Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Scientific inquiry is based on 1)
A) information found in a gossip magazine.
B) cultural biases or traditions.
C) natural causes.
D) stories that are passed down through generations.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
2) Which of the following is an example of a natural cause? 2)
A) Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat.
B) If you sneeze, you will die.
C) Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain.
D) Mice arise from discarded garbage.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
3) Science cannot answer certain faith-based questions because 3)
A) scientists are not able to study human behavior.
B) faith-based beliefs are impossible to either prove or disprove.
C) there arenʹt enough variables.
D) faith requires deductive reasoning.
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
4) Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories? 4)
A) They are developed by inductive reasoning.
B) They can be either supported or modified by new observations.
C) They are used to support observations using deductive reasoning.
D) They have been thoroughly tested.
E) They are firmly established and cannot be refuted.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9
1
,5) Which of these would be an example of a NON-scientific study? 5)
A) NASA sends tadpoles up in the space shuttle to see how gravity affects their development.
B) A study determines differences in the species composition in two parks.
C) A company uses different advertising methods for a product to determine which one
produces the most sales.
D) Consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best-tasting spaghetti sauce.
E) People are immunized with different vaccines to determine their relative effectiveness
against the flu virus.
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
6) The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT 6)
A) experimentation.
B) conclusions.
C) an observation.
D) a hypothesis.
E) a testable theory.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
7) We use the scientific method every day. Imagine that your car doesnʹt start one morning before 7)
school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem?
A) Iʹm going to be late.
B) I should add a quart of oil.
C) If I put gas in my car, it will start.
D) I should check whether the lights were left on and drained the battery.
E) I should change the battery or the starter.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
8) A scientific theory 8)
A) is an educated guess.
B) will never be changed.
C) is less reliable than a hypothesis.
D) is a general explanation for natural phenomena.
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9
9) A scientific explanation that is conditional and requires more investigation is called a(n) 9)
A) control.
B) fact.
C) hypothesis.
D) theory.
E) observation.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
2
,10) A carefully formulated scientific explanation that is based on extensive observations and is in 10)
accord with scientific principles is called a
A) control.
B) theory.
C) postulate.
D) fact.
E) hypothesis.
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
11) All of the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT 11)
A) hypothesis formulation.
B) supernatural causes.
C) observation and experimentation.
D) repeatable by other scientists.
E) deductive reasoning.
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
12) Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond well, whereas 12)
25% show no improvement or a decline in health. You should
A) review the results, modify the drug or the dosage, and repeat the experiment.
B) conclude that only 75% of AIDS patients should be treated.
C) begin work on developing a new drug.
D) discontinue experimentation with this treatment because 25% of patients did not improve.
E) conclude that you have proven the effectiveness of the drug.
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
13) Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria. What 13)
was the hypothesis proposed by Fleming to explain this result?
A) The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold.
B) The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldnʹt grow.
C) The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria.
D) The mold was dead.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
3
, 14) Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into 20 14)
pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control for
this experiment?
A) 20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
B) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
C) 20 non-pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
D) 20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug
E) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
15) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis rather than a theory? 15)
A) Matter is composed of atoms.
B) Female birds prefer to mate with male birds that have longer tails.
C) Modern organisms descended from preexisting life-forms.
D) Living things are made of cells.
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9
16) Which of the following is TRUE regarding faith-based beliefs and scientific theories? 16)
A) Faith-based beliefs can become scientific theories.
B) Scientific theories are not modifiable, but faith-based beliefs are.
C) Any and all faith-based beliefs can be disproven, but scientific theories cannot.
D) Both faith-based beliefs and scientific theories can be proven.
E) Any and all scientific theories can be disproven, but faith-based beliefs cannot.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9
17) Which is the correct sequence of increasing organization? 17)
A) Cell, tissue, organ, organ system
B) Molecule, cell, organelle, organ
C) Organelle, tissue, cell, organ
D) Organ, tissue, cell, molecule
E) Atom, molecule, tissue, cell
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.3
18) Which of the following levels of organization is the most inclusive (i.e., includes the most 18)
life-forms)?
A) Community
B) Population
C) Ecosystem
D) Species
E) Biosphere
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.3
4
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Scientific inquiry is based on 1)
A) information found in a gossip magazine.
