COB 300 OPERATIONS TEST 2 (PAL)
QUESTIONS & DETAILED COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Phases of Quality Assurance - correct answer ✔✔1. Acceptance sampling: inspection
before/after production (least progressive)
2. Process control: inspection and corrective action during production
3. Continuous improvement: quality built into the process (most progressive)
Inspection - correct answer ✔✔An appraisal activity that compares goods or services to a
standard
Inspection Issues - correct answer ✔✔1. How much to inspect and how often
2. At what points in the process to inspect
3. Whether to inspect in a centralized or on-site location
4. Whether to inspect attributes or variables
Where to inspect in the process - correct answer ✔✔1. Raw materials and purchased parts
2. Finished products
3. Before a costly operation
4. Before an irreversible process
5. Before a covering process
Centralized vs On-Site Inspection - correct answer ✔✔Effects on cost and level of disruption are
major considerations
,Centralized - correct answer ✔✔-Specialized tests that may best be completed in a lab
-More specialized testing equipment
-More favorable testing environment
On-Site Inspection - correct answer ✔✔-Quicker decisions are rendered
-Avoided introduction of extraneous factors
-Quality at the source
two basic questions concerning variability - correct answer ✔✔-Issue of Process Control
-Issue of Process Capability
Issue of process control - correct answer ✔✔Are the variations random? If nonrandom variation
is present, the process is said to be unstable.
Issue of Process Capability - correct answer ✔✔Given a stable process, is the inherent variability
of the process within a range that conforms to performance criteria?
Steps required for effective control - correct answer ✔✔-Define: What is to be controlled?
-Measure: How will measurement be accomplished?
-Compare: There must be a standard of comparison
-Evaluate: Establish a definition of out of control
-Correct: Uncover the cause of nonrandom variability and fix it
-Monitor: Verify that the problem has been eliminated
Statistics to manage quality - correct answer ✔✔-Requires less labor (reduces costs)
-Useful when testing destroys products
, Categories of statistical tools - correct answer ✔✔-Statistical process control
-Acceptance sampling
Statistical process control - correct answer ✔✔Assesses whether or not an ongoing process is
preforming within established limits
Acceptance Sampling - correct answer ✔✔Assesses the quality of parts or products after they
have been produced
Statistical Process Control (SPC) - correct answer ✔✔A quantitative method for determining
whether a particular process is in or out of control
Process Variations - correct answer ✔✔-Random (common cause) variations
-Assignable (special cause) variations
Random (common cause) variation - correct answer ✔✔Natural variation in the output of a
process, created by countless minor factors
Assignable (special cause) variation - correct answer ✔✔-Variations whose source can be
identified
-Easy to control/correct
Why are samples taken? - correct answer ✔✔To determine whether assignable variations are
present in the output of a process
Central Limit Theorem - correct answer ✔✔Sample means will be normally distributed no
matter whatever distributions the samples follow
QUESTIONS & DETAILED COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Phases of Quality Assurance - correct answer ✔✔1. Acceptance sampling: inspection
before/after production (least progressive)
2. Process control: inspection and corrective action during production
3. Continuous improvement: quality built into the process (most progressive)
Inspection - correct answer ✔✔An appraisal activity that compares goods or services to a
standard
Inspection Issues - correct answer ✔✔1. How much to inspect and how often
2. At what points in the process to inspect
3. Whether to inspect in a centralized or on-site location
4. Whether to inspect attributes or variables
Where to inspect in the process - correct answer ✔✔1. Raw materials and purchased parts
2. Finished products
3. Before a costly operation
4. Before an irreversible process
5. Before a covering process
Centralized vs On-Site Inspection - correct answer ✔✔Effects on cost and level of disruption are
major considerations
,Centralized - correct answer ✔✔-Specialized tests that may best be completed in a lab
-More specialized testing equipment
-More favorable testing environment
On-Site Inspection - correct answer ✔✔-Quicker decisions are rendered
-Avoided introduction of extraneous factors
-Quality at the source
two basic questions concerning variability - correct answer ✔✔-Issue of Process Control
-Issue of Process Capability
Issue of process control - correct answer ✔✔Are the variations random? If nonrandom variation
is present, the process is said to be unstable.
Issue of Process Capability - correct answer ✔✔Given a stable process, is the inherent variability
of the process within a range that conforms to performance criteria?
Steps required for effective control - correct answer ✔✔-Define: What is to be controlled?
-Measure: How will measurement be accomplished?
-Compare: There must be a standard of comparison
-Evaluate: Establish a definition of out of control
-Correct: Uncover the cause of nonrandom variability and fix it
-Monitor: Verify that the problem has been eliminated
Statistics to manage quality - correct answer ✔✔-Requires less labor (reduces costs)
-Useful when testing destroys products
, Categories of statistical tools - correct answer ✔✔-Statistical process control
-Acceptance sampling
Statistical process control - correct answer ✔✔Assesses whether or not an ongoing process is
preforming within established limits
Acceptance Sampling - correct answer ✔✔Assesses the quality of parts or products after they
have been produced
Statistical Process Control (SPC) - correct answer ✔✔A quantitative method for determining
whether a particular process is in or out of control
Process Variations - correct answer ✔✔-Random (common cause) variations
-Assignable (special cause) variations
Random (common cause) variation - correct answer ✔✔Natural variation in the output of a
process, created by countless minor factors
Assignable (special cause) variation - correct answer ✔✔-Variations whose source can be
identified
-Easy to control/correct
Why are samples taken? - correct answer ✔✔To determine whether assignable variations are
present in the output of a process
Central Limit Theorem - correct answer ✔✔Sample means will be normally distributed no
matter whatever distributions the samples follow
