Test Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology 7th Edition by Huether, McCance, and Brashers Complete Solution Grade A+

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,Chapter1.Cellular Biology l




MULTIPLECHOICE

1. Astudent is observinga cellunderthe microscope.It is observed tohavesupercoiledDNA
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lwith histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
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a. Asinglecircular chromosome l




b. Anucleus
c. Free-floatingnuclear material l




d. Noorganelles


ANS:B

The celldescribed isaeukaryoticcell,soithashistones and asupercoiledDNAwithinits nucleus;
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lthus, the nucleus should be observed.
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Asinglecircular chromosome ischaracteristicofprokaryoticcells, whichdo not havehistones.
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Free-floatingnuclearmaterialdescribesaprokaryoticcell,whichwouldnot haveadistinct
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lnucleus.

Eukaryoticcells have membraneboundedcellularcomponentscalledorganelles.Noorganelles
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ldescribes a prokaryotic cell. l l l




2. Anurse is instructing thestaffabout cellular functions. Which cellular functionisthenurse
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l describing when an isolated cell absorbsoxygen andusesittotransformnutrients toenergy?
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a. Metabolic absorption l




b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration

,ANS:D

The abilityofthe cellto absorboxygenrefers to the cells functionofrespiration.
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Theabilityofthecelltofunctionwithinasocietyofcellsreferstoitsfunctionofcommunication. The
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abilityofthe cell t o t ake in nutrients refers tothe cells functionof metabolic absorption.
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The abilityofthe celltosynthesize newsubstances and secretetheseelsewherereferstothecells function
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l of secretion.
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3. Aeukaryotic cell isundergoingDNAreplication. Inwhich region ofthe cellwould most of
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l the genetic information be contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus


ANS:C

The regionofthecellthat containsgenetic material, includinga largeamount of ribonucleic acid,
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l most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus.
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Themitochondria isthesiteofcellularrespiration.
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Theribosomes areinvolved inmanufacturing ofproteinswithin thecell.
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Thenucleuscontainsthenucleolus,and it isthenucleolusthatcontainsgenetic material.
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4. The fluidmosaic modelforbiologic membranesdescribesmembrane behavior.Accordingto
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this model, which of the following float singly or as aggregates in the fluid lipid bilayer?
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a. Peripheralmembrane proteins l




b. Integralmembrane proteins l l

, c. Glycoproteins
d. Celladhesion molecules vt l




ANS:B

Integralmembrane proteinsfloat freelyin the fluid lipidbilayer. vt l l l l l




Peripheralmembraneproteinsarenotembeddedinthe layer,but resideat thesurface. Glycoproteins
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act as cell surface markers.
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Celladhesion moleculesareonthe outside ofthe membrane and allow cellsto hooktogether.
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5. Whichofthe following canbindto plasma membrane receptors?
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a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids vt




d. Ligands


ANS:D

Ligands arespecific molecules thatcanbindwithreceptorsonthe cellmembrane. Oxygen moves
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by diffusion; it does not bind to receptors.
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Ribosomesmakeproteinsandarenot involved inbinding. l l




Amphipathic lipids are a portion of the cell membrane.
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6. Anurse isreviewing areport f romapatient withmetastaticcancer.What finding would
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l supportthediagnosisofmetastaticcancer?Alterations in extracellular matrixthat include:
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a. Decreased fibronectin l




b. Increased collagen l




c. Decreasedelastin l