B) cultural biases or traditions.
C) natural causes.
D) stories that are passed down through generations.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
2) Which of the following is an example of a natural cause? 2)
A) Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat.
B) If you sneeze, you will die.
C) Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain.
D) Mice arise from discarded garbage.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
3) Science cannot answer certain faith-based questions because 3)
A) scientists are not able to study human behavior.
B) faith-based beliefs are impossible to either prove or disprove.
C) there arenʹt enough variables.
D) faith requires deductive reasoning.
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
4) Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories? 4)
A) They are developed by inductive reasoning.
B) They can be either supported or modified by new observations.
C) They are used to support observations using deductive reasoning.
D) They have been thoroughly tested.
E) They are firmly established and cannot be refuted.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9
1
,5) Which of these would be an example of a NON-scientific study? 5)
A) NASA sends tadpoles up in the space shuttle to see how gravity affects their development.
B) A study determines differences in the species composition in two parks.
C) A company uses different advertising methods for a product to determine which one
produces the most sales.
D) Consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best-tasting spaghetti sauce.
E) People are immunized with different vaccines to determine their relative effectiveness
against the flu virus.
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
6) The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT 6)
A) experimentation.
B) conclusions.
C) an observation.
D) a hypothesis.
E) a testable theory.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
7) We use the scientific method every day. Imagine that your car doesnʹt start one morning before 7)
school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem?
A) Iʹm going to be late.
B) I should add a quart of oil.
C) If I put gas in my car, it will start.
D) I should check whether the lights were left on and drained the battery.
E) I should change the battery or the starter.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
8) A scientific theory 8)
A) is an educated guess.
B) will never be changed.
C) is less reliable than a hypothesis.
D) is a general explanation for natural phenomena.
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9
9) A scientific explanation that is conditional and requires more investigation is called a(n) 9)
A) control.
B) fact.
C) hypothesis.
D) theory.
E) observation.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
2
,10) A carefully formulated scientific explanation that is based on extensive observations and is in 10)
accord with scientific principles is called a
A) control.
B) theory.
C) postulate.
D) fact.
E) hypothesis.
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
11) All of the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT 11)
A) hypothesis formulation.
B) supernatural causes.
C) observation and experimentation.
D) repeatable by other scientists.
E) deductive reasoning.
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
12) Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond well, whereas 12)
25% show no improvement or a decline in health. You should
A) review the results, modify the drug or the dosage, and repeat the experiment.
B) conclude that only 75% of AIDS patients should be treated.
C) begin work on developing a new drug.
D) discontinue experimentation with this treatment because 25% of patients did not improve.
E) conclude that you have proven the effectiveness of the drug.
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
13) Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria. What 13)
was the hypothesis proposed by Fleming to explain this result?
A) The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold.
B) The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldnʹt grow.
C) The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria.
D) The mold was dead.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
3
, 14) Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into 20 14)
pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control for
this experiment?
A) 20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
B) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
C) 20 non-pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
D) 20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug
E) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
15) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis rather than a theory? 15)
A) Matter is composed of atoms.
B) Female birds prefer to mate with male birds that have longer tails.
C) Modern organisms descended from preexisting life-forms.
D) Living things are made of cells.
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9
16) Which of the following is TRUE regarding faith-based beliefs and scientific theories? 16)
A) Faith-based beliefs can become scientific theories.
B) Scientific theories are not modifiable, but faith-based beliefs are.
C) Any and all faith-based beliefs can be disproven, but scientific theories cannot.
D) Both faith-based beliefs and scientific theories can be proven.
E) Any and all scientific theories can be disproven, but faith-based beliefs cannot.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9
17) Which is the correct sequence of increasing organization? 17)
A) Cell, tissue, organ, organ system
B) Molecule, cell, organelle, organ
C) Organelle, tissue, cell, organ
D) Organ, tissue, cell, molecule
E) Atom, molecule, tissue, cell
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.3
18) Which of the following levels of organization is the most inclusive (i.e., includes the most 18)
life-forms)?
A) Community
B) Population
C) Ecosystem
D) Species
E) Biosphere
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.3
4
