BCH 367 EXAM 1 REVIEW 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
All biomolecules can be divided into just ________ main categories - ANS four
Over _______ of the human body is made up of H, O, C, and N - ANS 99%
Proteins Structure - ANS linear polymer that folds into 3D structure
Monomers of proteins - ANS Amino Acids
Polymer bonds in protein - ANS Peptide bond
Major functions of proteins - ANS Signals, receptors, strucutre, mobility, defense, catalysis,
etc.
Nucleic acids structure - ANS Linear polymer that forms predictable base pairs
Monomers of nucleic acids - ANS nucleotides
Name of polymer bond in nucleic acids - ANS Phosphodiester bond
Major functions of nucleic acids - ANS Information storage and transfer
pg. 1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,Lipids Structure - ANS Dual chemical character with hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
# of Monomers in Proteins - ANS 20
# of Monomers in Nucleic Acids - ANS 4
Major Functions of Lipids - ANS Fuel storage, signaling, and barriers
Carbohydrates Structure - ANS Diverse structures, can form branched polymers
Monomers in carbohydrates - ANS Monosaccharides
# of monomers in carbohydrates - ANS MANY
Major functions of carbohydrates - ANS Fuel, cell identification, cell-to-cell interaction sites
Central dogma - ANS describes the basic principles of biological information transfer &
specifies the process through which we go from genetic information of DNA to the proteins that
perform so many cellular functions
Information Flow in Central Dogma - ANS Dna -> (transcription) RNA -> (translation) Protein
In replication.... - ANS Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = DNA ; Enzyme = DNA
Polymerase
In transcription... - ANS Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = RNA ; Enzyme =
RNA Polymerase
pg. 2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, In translation... - ANS Input Biomolecule = RNA ; Output Biomolecule = Protein ; Enzyme =
Ribosome
# of membranes in nucleus - ANS two
Fucntion of nucleus - ANS The information center that holds the DNA of the organism ;
Nuclear pores enable transport in and out
# of membrances in Mitochondria - ANS two
Function of Mitochondria - ANS Energy production centers that produce ATP through
respiration
# of membranes in chloroplasts - ANS two
Function of Chloroplasts - ANS Photosynthesis centers that convert light to chemical energy ;
Only in plants and algae
# of membranes in SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) - ANS one
Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS Membraous sack used for processing
exogenous chemicals ; Smooth, no ribosomes
# of membranes in RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum) - ANS one
Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS ER where proteins destined for cellular
membrances or for secretion are synthesized ; Rough due to ribosomes
# of membranes in Golgi Complex - ANS one
pg. 3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
All biomolecules can be divided into just ________ main categories - ANS four
Over _______ of the human body is made up of H, O, C, and N - ANS 99%
Proteins Structure - ANS linear polymer that folds into 3D structure
Monomers of proteins - ANS Amino Acids
Polymer bonds in protein - ANS Peptide bond
Major functions of proteins - ANS Signals, receptors, strucutre, mobility, defense, catalysis,
etc.
Nucleic acids structure - ANS Linear polymer that forms predictable base pairs
Monomers of nucleic acids - ANS nucleotides
Name of polymer bond in nucleic acids - ANS Phosphodiester bond
Major functions of nucleic acids - ANS Information storage and transfer
pg. 1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,Lipids Structure - ANS Dual chemical character with hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
# of Monomers in Proteins - ANS 20
# of Monomers in Nucleic Acids - ANS 4
Major Functions of Lipids - ANS Fuel storage, signaling, and barriers
Carbohydrates Structure - ANS Diverse structures, can form branched polymers
Monomers in carbohydrates - ANS Monosaccharides
# of monomers in carbohydrates - ANS MANY
Major functions of carbohydrates - ANS Fuel, cell identification, cell-to-cell interaction sites
Central dogma - ANS describes the basic principles of biological information transfer &
specifies the process through which we go from genetic information of DNA to the proteins that
perform so many cellular functions
Information Flow in Central Dogma - ANS Dna -> (transcription) RNA -> (translation) Protein
In replication.... - ANS Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = DNA ; Enzyme = DNA
Polymerase
In transcription... - ANS Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = RNA ; Enzyme =
RNA Polymerase
pg. 2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, In translation... - ANS Input Biomolecule = RNA ; Output Biomolecule = Protein ; Enzyme =
Ribosome
# of membranes in nucleus - ANS two
Fucntion of nucleus - ANS The information center that holds the DNA of the organism ;
Nuclear pores enable transport in and out
# of membrances in Mitochondria - ANS two
Function of Mitochondria - ANS Energy production centers that produce ATP through
respiration
# of membranes in chloroplasts - ANS two
Function of Chloroplasts - ANS Photosynthesis centers that convert light to chemical energy ;
Only in plants and algae
# of membranes in SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) - ANS one
Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS Membraous sack used for processing
exogenous chemicals ; Smooth, no ribosomes
# of membranes in RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum) - ANS one
Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS ER where proteins destined for cellular
membrances or for secretion are synthesized ; Rough due to ribosomes
# of membranes in Golgi Complex - ANS one
pg. 3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
