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Summary French Revolution 1789

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The French Revolution was a period of radical social, political, and economic change in France that began in 1789 and lasted until 1799. It marked the end of absolute monarchy, challenged the privileges of the nobility and clergy, and led to the rise of republican ideals based on liberty, equality, and fraternity. The Revolution was fueled by social inequality, financial crises, and the influence of Enlightenment ideas. Key events include the Storming of the Bastille (14 July 1789), the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, and the eventual execution of King Louis XVI. It ultimately reshaped France and influenced revolutions worldwide.

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■ History Notes: The French Revolution (1789)


■ Causes:
Social 3 Estates → Clergy & Nobles enjoyed privileges, 3rd Estate paid all taxes.
Economic France in debt, heavy taxes, poor harvests, food shortage.
Political Absolute monarchy, Estates-General unfair.
Intellectual Enlightenment thinkers & American Revolution inspired people.



■ Main Events:
1789 Estates-General, Tennis Court Oath.
14 July 1789 Storming of the Bastille.
1789-91 Abolition of feudalism, Rights of Man declared.
1793 Execution of King Louis XVI & Queen Marie Antoinette.
1793-94 Reign of Terror under Robespierre.
1799 Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte.



■ Effects:
• End of monarchy in France.
• Ideas of liberty, equality, fraternity spread.
• Inspired revolutions across the world.
• Rise of nationalism.
• Foundation of modern democracy.

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