ATI RN FUNDAMENTALS 2025. 100% COMPLETE ATI FUNDAMENTALS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE.

ATI RN FUNDAMENTALS 2025. 100% COMPLETE ATI FUNDAMENTALS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE. Telephone orders: best practice - CORRECT ANShave a second RN listen in -repeat the prescription back -make sure the provider signs the prescription within 24 hr Information Security - CORRECT ANSHIPPA: ensures confidentiality of health info -Only those responsible for patient's care may access the medical record. -Do not use patient names on display boards -communication about the pt should happen in a private place or at the nurse's station -password protect electronic records. Do not share passwords. -Do not share pt information with unauthorized people. code system can be used. living will - CORRECT ANScommunicates patient's wishes regarding medical treatment if patient becomes incapacitated. DPOA - CORRECT ANSdurable power of attorney patient designates health care proxy to make medical decisions for them if they become incapacitated. Provider's orders - CORRECT ANSPrescription for DNR and/or AND Mandatory reporting for RN - CORRECT ANSsuspicion of abuse (child, elderly, domestic violence) -communicable diseases to local/state health department (mandated by state) informed consent: Provider responsibility - CORRECT ANScommunicate purpose of procedure, and complete description of procedure in the patient's primary language (use medical interpreter if needed) -explain risks vs. benefits -describe other options to treat the condition informed consent: RN responsibility - CORRECT ANSensure the provider gave the pt the above information -ensure pt is competent to give informed consent (adult, emancipated minor, not impaired) -have patient sign consent document -notify provider if pt has more questions or doesn't understand any information provided. nonspecific immunity - CORRECT ANSdefense mechanisms (barriers) in the body that respond immediately to all antigens. Barriers include: skin, stomach acid, mucus, inflammatory response, phagocytic cells. specific adaptive immunity - CORRECT ANSbody produces antibodies in response to a specific antigen through action of B and T lymphocytes. Requires more time, but the immune response against that antigen in the future is more efficient. incubation - CORRECT ANStime from when the pathogen enters the body until the first symptom appears. prodromal stage - CORRECT ANStime from the onset of general symptoms (malaise, fatigue) to specific symptoms. illness stage - CORRECT ANStime when specific symptoms occur convalescence - CORRECT ANStime from when symptoms disappear to complete recovery (can take months) primary prevention - CORRECT ANSprevents initial occurrence of disease ex: education, immunizations, prenatal classes secondary prevention - CORRECT ANSfocuses on early detection of disease, limiting severity of disease. ex: screenings, control of outbreaks tertiary prevention - CORRECT ANSmaximize recovery after injury /illness ex: rehab, PT/OT, support groups active natural immunity - CORRECT ANSbody produces antibodies in response to exposure to live pathogen active artificial immunity - CORRECT ANSbody produces antibodies in response to vaccine passive natural immunity - CORRECT ANSantibodies are passed from the mom to her baby through the placenta or breast milk passive artificial immunity - CORRECT ANSimmunoglobulins are administered to an individual after they have been exposed to a pathogen ABCDE Principle - CORRECT ANSA (airway): ensure pt airway. Stabilize cervical spine if neck/head trauma is suspected B (breathing): assess for respirations C (circulation): check heart rate, blood pressure, and capillary refill D (disability): assess the patient's level of consciousness E (exposure): assess the patient's body for trauma, exposure to heat/cold Using an interpreter - CORRECT ANSDO NOT use patient's family or friends -use certified medical interpreter -explain purpose of meeting to interpreter prior to approaching the patient -direct questions at family, not interpreter -use layman's terms (NOT medical jargon) -DO NOT supplement words with gestures or nonverbal reinforcement nursing care: Hearing loss - CORRECT ANSface the pt and avoid covering your mouth -speak slowly and clearly; use brief sentences -try lowering vocal pitch -do not shout -use sign-language interpreter, or write down communication nursing care: aphasia - CORRECT ANSspeak clearly and slowly, using short sentences -make sure only one person speaks at a time -give patient plenty of time to respond -tell patients if you do not understand them preventing pressure injuries and skin damage - CORRECT ANSturn patient Q2 -limit chair/wheelchair sitting to one hour, advise pt to shift weight every 15 minutes, use pressure- relieving device -ensure proper hydration and nutrition (especially protein) -keep HOB =30 degrees. rise heels off of bed. -lift (vs pull) patients up in bed -DO NOT massage bony prominences DO NOT use powder or cornstarch Components of pain assessment - CORRECT ANSlocation of pain -quality (how it feels: burning) -intensity (pain scale from 0-10) -timing (onset, duration, frequency) -setting ( how it affects patient's ADLs) -associated symptoms (nausea, fatigue) -aggravating/ relieving factors (what makes it better or worse) Wound Healing: Primary Intention - CORRECT ANSwound edges approximated (sutures/staples). Heals quickly, minimal scarring Wound Healing: Secondary Intention - CORRECT ANSwound edges widely separated. Longer healing time, scarring, increased infection risk. Wound Healing: Tertiary Intention - CORRECT ANSwound left open to address infection and then close at a later time Factors that delay wound healing - CORRECT ANSold age, decreased immune function, impaired nutrition (especially protein!), decreased perfusion, smoking Denture Care - CORRECT ANSremove upper dentures by pulling down and out -remove lower dentures by pulling up and out -brush w/ toothbrush and denture cleaner - store in cup (labeled) with water to keep moist oral hygiene for unconscious patients - CORRECT ANShave suction available -do not put fingers in patients mouth -position patient on side, with head turned towards you. allows oral secretions to drain out, and prevents aspiration nursing care for a patient with dysphagia - CORRECT ANSplace patient in Fowler's or high-fowlers position -give one med at a time -lightly stroke chin/throat to promote swallowing -thicken thin liquids -check for food pockets in mouth before feeding -encourage pt to tuck their chin when swallowing -monitor pt during meals, have suction set up -avoid straws key conversions for dosage calculations - CORRECT ANS1mg = 1,000 mcg 1 g = 1,000 mg 1 oz = 30 ml 1 tsp = 5 ml 1 tbsp= 15 ml 1 tbsp = 3 tsp 1 kg = 2.2 kg 1 gr = 60 mg Tracheostomy care - CORRECT ANSgive oral care every 2 hours, tracheostomy care every every 8 hours -suction tracheostomy PRN (not routinely) -apply oxygen loosely if patient's spo2 decreases during procedure -use split gauze dressing under tracheostomy plate ( do not cut gauze) -replace trach ties as needed. secure new ties before removing soiled ones home care: cleanse w/ NS using medical asepsis, cover tract when outside pulses - CORRECT ANSnormal range for adults: 60-100 (120-160 bpm for infants) rhythm: regular/irregular equality: right vs. left side pulses strength: 0 (absent) 1 + (diminishes) 2 + (normal) 3 + (strong) 4 + (bounding) Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSheart rate greater than 100 bpm causes: fever, exercise, meds, pain, stress, hypovolemia, hyperthyroidism Bradycardia - CORRECT ANSheart rate less than 60 bpm causes: meds, athletes, hypothyroidism, hypothermia