2026 OCN Oncology Certified Nurse Exam New
Latest Version with All Questions from Actual
Exam 100% Correct Answers and Rationale
Section 1: Care Continuum (Questions 1–17)
1. A 45-year-old patient with a family history of breast cancer presents for screening. What
is the recommended initial assessment?
A) Mammogram and BRCA testing.
B) Routine physical exam only.
C) No screening.
D) CT scan.
Correct Answer: A) Mammogram and BRCA testing.
Rationale: Family history warrants early screening and genetic testing per NCCN
guidelines. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Screening and prevention.
2. A patient newly diagnosed with lung cancer. What is the priority in the diagnostic phase?
A) Staging with CT and biopsy.
B) Immediate chemotherapy.
C) Pain management only.
D) No staging.
Correct Answer: A) Staging with CT and biopsy.
Rationale: Staging determines treatment plan. Content Outline: Care Continuum –
Diagnosis.
3. A survivor of Hodgkin lymphoma reports fatigue. What survivorship assessment?
A) Screen for late effects like thyroid dysfunction.
B) No screening.
C) Routine vitals only.
D) Ignore fatigue.
Correct Answer: A) Screen for late effects like thyroid dysfunction.
Rationale: Survivors are at risk for secondary malignancies and endocrine issues. Content
Outline: Care Continuum – Survivorship.
4. A patient in end-of-life care requests hospice. What is the nurse's role?
A) Facilitate transition to palliative care.
B) Continue aggressive treatment.
C) No facilitation.
D) Discharge home.
Correct Answer: A) Facilitate transition to palliative care.
Rationale: Supports patient wishes. Content Outline: Care Continuum – End-of-life care.
5. A 50-year-old smoker with cough. What prevention assessment?
A) Low-dose CT for lung cancer screening.
B) No screening.
C) Chest X-ray only.
D) Ignore smoking.
Correct Answer: A) Low-dose CT for lung cancer screening.
, Rationale: USPSTF recommends for high-risk individuals. Content Outline: Care
Continuum – Prevention.
6. A patient with colon cancer. What diagnostic test?
A) Colonoscopy with biopsy.
B) CT scan only.
C) No biopsy.
D) Blood test.
Correct Answer: A) Colonoscopy with biopsy.
Rationale: Confirms diagnosis and staging. Content Outline: Care Continuum –
Diagnosis.
7. A breast cancer survivor has lymphedema. What survivorship care?
A) Compression and exercise.
B) No care.
C) Surgery.
D) Ignore lymphedema.
Correct Answer: A) Compression and exercise.
Rationale: Manages late effects. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Survivorship.
8. A patient with advanced cancer has dyspnea. What end-of-life intervention?
A) Opioids and fan therapy.
B) No intervention.
C) Chemotherapy.
D) Discharge.
Correct Answer: A) Opioids and fan therapy.
Rationale: Palliative symptom management. Content Outline: Care Continuum – End-of-
life.
9. A 60-year-old with family history of prostate cancer. What screening?
A) PSA and DRE starting at 50.
B) No screening.
C) MRI only.
D) Ignore family history.
Correct Answer: A) PSA and DRE starting at 50.
Rationale: AUA guidelines for high-risk. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Prevention.
10. A patient with leukemia. What diagnostic test?
A) Bone marrow biopsy.
B) CT scan only.
C) No biopsy.
D) Blood test.
Correct Answer: A) Bone marrow biopsy.
Rationale: Confirms leukemia type. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Diagnosis.
11. A head and neck cancer survivor has xerostomia. What survivorship care?
A) Salivary substitutes and oral hygiene.
B) No care.
C) Radiation.
D) Ignore xerostomia.
Correct Answer: A) Salivary substitutes and oral hygiene.
Rationale: Manages late effects. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Survivorship.
, 12. A patient in hospice with pain. What end-of-life plan?
A) Palliative sedation if refractory.
B) No sedation.
C) Chemotherapy.
D) Discharge.
Correct Answer: A) Palliative sedation if refractory.
Rationale: Controls refractory symptoms. Content Outline: Care Continuum – End-of-
life.
13. A 55-year-old with smoking history. What prevention?
A) Annual low-dose CT for lung cancer.
B) No screening.
C) Chest X-ray.
D) Ignore smoking.
Correct Answer: A) Annual low-dose CT for lung cancer.
Rationale: USPSTF for ages 50–80 with 20 pack-year history. Content Outline: Care
Continuum – Prevention.
14. A patient with breast cancer. What diagnostic?
A) Mammogram and biopsy.
B) CT scan only.
C) No biopsy.
D) Blood test.
Correct Answer: A) Mammogram and biopsy.
Rationale: Confirms diagnosis. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Diagnosis.
15. A lymphoma survivor has cardiac toxicity. What survivorship?
A) Echocardiogram screening.
B) No screening.
C) Chemotherapy.
D) Ignore toxicity.
Correct Answer: A) Echocardiogram screening.
Rationale: Monitors anthracycline effects. Content Outline: Care Continuum –
Survivorship.
16. A patient with terminal cancer has nausea. What end-of-life?
A) Ondansetron and palliative care.
B) No medication.
C) Chemotherapy.
D) Discharge.
Correct Answer: A) Ondansetron and palliative care.
Rationale: Symptom management. Content Outline: Care Continuum – End-of-life.
17. A 65-year-old with family history of melanoma. What prevention?
A) Skin exam and sun protection education.
B) No screening.
C) Biopsy.
D) Ignore family history.
Correct Answer: A) Skin exam and sun protection education.
Rationale: AAD guidelines for high-risk. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Prevention.
