1
NR565 Final
· Constipation
Lifestyle modifications to suggest prior to treatment - ANSWER Increasing fiber and
m
fluid in the diet, mild exercise.
.co
ail
§ Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism - ANSWER Hair loss, bulging eyes, goiter,
gm
rapid heartbeat, weight loss, diarrhea, menstrual periods loss often or longer.
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2 hour post-load plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test greater than or equal to
he
200 mg/dL. The test uses a glucose load containing the equivalent of 75 g anhydrous
hig
glucose dissolved in water.
· Pre-diabetes
ing
· Diabetes mellitus - ANSWER · Diabetes mellitus
fly
A1c general goals - ANSWER <7, patients that experience severe hypoglycemia/have a
limited life expectancy may have an A1C goal of <8.
, 2
A1c older adults - ANSWER <8, those with multiple coexisting chronic illnesses,
cognitive impairment, or functional dependence should have less stringent glycemic goals
such as <8.0-8.5.
Action of Insulin - ANSWER Anabolic, energy conservation, promotes cellular growth
m
and division.
.co
ail
Acute symptoms of diabetes plus casual plasma glucose concentration greater than or
gm
equal to 200 mg/dL.
*Casual is defined as any time of day without regard to time since last meal. The classic
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symptoms of diabetes are polyuria, polydipsia, and unexplained weight loss.
he
· Diabetes mellitus
hig
· Pre-diabetes - ANSWER · Diabetes mellitus
ing
Associated vitamin and/or mineral deficiencies with PPI - ANSWER Decreased
fly
absorption of calcium, magnesium, and vitamin B12.
At what point would an oral steroid be prescribed? - ANSWER Patients with moderate
to severe persistent asthma or for management of acute exacerbations of asthma or
, 3
COPD. Only prescribed when symptoms cannot be controlled with safer meds (inhaler
glucocorticoids, inhaled B2 agonists).
At what time interval should A1c be re-checked? - ANSWER Every 2-3 months and
max of 4 times a year. If <7, every 6 months.
m
.co
Benefits of use - ICS - ANSWER Suppresses inflammation, reduce bronchial
ail
hyperreactivity and decrease airway mucus production.
gm
Benefits of use - LABA - ANSWER Maintenance therapy.
r@
he
Bupropion s/e - ANSWER serious neuropsychiatric effects
hig
cold and cough meds actions (3) - ANSWER Decongestants decrease stuffiness.
ing
Antitussives suppress coughing. Expectorants help to clear out mucous.
fly
DPP-4i MOA - ANSWER Enhance actions of incretin hormones. Inhibit DPP-4
activity and increase active incretin concentrations which result in increased insulin
secretion and decreased glucagon.
NR565 Final
· Constipation
Lifestyle modifications to suggest prior to treatment - ANSWER Increasing fiber and
m
fluid in the diet, mild exercise.
.co
ail
§ Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism - ANSWER Hair loss, bulging eyes, goiter,
gm
rapid heartbeat, weight loss, diarrhea, menstrual periods loss often or longer.
r@
2 hour post-load plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test greater than or equal to
he
200 mg/dL. The test uses a glucose load containing the equivalent of 75 g anhydrous
hig
glucose dissolved in water.
· Pre-diabetes
ing
· Diabetes mellitus - ANSWER · Diabetes mellitus
fly
A1c general goals - ANSWER <7, patients that experience severe hypoglycemia/have a
limited life expectancy may have an A1C goal of <8.
, 2
A1c older adults - ANSWER <8, those with multiple coexisting chronic illnesses,
cognitive impairment, or functional dependence should have less stringent glycemic goals
such as <8.0-8.5.
Action of Insulin - ANSWER Anabolic, energy conservation, promotes cellular growth
m
and division.
.co
ail
Acute symptoms of diabetes plus casual plasma glucose concentration greater than or
gm
equal to 200 mg/dL.
*Casual is defined as any time of day without regard to time since last meal. The classic
r@
symptoms of diabetes are polyuria, polydipsia, and unexplained weight loss.
he
· Diabetes mellitus
hig
· Pre-diabetes - ANSWER · Diabetes mellitus
ing
Associated vitamin and/or mineral deficiencies with PPI - ANSWER Decreased
fly
absorption of calcium, magnesium, and vitamin B12.
At what point would an oral steroid be prescribed? - ANSWER Patients with moderate
to severe persistent asthma or for management of acute exacerbations of asthma or
, 3
COPD. Only prescribed when symptoms cannot be controlled with safer meds (inhaler
glucocorticoids, inhaled B2 agonists).
At what time interval should A1c be re-checked? - ANSWER Every 2-3 months and
max of 4 times a year. If <7, every 6 months.
m
.co
Benefits of use - ICS - ANSWER Suppresses inflammation, reduce bronchial
ail
hyperreactivity and decrease airway mucus production.
gm
Benefits of use - LABA - ANSWER Maintenance therapy.
r@
he
Bupropion s/e - ANSWER serious neuropsychiatric effects
hig
cold and cough meds actions (3) - ANSWER Decongestants decrease stuffiness.
ing
Antitussives suppress coughing. Expectorants help to clear out mucous.
fly
DPP-4i MOA - ANSWER Enhance actions of incretin hormones. Inhibit DPP-4
activity and increase active incretin concentrations which result in increased insulin
secretion and decreased glucagon.
