BSC 108 exam 3
structure of DNA - ✅✅-composed of nucleotide
sub units - has sugar - phosphate backbone (deoxyribose and phosphate)
DNA m- m✅✅-deoxyribosenucleic macid
nitrogen m- mcontaining mbases m- m✅✅-adenine, mguanine, mthymine,
mcytosine
adenine, mguanine, mthymine, mcytosine m- m✅✅-held mtogether mby mhydrogen
mbonds
adenine m= mthymine
guanine m= mcytosine m- m✅✅-always mpair mtogether m(DNA)
DNA mreplication m- m✅✅-- m1 mparent mhas m2 mstrands mof mseparates
-each mstrand mused mto mmake mnew mstrand
- m2 mdaughter mmolecules mis mcomposed mof m1 m"old"/ m"new" mstrand
origin m- m✅✅-2 mparent mstrands mseparate mat m of
replication mRNA m- m✅✅-single mstand mnucleic macid
m
uracil, mribose m- m✅✅-RNA mcontains m instead mof mthymine mand
instead mof mdeoxydie
mRNA, mtRNA, mrRna m- m✅✅-3 mtypes mof mRNA
mRNA m(messenger) m- m✅✅-carries mgenetic minfo mcopied mfrom
m DNA mtRNA m(transfers) m- m✅✅-deciphering mcode mwords
rRNA m(ribosomes) m- m✅✅-translation mof mcells muse mto mmake
m protein mgene mcodes/ mspecific mproteins m- m✅✅-transcription,
m translation
synthesis mof mmRNA m- m✅✅-transcription mtakes mplace min mnucleus m-->
munder mDNA
DNA m--> mRNA m- m✅✅-transcription
, frameshift mmutations m- m✅✅-does mnot mfix mthe maddition mor
m deletion mpathologic m- m✅✅-germs mthat mcause mdiseases
polymerase mchain mreaction m- m✅✅-PCR
plasmid m - m ✅✅-DNA mmolecule mthat mnaturally mexists/ mantibiotic
m resistance mgenetically mmodified morganism m- m✅✅-genetically maltered
m (by mtechniques) mtransgenic morganism m- m✅✅-genes mtransplanted
m form mspecies mto manother mrestriction menzyme m- m✅✅-cut ma mDNA
m molecule
PCR m- m✅✅-copy msegments mof mDNA
stem mcell m- m✅✅-develop minto mmany mcell mtypes
m gene mtherapy m- m✅✅-treat mor mprevent
m diseases
therapeutic mcloning m- m✅✅-injection minto megg m--> mnucleus mremoved
genetic mengineering mexperiment m- m✅✅-1. misolation mof mDNA mfrom mdonor
2. insertion mof mdonor mDNA m--> minto mvector mgenome
3. growth mof mrecombination mvector
genetic mengineering m- m✅✅-creating mantibiotics
mmodify mcrops
vaccines m3 mgene mtherapy
DNA mfinger mprinting m- m✅✅-family mrelationships mexist
msolve mcrimes
identify morganism mcausing mdiseases
geographic mdistribution m- m✅✅-Galapagos
mfinches madaption mand morigin mof mnew mspecies
Hutton mand mLyell m- m✅✅-geographic mdistribution mwas minfluenced mby
&m
structure of DNA - ✅✅-composed of nucleotide
sub units - has sugar - phosphate backbone (deoxyribose and phosphate)
DNA m- m✅✅-deoxyribosenucleic macid
nitrogen m- mcontaining mbases m- m✅✅-adenine, mguanine, mthymine,
mcytosine
adenine, mguanine, mthymine, mcytosine m- m✅✅-held mtogether mby mhydrogen
mbonds
adenine m= mthymine
guanine m= mcytosine m- m✅✅-always mpair mtogether m(DNA)
DNA mreplication m- m✅✅-- m1 mparent mhas m2 mstrands mof mseparates
-each mstrand mused mto mmake mnew mstrand
- m2 mdaughter mmolecules mis mcomposed mof m1 m"old"/ m"new" mstrand
origin m- m✅✅-2 mparent mstrands mseparate mat m of
replication mRNA m- m✅✅-single mstand mnucleic macid
m
uracil, mribose m- m✅✅-RNA mcontains m instead mof mthymine mand
instead mof mdeoxydie
mRNA, mtRNA, mrRna m- m✅✅-3 mtypes mof mRNA
mRNA m(messenger) m- m✅✅-carries mgenetic minfo mcopied mfrom
m DNA mtRNA m(transfers) m- m✅✅-deciphering mcode mwords
rRNA m(ribosomes) m- m✅✅-translation mof mcells muse mto mmake
m protein mgene mcodes/ mspecific mproteins m- m✅✅-transcription,
m translation
synthesis mof mmRNA m- m✅✅-transcription mtakes mplace min mnucleus m-->
munder mDNA
DNA m--> mRNA m- m✅✅-transcription
, frameshift mmutations m- m✅✅-does mnot mfix mthe maddition mor
m deletion mpathologic m- m✅✅-germs mthat mcause mdiseases
polymerase mchain mreaction m- m✅✅-PCR
plasmid m - m ✅✅-DNA mmolecule mthat mnaturally mexists/ mantibiotic
m resistance mgenetically mmodified morganism m- m✅✅-genetically maltered
m (by mtechniques) mtransgenic morganism m- m✅✅-genes mtransplanted
m form mspecies mto manother mrestriction menzyme m- m✅✅-cut ma mDNA
m molecule
PCR m- m✅✅-copy msegments mof mDNA
stem mcell m- m✅✅-develop minto mmany mcell mtypes
m gene mtherapy m- m✅✅-treat mor mprevent
m diseases
therapeutic mcloning m- m✅✅-injection minto megg m--> mnucleus mremoved
genetic mengineering mexperiment m- m✅✅-1. misolation mof mDNA mfrom mdonor
2. insertion mof mdonor mDNA m--> minto mvector mgenome
3. growth mof mrecombination mvector
genetic mengineering m- m✅✅-creating mantibiotics
mmodify mcrops
vaccines m3 mgene mtherapy
DNA mfinger mprinting m- m✅✅-family mrelationships mexist
msolve mcrimes
identify morganism mcausing mdiseases
geographic mdistribution m- m✅✅-Galapagos
mfinches madaption mand morigin mof mnew mspecies
Hutton mand mLyell m- m✅✅-geographic mdistribution mwas minfluenced mby
&m
