PSYC 379 Exam COPIED Questions With Complete
Solutions
____________ is most likely to contribute to deindividuation
Correct Answer Anonymity
__________________is considered a primary emotions
Correct Answer Surprise
_______of participants in Milgram's study of destructive
obedience demonstrated complete compliance Correct Answer
65%
1. Compare Jones and Davis' correspondent inference theory and
Kelly's covariation theory of social attribution. Use examples to
support your answer. Correct Answer According to the
correspondent inference theory ppl try to understand others by
observing and analyzing their bx. Ppl try to decide if an act is a
part of who the person is, an enduring personal characteristic of
the actor. To do this ppl examine 3 factors 1) the person made a
choice and deliberately performed the act, 2) the act expected,
does it line up with social norms, and 3) the actor understands
the consequences of the act. E.g.
When an ind bx in a way that is outside the norms or
expectations we tend to learn more about a person (e.g. wo
believe we know more about someone who refuses to pay taxes
than someone who wears jeans to class).
Kelly's covariation theory explains that we have a desire to
understand the motives of others, and we use social perception
to attribute behaviour to internal or external factors. In order for
something to be the cause of bx it must be present when the bx
,occurs and absent when it the bx does not occur. (E.g. Is Julie a
gum chewer? She tends to chew gum after dinner when she is
out with friends but when eating alone she dose not chew gum.)
This theory states that we use our observations to answer 3
variable consistency info (what happens to the bx when the
person and the situation remain the same), distinctiveness info
(how does this person react to different stimuli), and consensus
info (does more than one person do or believe) by doing this we
can decide if the action is related to who the person is or is it
simply the situation they are in.
Jones and Davis' theory is based more on the individual or
internal characteristics or attributes of a person (choice
consistency and expectation) whereas Kelly's covariation theory
relies on information about the individual, the environment and
other individuals in the same situation. These theories can be
applies in conjunction with one
1. Define loneliness. Identify the factors that are associated with
loneliness. What coping strategies do ppl use to combat
loneliness? Correct Answer Loneliness is a feeling of
deprivation about social relationships. Loneliness is more likely
to occur during times of transition or disruption. Ppl who are
unattached are lonelier, but, those who once had a partner and
are now alone will be much lonelier than those who were never
attached.
To combat loneliness ppl try to be friendly to others, use solitary
activities to distract themselves for example watching TV
reading a book. Some ppl attempt to succeed in other areas of
life and some turn to substance abuse.
,1. Nikki, who watches a lot of violent tele as well as horror
movies, thinks the world is much more violent than it is. What is
causing her overestimation? Correct Answer Cultivation
1. Summarize the techniques of compliance commonly used in
business Correct Answer In order for ppl in business to gain
compliance there are 4 techniques that are based on a 2-step
process. The techniques either start off with a small request and
build to a larger one or start of super large and move back to a
more palatable request.
Foot in the door: Begin with a very small request; secure
agreement; then make a separate, larger request. Self-perception
theory- ppl infer their attitudes by observing their own bx - R+
yourself as kind and cooperative want to R+ again
Low-balling: Secure agreement with a request, and then increase
the size of that request by revealing hidden costs. Psyc of
commitment - At the lower price you become attached and don't
want to give it up.
From Large to small
Door in the face: Begin with a very large request that will be
rejected; then follow up with a more modest request. Perceptual
contrast: the first offer seemed so outlandish that the next one
appears reasonable or even good
That's not all: Begin with a somewhat inflated request; then
immediately decrease the apparent size of that request by
offering a discount or bonus. Sweetening the deal- people
always feel better about a purchase if they are getting more out
of it for less!
, a key component to critiques of social psychology in the 60's
and 70's Correct Answer Concerns about whether participants
always received ethical treatment
According to implicit personalities theory if we know Yael is an
extrovert we would assume she Correct Answer also
possesses other traits related to extroversion.
According to the collective effort model, social loafing is more
likely Correct Answer when ppl feel like their input will not
compensate for the social loafing of others
According to the empathy-altruism hypothesis the primary cause
of altruistic bx is Correct Answer taking another persons
perspective
According to the social exchange theory an individual's primary
motive in establishing and maintaining relationships is Correct
Answer maximizing rewards and minimizing costs
According to the social impact theory _________ is determined
by a sources proximity in time and space Correct Answer
immediacy
Alcohol makes ppl more likely to Correct Answer respond to
initial info and to render themselves insensitive to later cues
Although related to other field, social psyc is distinct in that its
emphasis is on Correct Answer understanding the immediate
situational factors that influence human bx.
