Genetics From Genes to Genomes
(Chapter 2) Questions with Correct
Answers
genes - ANSWERSa specific segment of DNA in a discrete region of a chromosome
that serves as a unit of function by encoding a particular RNA or protein.
heredity - ANSWERSthe way genes transmit physiological, physical, and behavioral
traits from parents to offspring.
genetics - ANSWERSthe science of heredity.
artificial selection - ANSWERSthe purposeful control of mating by choice of parents for
the next generation.
self-fertilization (selfing) - ANSWERSfertilization in which both egg and pollen come
from the same plant or animal.
cross-fertilize (cross) - ANSWERSbrushing the pollen from one plant onto the female
organ of another plant.
discrete traits - ANSWERSan inherited trait that clearly exhibits an either/or status (that
is, purple vs. white flowers). Synonymous with discontinuous trait.
continuous traits - ANSWERSan inherited trait that exhibits many intermediate forms; a
trait determined by alleles of many different genes whose interaction with each other
and possible also the environment produces the phenotype. Also called a quantitative
trait.
pure-breeding lines (aka true-breeding) - ANSWERSfamilies of organisms that produce
offspring with specific parental traits that remain constant from generation to generation.
reciprocal crosses - ANSWERScrosses performed in two directions, with the traits in the
males and females reversed relative to the other, thereby controlling whether a
particular trait is transmitted by the male or female gamete.
parental (P) generation - ANSWERSindividuals whose progeny in subsequent
generations will be studied for specific traits.
first filial (F1) generation - ANSWERSprogeny of the parental generation in a controlled
series of crosses.
(Chapter 2) Questions with Correct
Answers
genes - ANSWERSa specific segment of DNA in a discrete region of a chromosome
that serves as a unit of function by encoding a particular RNA or protein.
heredity - ANSWERSthe way genes transmit physiological, physical, and behavioral
traits from parents to offspring.
genetics - ANSWERSthe science of heredity.
artificial selection - ANSWERSthe purposeful control of mating by choice of parents for
the next generation.
self-fertilization (selfing) - ANSWERSfertilization in which both egg and pollen come
from the same plant or animal.
cross-fertilize (cross) - ANSWERSbrushing the pollen from one plant onto the female
organ of another plant.
discrete traits - ANSWERSan inherited trait that clearly exhibits an either/or status (that
is, purple vs. white flowers). Synonymous with discontinuous trait.
continuous traits - ANSWERSan inherited trait that exhibits many intermediate forms; a
trait determined by alleles of many different genes whose interaction with each other
and possible also the environment produces the phenotype. Also called a quantitative
trait.
pure-breeding lines (aka true-breeding) - ANSWERSfamilies of organisms that produce
offspring with specific parental traits that remain constant from generation to generation.
reciprocal crosses - ANSWERScrosses performed in two directions, with the traits in the
males and females reversed relative to the other, thereby controlling whether a
particular trait is transmitted by the male or female gamete.
parental (P) generation - ANSWERSindividuals whose progeny in subsequent
generations will be studied for specific traits.
first filial (F1) generation - ANSWERSprogeny of the parental generation in a controlled
series of crosses.
