differ from those of a
romantic loving nature. In general, friendships tend to be less emotional and usually
less sexual although these can and do occur.
Friendships are less emotional and sexual than romantic loving relationships.
2. There are different stages of friendship. Starting off as an acquaintance often leads to
the buildup of a friendship. This is then continued as a friendship until it begins to
deteriorate that often can occur when hanging out with a potential new friend.
First stage is as acquaintance, friendship is the second, and third is when the friendship
deteriorates.
A cause of deterioration could be when hanging out a potential new friend and not your
current friend.
3. In general, our young are more likely to have acquaintances and friends than in later life
due to commitments to work, family and extended family. Love commitment may be
more fleeting at this time as well.
The older you get the less likely you are to have acquaintances or friends. Youth are
more likely.
4. Review the statistics for worldwide percentage of women who report being physically
and sexually assaulted. See e-book page 405; hard book copy 363.
70% worldwide
5. Sadly, both males and females’ can be violent in either heterosexual or homosexual
relationships. However, mostly but not always, females tend to be less violent.
Between 10 and 70% of women report being sexually abused. Do you think that is likely
to be in the high numbers rather than the low 10% of reporting? [these statements
apply to two questions.
Females tend to be less violent regardless of gay or straight relationship
6. Chapter 11 discusses the various types of relationships, commitment and cohabiting
trends in society. Which of the following does the textbook suggest are more likely to
make a commitment and cohabit? Consider all the ramifications of present day society.
1
, This is not easy to find in the textbook; James and Jean-Luc are less likely as,
traditionally, gay males tend to not be as committed. Heterosexual couples often do not
stay together, and being bisexual means that one might be with either a straight or gay
person…What is left?
a. James and Jean-Luc, who are a gay male couple
b. Blake and Miranda, who are a heterosexual
couple
c. Stacy and Lacy, who are a bisexual couple
d. Ellen and Helen, who are a lesbian couple
7. Online relationships are blooming, and many prefer online friendships. However, often
one does not know the truth about the other person, does not always ensure that each
is compatible, but often enjoy being somewhat anonymous. However, it is more likely
that both can control the level of intimacy given that dialog is mostly online.
They can control the level of intimacy because you can simply just not go online and
avoid them.
Chapter 12
8. Mostly, as an Individualist culture, what is the most likely reason that an individual
works? Is it to be creative, make friends [possible but not necessarily in the workplace],
have control over others [again possible but not necessarily, or simply to earn a living?
Think here of what it means to be individualist!
To simply earn a living and survive.
9. Make sure you review Holland’s theory about personality and occupation. Oftentimes,
we do better if we have a good fit with personality in our work.
The job fits much better and works best when it fits one’s personality.
10. The corporate world in the Individualist society places certain values on employees.
What is NOT valued? We know that certain attributes are definitely encouraged;
competence, self-sufficiency, competition, etc., but what is not valued? Remember that
Western Society is predominantly individualist and not collectivist. What is the
difference between the two?
In the West individualist is valued. But when you are
11. Gender discrimination remains prolific by a number of employers. What does this
involve, usually? E-book page 400 under Gender Bias, Glass Ceilings and Glass Cliffs
section.
Denial of a job is the most common form of discrimination.
2