Solutions
____________ is most likely to contribute to deindividuation
Correct Answer Anonymity
__________________is considered a primary emotions
Correct Answer Surprise
_______of participants in Milgram's study of destructive
obedience demonstrated complete compliance Correct Answer
65%
1. Compare Jones and Davis' correspondent inference theory and
Kelly's covariation theory of social attribution. Use examples to
support your answer. Correct Answer According to the
correspondent inference theory ppl try to understand others by
observing and analyzing their bx. Ppl try to decide if an act is a
part of who the person is, an enduring personal characteristic of
the actor. To do this ppl examine 3 factors 1) the person made a
choice and deliberately performed the act, 2) the act expected,
does it line up with social norms, and 3) the actor understands
the consequences of the act. E.g.
When an ind bx in a way that is outside the norms or
expectations we tend to learn more about a person (e.g. wo
believe we know more about someone who refuses to pay taxes
than someone who wears jeans to class).
Kelly's covariation theory explains that we have a desire to
understand the motives of others, and we use social perception
to attribute behaviour to internal or external factors. In order for
something to be the cause of bx it must be present when the bx
,occurs and absent when it the bx does not occur. (E.g. Is Julie a
gum chewer? She tends to chew gum after dinner when she is
out with friends but when eating alone she dose not chew gum.)
This theory states that we use our observations to answer 3
variable consistency info (what happens to the bx when the
person and the situation remain the same), distinctiveness info
(how does this person react to different stimuli), and consensus
info (does more than one person do or believe) by doing this we
can decide if the action is related to who the person is or is it
simply the situation they are in.
Jones and Davis' theory is based more on the individual or
internal characteristics or attributes of a person (choice
consistency and expectation) whereas Kelly's covariation theory
relies on information about the individual, the environment and
other individuals in the same situation. These theories can be
applies in conjunction with one
1. Define loneliness. Identify the factors that are associated with
loneliness. What coping strategies do ppl use to combat
loneliness? Correct Answer Loneliness is a feeling of
deprivation about social relationships. Loneliness is more likely
to occur during times of transition or disruption. Ppl who are
unattached are lonelier, but, those who once had a partner and
are now alone will be much lonelier than those who were never
attached.
To combat loneliness ppl try to be friendly to others, use solitary
activities to distract themselves for example watching TV
reading a book. Some ppl attempt to succeed in other areas of
life and some turn to substance abuse.
,1. Nikki, who watches a lot of violent tele as well as horror
movies, thinks the world is much more violent than it is. What is
causing her overestimation? Correct Answer Cultivation
1. Summarize the techniques of compliance commonly used in
business Correct Answer In order for ppl in business to gain
compliance there are 4 techniques that are based on a 2-step
process. The techniques either start off with a small request and
build to a larger one or start of super large and move back to a
more palatable request.
Foot in the door: Begin with a very small request; secure
agreement; then make a separate, larger request. Self-perception
theory- ppl infer their attitudes by observing their own bx - R+
yourself as kind and cooperative want to R+ again
Low-balling: Secure agreement with a request, and then increase
the size of that request by revealing hidden costs. Psyc of
commitment - At the lower price you become attached and don't
want to give it up.
From Large to small
Door in the face: Begin with a very large request that will be
rejected; then follow up with a more modest request. Perceptual
contrast: the first offer seemed so outlandish that the next one
appears reasonable or even good
That's not all: Begin with a somewhat inflated request; then
immediately decrease the apparent size of that request by
offering a discount or bonus. Sweetening the deal- people
always feel better about a purchase if they are getting more out
of it for less!
, a key component to critiques of social psychology in the 60's
and 70's Correct Answer Concerns about whether participants
always received ethical treatment
According to implicit personalities theory if we know Yael is an
extrovert we would assume she Correct Answer also
possesses other traits related to extroversion.
According to the collective effort model, social loafing is more
likely Correct Answer when ppl feel like their input will not
compensate for the social loafing of others
According to the empathy-altruism hypothesis the primary cause
of altruistic bx is Correct Answer taking another persons
perspective
According to the social exchange theory an individual's primary
motive in establishing and maintaining relationships is Correct
Answer maximizing rewards and minimizing costs
According to the social impact theory _________ is determined
by a sources proximity in time and space Correct Answer
immediacy
Alcohol makes ppl more likely to Correct Answer respond to
initial info and to render themselves insensitive to later cues
Although related to other field, social psyc is distinct in that its
emphasis is on Correct Answer understanding the immediate
situational factors that influence human bx.
