Burns' Pediatric Primary Care 8th Edition Test Bank | 20
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary Care Providers
Question Stem: A 4-year-old with recurrent otitis media
presents to your clinic. As the pediatric nurse practitioner
coordinating care, which action most aligns with the primary
care role?
A. Refer immediately to ENT without further evaluation.
B. Perform focused assessment, provide evidence-based first-
line management, and coordinate follow-up.
C. Schedule next available specialist appointment and discharge
family.
D. Prescribe long-term prophylactic antibiotics without
reassessing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Primary care providers serve as the
central point for assessment, evidence-based management, and
care coordination. This role includes treating common problems
and arranging follow-up or referral when necessary.
Rationale — A (incorrect): Immediate referral without initial
assessment bypasses the PCP’s role and may delay appropriate
first-line care.
Rationale — C (incorrect): Simply scheduling a specialist
,without initial management neglects the PCP’s responsibility for
continuity and initial treatment.
Rationale — D (incorrect): Prescribing long-term prophylactic
antibiotics without reassessment is not evidence-based and
risks harm.
Teaching Point: Primary care = assess, manage, coordinate.
Citation: Burns et al., 2023, Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary
Care Providers. Evolve
2
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Primary Care Versus Primary
Prevention
Question Stem: A parent asks whether annual well-child visits
are necessary if their child appears healthy. As an APRN, which
response best reflects the distinction between primary care and
primary prevention?
A. “Primary care only treats illness; prevention is unnecessary.”
B. “Primary care includes prevention — routine well visits
provide anticipatory guidance and immunizations to prevent
disease.”
C. “You only need well visits if symptoms develop.”
D. “Prevention is the responsibility of schools, not primary
care.”
Correct Answer: B
,Rationale — Correct: Primary care emphasizes both
management and prevention; well-child visits deliver
immunizations, screening, and anticipatory guidance that
reduce morbidity.
Rationale — A (incorrect): False dichotomy — primary care
includes preventive services.
Rationale — C (incorrect): Reactive care misses opportunities
for vaccination and developmental screening.
Rationale — D (incorrect): Prevention is a core function of
primary care, not delegated solely to schools.
Teaching Point: Well-child visits are primary-care opportunities
for prevention.
Citation: Burns et al., 2023, Ch. 1, Section: Primary Care Versus
Primary Prevention. Google Books
3
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Unique Issues in Pediatrics
Question Stem: A 15-year-old adolescent needs long-term
medication for asthma. Which unique pediatric issue should
most influence your prescribing decisions?
A. Assuming adult pharmacokinetics apply.
B. Considering growth, developmental stage, adherence, and
caregiver role in administration.
C. Prescribing adult doses by default to avoid under-treatment.
D. Relying solely on the pharmacy to educate the family.
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Pediatric prescribing requires attention to
growth, developmental capacity, adherence issues, and
caregiver involvement to ensure safety and efficacy.
Rationale — A (incorrect): Pediatric pharmacokinetics often
differ from adults; assumptions may cause dosing errors.
Rationale — C (incorrect): Adult dosing risks toxicity in children;
dose must be age/weight-appropriate.
Rationale — D (incorrect): Clinician must provide tailored
education; pharmacy complements but does not replace clinical
counseling.
Teaching Point: Dose and plan must match growth,
development, and caregiver context.
Citation: Burns et al., 2023, Ch. 1, Section: Unique Issues in
Pediatrics. Evolve
4
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: The Two-Generation or Dual Patient
Question Stem: A 2-year-old with frequent feeding difficulties
lives with a postpartum mother showing depressive symptoms.
Which approach best reflects the two-generation model?
A. Focus only on the child’s feeding; maternal mental health is
outside scope.
B. Screen and address maternal mental health while
coordinating child feeding support and family resources.
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary Care Providers
Question Stem: A 4-year-old with recurrent otitis media
presents to your clinic. As the pediatric nurse practitioner
coordinating care, which action most aligns with the primary
care role?
A. Refer immediately to ENT without further evaluation.
B. Perform focused assessment, provide evidence-based first-
line management, and coordinate follow-up.
C. Schedule next available specialist appointment and discharge
family.
D. Prescribe long-term prophylactic antibiotics without
reassessing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Primary care providers serve as the
central point for assessment, evidence-based management, and
care coordination. This role includes treating common problems
and arranging follow-up or referral when necessary.
Rationale — A (incorrect): Immediate referral without initial
assessment bypasses the PCP’s role and may delay appropriate
first-line care.
Rationale — C (incorrect): Simply scheduling a specialist
,without initial management neglects the PCP’s responsibility for
continuity and initial treatment.
Rationale — D (incorrect): Prescribing long-term prophylactic
antibiotics without reassessment is not evidence-based and
risks harm.
Teaching Point: Primary care = assess, manage, coordinate.
Citation: Burns et al., 2023, Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary
Care Providers. Evolve
2
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Primary Care Versus Primary
Prevention
Question Stem: A parent asks whether annual well-child visits
are necessary if their child appears healthy. As an APRN, which
response best reflects the distinction between primary care and
primary prevention?
A. “Primary care only treats illness; prevention is unnecessary.”
B. “Primary care includes prevention — routine well visits
provide anticipatory guidance and immunizations to prevent
disease.”
C. “You only need well visits if symptoms develop.”
D. “Prevention is the responsibility of schools, not primary
care.”
Correct Answer: B
,Rationale — Correct: Primary care emphasizes both
management and prevention; well-child visits deliver
immunizations, screening, and anticipatory guidance that
reduce morbidity.
Rationale — A (incorrect): False dichotomy — primary care
includes preventive services.
Rationale — C (incorrect): Reactive care misses opportunities
for vaccination and developmental screening.
Rationale — D (incorrect): Prevention is a core function of
primary care, not delegated solely to schools.
Teaching Point: Well-child visits are primary-care opportunities
for prevention.
Citation: Burns et al., 2023, Ch. 1, Section: Primary Care Versus
Primary Prevention. Google Books
3
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Unique Issues in Pediatrics
Question Stem: A 15-year-old adolescent needs long-term
medication for asthma. Which unique pediatric issue should
most influence your prescribing decisions?
A. Assuming adult pharmacokinetics apply.
B. Considering growth, developmental stage, adherence, and
caregiver role in administration.
C. Prescribing adult doses by default to avoid under-treatment.
D. Relying solely on the pharmacy to educate the family.
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Pediatric prescribing requires attention to
growth, developmental capacity, adherence issues, and
caregiver involvement to ensure safety and efficacy.
Rationale — A (incorrect): Pediatric pharmacokinetics often
differ from adults; assumptions may cause dosing errors.
Rationale — C (incorrect): Adult dosing risks toxicity in children;
dose must be age/weight-appropriate.
Rationale — D (incorrect): Clinician must provide tailored
education; pharmacy complements but does not replace clinical
counseling.
Teaching Point: Dose and plan must match growth,
development, and caregiver context.
Citation: Burns et al., 2023, Ch. 1, Section: Unique Issues in
Pediatrics. Evolve
4
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: The Two-Generation or Dual Patient
Question Stem: A 2-year-old with frequent feeding difficulties
lives with a postpartum mother showing depressive symptoms.
Which approach best reflects the two-generation model?
A. Focus only on the child’s feeding; maternal mental health is
outside scope.
B. Screen and address maternal mental health while
coordinating child feeding support and family resources.