Section 2: Oncology Treatment Modalities (Questions 18–50)
Latest Version with All Questions from Actual
Exam 100% Correct Answers and Rationale
Section 1: Care Continuum (Questions 1–17)
1. A 45-year-old patient with a family history of breast cancer presents for screening. What
is the recommended initial assessment?
A) Mammogram and BRCA testing.
B) Routine physical exam only.
C) No screening.
D) CT scan.
Correct Answer: A) Mammogram and BRCA testing.
Rationale: Family history warrants early screening and genetic testing per NCCN
guidelines. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Screening and prevention.
2. A patient newly diagnosed with lung cancer. What is the priority in the diagnostic phase?
A) Staging with CT and biopsy.
B) Immediate chemotherapy.
C) Pain management only.
D) No staging.
Correct Answer: A) Staging with CT and biopsy.
Rationale: Staging determines treatment plan. Content Outline: Care Continuum –
Diagnosis.
3. A survivor of Hodgkin lymphoma reports fatigue. What survivorship assessment?
A) Screen for late effects like thyroid dysfunction.
B) No screening.
C) Routine vitals only.
D) Ignore fatigue.
Correct Answer: A) Screen for late effects like thyroid dysfunction.
Rationale: Survivors are at risk for secondary malignancies and endocrine issues. Content
Outline: Care Continuum – Survivorship.
4. A patient in end-of-life care requests hospice. What is the nurse's role?
A) Facilitate transition to palliative care.
B) Continue aggressive treatment.
C) No facilitation.
D) Discharge home.
Correct Answer: A) Facilitate transition to palliative care.
Rationale: Supports patient wishes. Content Outline: Care Continuum – End-of-life care.
5. A 50-year-old smoker with cough. What prevention assessment?
A) Low-dose CT for lung cancer screening.
B) No screening.
C) Chest X-ray only.
D) Ignore smoking.
Correct Answer: A) Low-dose CT for lung cancer screening.
, Rationale: USPSTF recommends for high-risk individuals. Content Outline: Care
Continuum – Prevention.
6. A patient with colon cancer. What diagnostic test?
A) Colonoscopy with biopsy.
B) CT scan only.
C) No biopsy.
D) Blood test.
Correct Answer: A) Colonoscopy with biopsy.
Rationale: Confirms diagnosis and staging. Content Outline: Care Continuum –
Diagnosis.
7. A breast cancer survivor has lymphedema. What survivorship care?
A) Compression and exercise.
B) No care.
C) Surgery.
D) Ignore lymphedema.
Correct Answer: A) Compression and exercise.
Rationale: Manages late effects. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Survivorship.
8. A patient with advanced cancer has dyspnea. What end-of-life intervention?
A) Opioids and fan therapy.
B) No intervention.
C) Chemotherapy.
D) Discharge.
Correct Answer: A) Opioids and fan therapy.
Rationale: Palliative symptom management. Content Outline: Care Continuum – End-of-
life.
9. A 60-year-old with family history of prostate cancer. What screening?
A) PSA and DRE starting at 50.
B) No screening.
C) MRI only.
D) Ignore family history.
Correct Answer: A) PSA and DRE starting at 50.
Rationale: AUA guidelines for high-risk. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Prevention.
10. A patient with leukemia. What diagnostic test?
A) Bone marrow biopsy.
B) CT scan only.
C) No biopsy.
D) Blood test.
Correct Answer: A) Bone marrow biopsy.
Rationale: Confirms leukemia type. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Diagnosis.
11. A head and neck cancer survivor has xerostomia. What survivorship care?
A) Salivary substitutes and oral hygiene.
B) No care.
C) Radiation.
D) Ignore xerostomia.
Correct Answer: A) Salivary substitutes and oral hygiene.
Rationale: Manages late effects. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Survivorship.
, 12. A patient in hospice with pain. What end-of-life plan?
A) Palliative sedation if refractory.
B) No sedation.
C) Chemotherapy.
D) Discharge.
Correct Answer: A) Palliative sedation if refractory.
Rationale: Controls refractory symptoms. Content Outline: Care Continuum – End-of-
life.
13. A 55-year-old with smoking history. What prevention?
A) Annual low-dose CT for lung cancer.
B) No screening.
C) Chest X-ray.
D) Ignore smoking.
Correct Answer: A) Annual low-dose CT for lung cancer.
Rationale: USPSTF for ages 50–80 with 20 pack-year history. Content Outline: Care
Continuum – Prevention.
14. A patient with breast cancer. What diagnostic?
A) Mammogram and biopsy.
B) CT scan only.
C) No biopsy.
D) Blood test.
Correct Answer: A) Mammogram and biopsy.
Rationale: Confirms diagnosis. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Diagnosis.
15. A lymphoma survivor has cardiac toxicity. What survivorship?
A) Echocardiogram screening.
B) No screening.
C) Chemotherapy.
D) Ignore toxicity.
Correct Answer: A) Echocardiogram screening.
Rationale: Monitors anthracycline effects. Content Outline: Care Continuum –
Survivorship.
16. A patient with terminal cancer has nausea. What end-of-life?
A) Ondansetron and palliative care.
B) No medication.
C) Chemotherapy.
D) Discharge.
Correct Answer: A) Ondansetron and palliative care.
Rationale: Symptom management. Content Outline: Care Continuum – End-of-life.
17. A 65-year-old with family history of melanoma. What prevention?
A) Skin exam and sun protection education.
B) No screening.
C) Biopsy.
D) Ignore family history.
Correct Answer: A) Skin exam and sun protection education.
Rationale: AAD guidelines for high-risk. Content Outline: Care Continuum – Prevention.
Section 2: Oncology Treatment Modalities (Questions 18–50)
