68W ALC Phase 3, LPC UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
1. pharmacology study of substances that interact with living
organisms through chemical processes
2. medical pharmacology science of substances used to prevent, diag-
nose and treat disease
3. indication reason or condition for which a particular
medication is given
4. dose amount of medication given within a speci-
fied period of time
5. single dose amount of medication administered at one
time
6. maximum dose the largest amount of medication either as a
single dose or within a period of time
7. cumulative dose sum of all single doses over either a lifetime
or a period of time
8. strength amount of medication contained per tablet,
capsule, suppository, etc
9. titration administering a medication with variable
strength, interval, and quantity to achieve and
maintain a desired observable physiological
effect (pain ctrl)
10. contraindication medical reason not to give a medication
11. absolute contraindication medical reason to NEVER give a medication
12. relative contraindication
, 68W ALC Phase 3, LPC UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
medical reason a medication should not be
given, but may be acceptable in certain cir-
cumstances
13. allergy immune response in which there is a hyper-
sensitivity response induced by exposure to a
particular medication
14. side effect unintended, but not surprising consequence
of a medication which may require a medica-
tion dose be changed or discontinued
15. therapeutic effect desired change in physiology for administer-
ing the medication
16. therapeutic level blood level of a medication required to
achieve the therapeutic effect
17. toxic level blood level of a medication which will cause
tissue damage
18. therapeutic range variable blood levels of a medication be-
tween the therapeutic level and the toxic level
19. therapeutic window range of acceptable DOSAGES of a medica-
tion needed to keep blood levels within the
therapeutic range
20. peak when medication is at its highest concentra-
tion
21. trough lowest blood level of a medication between
doses
, 68W ALC Phase 3, LPC UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
22. half-life time it takes for the body to eliminate half the
dose of medication
23. steady state relatively constant blood level of medication
which is sustained after 5-6 half lives of a
medication
24. tolerance when the body has adapted to having a med-
ication regularly and now requires a higher
or more frequent doses to achieve the thera-
peutic effect
25. resistance when infectious organisms adapt to antibi-
otics and it takes either higher doses of same
medication or a change to a different med-
ication to kill the organisms
26. metabolism process of the body to break down and elim-
inate medications most metabolized by the
liver or kidneys
27. dosing interval recommended time period between doses of
a medication
28. onset time until a medication's therapeutic effect
begins
29. duration of effect time until the medication's therapeutic effect
wears off
30. duration of therapy length of time a course of medication is con-
tinued to ensure the desired effect is main-
tained
, 68W ALC Phase 3, LPC UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
31. dosing parameters the limitations, considerations, and instruc-
tions required regarding a medication; helps
achieve the desired physiological response
minimize side effects
32. Body weight, Comorbidities, Age What are factors that affect dosing
33. Importance for patients to understand -too little: not achieve therapeutic effects
dosing parameters -too much: increased side effects/toxic levels
34. Antibiotics Medications which kill or inhibit the repro-
duction of bacteria
35. Gram Stain Testing Categorizes bacteria classification based
upon chemical properties in the cell's mem-
brane.
36. Gram positive Indicates the presence of peptidoglycan
37. Peptidoglycan the substance that forms a tough, rigid struc-
ture of the bacterium cell wall
38. Gram Negative the cell membrane outer structure consists
of a cytoplasmic membrane surrounded by a
thin layer of peptidoglycan.
39. Aerobic bacteria that thrives only in an oxygen envi-
ronment
40. Anaerobic bacteria that grow well in the absence of oxy-
gen
41. Viruses and fungi Antibiotics are not effective on what?
CORRECT Answers
1. pharmacology study of substances that interact with living
organisms through chemical processes
2. medical pharmacology science of substances used to prevent, diag-
nose and treat disease
3. indication reason or condition for which a particular
medication is given
4. dose amount of medication given within a speci-
fied period of time
5. single dose amount of medication administered at one
time
6. maximum dose the largest amount of medication either as a
single dose or within a period of time
7. cumulative dose sum of all single doses over either a lifetime
or a period of time
8. strength amount of medication contained per tablet,
capsule, suppository, etc
9. titration administering a medication with variable
strength, interval, and quantity to achieve and
maintain a desired observable physiological
effect (pain ctrl)
10. contraindication medical reason not to give a medication
11. absolute contraindication medical reason to NEVER give a medication
12. relative contraindication
, 68W ALC Phase 3, LPC UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
medical reason a medication should not be
given, but may be acceptable in certain cir-
cumstances
13. allergy immune response in which there is a hyper-
sensitivity response induced by exposure to a
particular medication
14. side effect unintended, but not surprising consequence
of a medication which may require a medica-
tion dose be changed or discontinued
15. therapeutic effect desired change in physiology for administer-
ing the medication
16. therapeutic level blood level of a medication required to
achieve the therapeutic effect
17. toxic level blood level of a medication which will cause
tissue damage
18. therapeutic range variable blood levels of a medication be-
tween the therapeutic level and the toxic level
19. therapeutic window range of acceptable DOSAGES of a medica-
tion needed to keep blood levels within the
therapeutic range
20. peak when medication is at its highest concentra-
tion
21. trough lowest blood level of a medication between
doses
, 68W ALC Phase 3, LPC UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
22. half-life time it takes for the body to eliminate half the
dose of medication
23. steady state relatively constant blood level of medication
which is sustained after 5-6 half lives of a
medication
24. tolerance when the body has adapted to having a med-
ication regularly and now requires a higher
or more frequent doses to achieve the thera-
peutic effect
25. resistance when infectious organisms adapt to antibi-
otics and it takes either higher doses of same
medication or a change to a different med-
ication to kill the organisms
26. metabolism process of the body to break down and elim-
inate medications most metabolized by the
liver or kidneys
27. dosing interval recommended time period between doses of
a medication
28. onset time until a medication's therapeutic effect
begins
29. duration of effect time until the medication's therapeutic effect
wears off
30. duration of therapy length of time a course of medication is con-
tinued to ensure the desired effect is main-
tained
, 68W ALC Phase 3, LPC UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
31. dosing parameters the limitations, considerations, and instruc-
tions required regarding a medication; helps
achieve the desired physiological response
minimize side effects
32. Body weight, Comorbidities, Age What are factors that affect dosing
33. Importance for patients to understand -too little: not achieve therapeutic effects
dosing parameters -too much: increased side effects/toxic levels
34. Antibiotics Medications which kill or inhibit the repro-
duction of bacteria
35. Gram Stain Testing Categorizes bacteria classification based
upon chemical properties in the cell's mem-
brane.
36. Gram positive Indicates the presence of peptidoglycan
37. Peptidoglycan the substance that forms a tough, rigid struc-
ture of the bacterium cell wall
38. Gram Negative the cell membrane outer structure consists
of a cytoplasmic membrane surrounded by a
thin layer of peptidoglycan.
39. Aerobic bacteria that thrives only in an oxygen envi-
ronment
40. Anaerobic bacteria that grow well in the absence of oxy-
gen
41. Viruses and fungi Antibiotics are not effective on what?
