LPN PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
SOLVED
,Respiratory system function
*upper
*lower - ANSWERS*passageway for air to move through as it travels into lower
structures of the system. It also filters and humidifies air that is inhaled
*function is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and the blood
Digestive System
*Function
*structures
*protective factors
*digestion variables - ANSWERS*performs the mechanical and chemical process of
digestion, absorbs nutrients, and eliminated waste
*structures
-mouth
-esophagus
-stomach
-intestines
-accessory structures
*the digestive tract must work without being destroyed by the strong acid it makes to
digest food
*changes in GI blood flow, amount of surface available, and motility are found in very
young and older adult patients
diseases that can impact the ability or efficiency of the respiratory system -
ANSWERS*asthma
*chronic bronchitis
*emphysema
*lung cancer
*infections
-common cold
-pneumonia
Cause of COPD - ANSWERS*smoking
*polluted air
*chemical irritants
*genetic predisposition
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - ANSWERSchronic, disabling disorder
that causes destruction of alveolar walls. This destruction creates unequal areas of the
ventilation and perfusion in the body, and oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange is
impaired. Patients experience difficulty in expiration. (simplified version: a chronic
inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs)
, COPD patients are seldom symptom-free, and medications are administered to dilate
the bronchioles and help thin secretions
s/s: breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production, and wheezing
COPD is irreversible
environmental allergens that can cause allergic reactions - ANSWERS*dust
*plant pollen
*pet dander
*food
*insect bites
what rescue inhaler is for an asthma attack and is fast-acting? -
ANSWERS*Bronchodilators --> Short-Acting Beta2 Agonists (SABA)
-Albuterol
<< also called a sympathomimetic medication>>
what class of inhaled meds would be used to relieve inflammation of the airways? -
ANSWERScorticosteroids
Bronchodilators
*action
*common drugs include and what they treat
*(drug name) - ANSWERS*relax the airway smooth muscles, allowing lumen of airways
to widen
*Common drugs include:
-SABA --> used during asthma attacks or just before engaging in activity that triggers an
attack (albuterol)
-Long-acting beta2 agonists (LABA) --> prevent an asthma attack or bronchospasms
(Formoterol)
-anticholinergics (cholinergic antagonists)--> prevent asthma attack or bronchospasms
(tiotropium)
Sympathomimetic drugs
*action
*used for? - ANSWERS*action
-relax smooth muscle of bronchi (dilate)
-vasoconstriction of blood vessels in body (↓ mucosal and submucosal edema)
-↑ rate and force of heart contraction
*used for:
-relief of symptoms of bronchospasm in acute or chronic asthma, bronchitis, and COPD
common side effects for anticholinergic medications? - ANSWERS4 Can'ts
*can't see
*can't pee
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
SOLVED
,Respiratory system function
*upper
*lower - ANSWERS*passageway for air to move through as it travels into lower
structures of the system. It also filters and humidifies air that is inhaled
*function is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and the blood
Digestive System
*Function
*structures
*protective factors
*digestion variables - ANSWERS*performs the mechanical and chemical process of
digestion, absorbs nutrients, and eliminated waste
*structures
-mouth
-esophagus
-stomach
-intestines
-accessory structures
*the digestive tract must work without being destroyed by the strong acid it makes to
digest food
*changes in GI blood flow, amount of surface available, and motility are found in very
young and older adult patients
diseases that can impact the ability or efficiency of the respiratory system -
ANSWERS*asthma
*chronic bronchitis
*emphysema
*lung cancer
*infections
-common cold
-pneumonia
Cause of COPD - ANSWERS*smoking
*polluted air
*chemical irritants
*genetic predisposition
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - ANSWERSchronic, disabling disorder
that causes destruction of alveolar walls. This destruction creates unequal areas of the
ventilation and perfusion in the body, and oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange is
impaired. Patients experience difficulty in expiration. (simplified version: a chronic
inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs)
, COPD patients are seldom symptom-free, and medications are administered to dilate
the bronchioles and help thin secretions
s/s: breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production, and wheezing
COPD is irreversible
environmental allergens that can cause allergic reactions - ANSWERS*dust
*plant pollen
*pet dander
*food
*insect bites
what rescue inhaler is for an asthma attack and is fast-acting? -
ANSWERS*Bronchodilators --> Short-Acting Beta2 Agonists (SABA)
-Albuterol
<< also called a sympathomimetic medication>>
what class of inhaled meds would be used to relieve inflammation of the airways? -
ANSWERScorticosteroids
Bronchodilators
*action
*common drugs include and what they treat
*(drug name) - ANSWERS*relax the airway smooth muscles, allowing lumen of airways
to widen
*Common drugs include:
-SABA --> used during asthma attacks or just before engaging in activity that triggers an
attack (albuterol)
-Long-acting beta2 agonists (LABA) --> prevent an asthma attack or bronchospasms
(Formoterol)
-anticholinergics (cholinergic antagonists)--> prevent asthma attack or bronchospasms
(tiotropium)
Sympathomimetic drugs
*action
*used for? - ANSWERS*action
-relax smooth muscle of bronchi (dilate)
-vasoconstriction of blood vessels in body (↓ mucosal and submucosal edema)
-↑ rate and force of heart contraction
*used for:
-relief of symptoms of bronchospasm in acute or chronic asthma, bronchitis, and COPD
common side effects for anticholinergic medications? - ANSWERS4 Can'ts
*can't see
*can't pee
