NU 301 HTN EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2025/2026.
Hypertension (HTN) - ANS A common and controllable chronic condition that is a risk factor
for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, stroke, kidney failure, vision loss,
dementia, and circulation problems such as peripheral artery disease.
Blood Pressure (BP) - ANS The force exerted by blood as it moves through vessels.
Cardiac Output (CO) - ANS The total volume of blood pumped per minute.
Peripheral Vascular Resistance (PVR) - ANS The force opposing the movement of blood in the
vessels, largely determined by arteriole diameter or how tight the smooth muscle tone is.
Primary Hypertension - ANS Accounts for 90-95% of cases and has no single identifiable
cause, theorized to be multifactorial with polygenic and environmental interactions.
Secondary Hypertension - ANS Accounts for 5-10% of cases and has a specific identifiable
cause.
Risk Factors for Hypertension - ANS Includes obesity, physical inactivity, increased serum
lipids, high sodium diets, socioeconomic status, elevated stress, age, gender, ethnicity, family
history, alcohol abuse, tobacco use, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, and endocrine disorders.
1 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, Prehypertension - ANS A condition where blood pressure is elevated but not yet in the
hypertensive range.
Systolic Pressure - ANS The pressure in the arteries when the heart beats.
Diastolic Pressure - ANS The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.
African Americans and Hypertension - ANS Have the highest incidence globally, often occur
at a younger age, and have more aggressive disease resulting in severe target organ failure.
Calcium Channel Blockers and Diuretics - ANS Medications likely better for treating
hypertension in African Americans.
Target Organ Damage Complications - ANS Includes cardiac complications like CAD,
cerebrovascular issues like TIA and CVA, eye problems like retinopathy, peripheral vascular
issues like aortic aneurysms, and renal issues like nephrosclerosis.
Taking Accurate Blood Pressure - ANS Requires no caffeine, smoking, or exercise 30 minutes
prior, patient to rest quietly for 5 minutes, seated with arms bare, and using a properly fitted
cuff.
Art line - ANS An arterial line is a thin catheter inserted into an artery to provide continuous
blood pressure monitoring and easy access for arterial blood sampling.
Common Insertion Sites for Art line - ANS Include radial artery, femoral artery, brachial
artery, and rarely dorsalis pedis or posterior tibial artery.
Hypertension Diagnosis Criteria - ANS Diagnosed on average of 2 or more properly measured
readings on 2 or more office visits.
Heart Rate (HR) - ANS The number of beats per minute.
2 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
100% CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2025/2026.
Hypertension (HTN) - ANS A common and controllable chronic condition that is a risk factor
for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, stroke, kidney failure, vision loss,
dementia, and circulation problems such as peripheral artery disease.
Blood Pressure (BP) - ANS The force exerted by blood as it moves through vessels.
Cardiac Output (CO) - ANS The total volume of blood pumped per minute.
Peripheral Vascular Resistance (PVR) - ANS The force opposing the movement of blood in the
vessels, largely determined by arteriole diameter or how tight the smooth muscle tone is.
Primary Hypertension - ANS Accounts for 90-95% of cases and has no single identifiable
cause, theorized to be multifactorial with polygenic and environmental interactions.
Secondary Hypertension - ANS Accounts for 5-10% of cases and has a specific identifiable
cause.
Risk Factors for Hypertension - ANS Includes obesity, physical inactivity, increased serum
lipids, high sodium diets, socioeconomic status, elevated stress, age, gender, ethnicity, family
history, alcohol abuse, tobacco use, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, and endocrine disorders.
1 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, Prehypertension - ANS A condition where blood pressure is elevated but not yet in the
hypertensive range.
Systolic Pressure - ANS The pressure in the arteries when the heart beats.
Diastolic Pressure - ANS The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.
African Americans and Hypertension - ANS Have the highest incidence globally, often occur
at a younger age, and have more aggressive disease resulting in severe target organ failure.
Calcium Channel Blockers and Diuretics - ANS Medications likely better for treating
hypertension in African Americans.
Target Organ Damage Complications - ANS Includes cardiac complications like CAD,
cerebrovascular issues like TIA and CVA, eye problems like retinopathy, peripheral vascular
issues like aortic aneurysms, and renal issues like nephrosclerosis.
Taking Accurate Blood Pressure - ANS Requires no caffeine, smoking, or exercise 30 minutes
prior, patient to rest quietly for 5 minutes, seated with arms bare, and using a properly fitted
cuff.
Art line - ANS An arterial line is a thin catheter inserted into an artery to provide continuous
blood pressure monitoring and easy access for arterial blood sampling.
Common Insertion Sites for Art line - ANS Include radial artery, femoral artery, brachial
artery, and rarely dorsalis pedis or posterior tibial artery.
Hypertension Diagnosis Criteria - ANS Diagnosed on average of 2 or more properly measured
readings on 2 or more office visits.
Heart Rate (HR) - ANS The number of beats per minute.
2 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
