NUR 242 Med_Surg Exam 2 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

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NUR 242 Med/Surg Exam 2
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- serum level below 9
- painful muscle spasms in calf/foot during rest or sleep
Hypocalcemia s/s - positive Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs
- parethesias, tingling, numbness
- WEAK THREADY HEART RATE that may be slower or faster than normal

- inadequate oral intake of calcium and Vitamin D
- kidney failure
Hypocalcemia causes - malabsorption syndrome (Chrohn's disease)
- lactose intolerance
- ESKD

- oral or IV calcium supplements
Hypocalcemia treatment - seizure precautions
- Vitamin D to help with the absorption of calcium from the GI tract

- serum level higher than 10.5
- severe muscle weakness and decreased deep tendon reflexes
- confusion
- lethargy
Hypercalcemia s/s
- INCREASED HR & BP
- severe prolonged - electrical conduction depression
- cyanosis, pallor
- blood clots

- excessive oral intake of calcium and Vitamin D
Hypercalcemia causes - kidney failure
- use of thiazide diuretics

- D/C thiazide diuretics and replace with diuretics that enhance excretion of calcium
(lasix/furosemide)
Hypercalcemia treatment
- administer IV fluids (0.9% NS)
- sodium increases kidney excretion of calcium