NSG 5140 EXAM 1|| ACCURATE AND FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|| LATEST 2025/2026 COMPLETE UPDATE WITH EXPERT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS|| SURE PASS!!

NSG 5140 EXAM 1|| ACCURATE AND FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|| LATEST 2025/2026 COMPLETE UPDATE WITH EXPERT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS|| SURE PASS!! Pancreas - CORRECT ANS What organ is responsible for insulin levels? Aplha cells - CORRECT ANS What produces Glucagon? -Stimulates breakdown of glycogen in liver (glycogenolysis) -Stimulates formation of Carbohydrates in Liver -Stimulates breakdown of lipids *Blood glucose level regulate how much glucagon is secreted* - CORRECT ANS What does Glucagon do? Beta cells - CORRECT ANS -Secrete insulin, which decreases blood glucose -Secretion is regulated by blood glucose levels Delta cells - CORRECT ANS -Produces somatostatin, which inhibits production of glucagon and insulin -Balances alpha and beta cell function Adrenal glands - CORRECT ANS What releases Epinephrine? Pituitary - CORRECT ANS What releases the Growth Hormone? Adrenal glands - CORRECT ANS What releases Cortisol? Glucagon Epinephrine Growth Hormone Cortisol - CORRECT ANS What hormones cause blood glucose levels to rise? Type 1 Diabetes - CORRECT ANS Insulin dependent or juvenile onset Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Diabetes - CORRECT ANS Non-insulin dependent or adult onset Diabetes Mellitus Also includes Prediabetes and Gestational DM Contributing factors to Type 1 DM - CORRECT ANS -Strongly inherited -Exposure to virus Contributing factors to Type 2 DM - CORRECT ANS -Older age -Obesity -Family History -Gestational DM -Physical activity -Certain ethnic populations *90-95% of people with DM* Prediabetes - CORRECT ANS -OGTT of 140-199 -Fasting Glucose 100-129 -Intermediate stage between homeostasis and diabetes Gestational DM - CORRECT ANS -Glucose intolerance during pregnancy -Affects 5% of the population -Symptoms disappear after pregnancy Diagnosis of DM - CORRECT ANS -Fasting glucose 126 -2 hr post GTT 200 Somagyi Effect - CORRECT ANS Night time hypoglycemia after evening doses of insulin cause the counterregulatory hormones to increase blood sugar Dawn Phenomenon - CORRECT ANS Awakening hyperglycemia caused by growth hormone and cortisol especially in children and adolescents Inhaled Insulin - CORRECT ANS -Rapid acting insulin that is inhaled -Administered at the beginning of each meal or 20 minutes after starting a meal -Don't give to COPD or asthmatic patients *Not a substitute for long-acting insulin* Oral and Non-insulin injectable agents - CORRECT ANS Works on: Insulin resistance Decreased insulin production Increased hepatic glucose production Carbohydrate intake - CORRECT ANS -Insulin is based on how many carbs are ingested -Adults should keep between 45-60 g -For every 5g, a certain amount of insulin is given