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14th Global Edition By Richard C. Dorf
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Chapters 1 - 13, Complete
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,1. Introduction to Control Systems ............................................................. 1
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2. Mathematical Models of Systems ......................................................... 20
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3. State Variable Models............................................................................ 79
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4. Feedback Control System Characteristics........................................... 126
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5. The Performance of Feedback Control Systems............................... 166
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6. The Stability of Linear Feedback Systems ...................................... 216
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7. The Root Locus Method .................................................................... 257
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8. Frequency Response Methods ............................................................. 359
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9. Stability in the Frequency Domain ................................................... 420
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10. The Design of Feedback Control Systems........................................ 492
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11. The Design of State Variable Feedback Systems ............................ 574
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12. Robust Control Systems ..................................................................... 633
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13. Digital Control Systems ..................................................................... 691
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,Introduction to Control Systems b b b
There are, in general, no unique solutions to the following exercises and
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problems. Other equally valid block diagrams may be submitted by the
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student.
b
Exercises
E1.1 A microprocessor controlled laser system:
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Error Current i(t) b
Desired Power
bpower - out
boutput
Measured
b power
E1.2 A driver controlled cruise control system:
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Controller
Foot pedal
Desired
b
Car and b
Actual
Driver
bspeed - Engine
b
auto
bspeed
Measurement
Visual indication
b
Speedometer
E1.3 b bAlthough the principle of conservation of momentum explains much
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b of the process of fly-casting, there does not exist a comprehensive scientific
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b explanation of how a fly-fisher uses the small backward and forward mo- tion
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b of the fly rod to cast an almost weightless fly lure long distances (the
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1
, 2 CHAPTER 1 b b b Introduction to Control Systems b b b
current world-record is 236 ft). The fly lure is attached to a short invisible
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leader about 15-ft long, which is in turn attached to a longer and thicker
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Dacron line. The objective is cast the fly lure to a distant spot with dead- eye
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accuracy so that the thicker part of the line touches the water first and then
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the fly gently settles on the water just as an insect might.
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Wind
Controller
Mind and b
Actual
of
b - body of the
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cast b positio
b b
n b of
fly fly-fisher
b
bthe bfly
Measurement
b of
Visual bindication b
b ofbthe bposition
bof b the bfly
E1.4 An autofocus camera control system:
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One-way trip time for the beam
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Conversionbfactor
1
b
b (speed b of b light b or
sound)
Distance bto bsubject
Emitter/
b
Lens