Portage Learning BIOD 171 Microbiology
Lecture Exams 1–6 | All Correct Answers |
Study Aid
BIOD 171 Microbiology MCQs – Part 1
1. Who is considered the "father of microbiology"?
A. Robert Koch
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Joseph Lister
D. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
2. Which type of microscope provides the highest resolution?
A. Light microscope
B. Scanning electron microscope
C. Transmission electron microscope
D. Phase-contrast microscope
3. Prokaryotic cells lack which of the following structures?
A. Ribosomes
B. Plasma membrane
C. Nucleus
D. Cytoplasm
4. Which bacterial shape is spherical?
A. Bacillus
B. Coccus
C. Spirillum
D. Vibrio
5. Which structure allows bacteria to survive harsh conditions?
A. Capsule
B. Pili
C. Endospore
D. Plasmid
,6. Which staining method differentiates bacteria into Gram-positive and Gram-negative?
A. Acid-fast stain
B. Gram stain
C. Capsule stain
D. Endospore stain
7. The Gram-positive cell wall contains a thick layer of:
A. Lipopolysaccharide
B. Peptidoglycan
C. Teichoic acid
D. Mycolic acid
8. Which of the following is an obligate intracellular parasite?
A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Viruses
D. Protozoa
9. Which of the following best describes catabolism?
A. Building molecules
B. Breaking molecules to release energy
C. Energy storage
D. Protein synthesis
10. What is the main energy currency of the cell?
A. GTP
B. NADH
C. FADH2
D. ATP
11. Which pathway generates the most ATP in cellular respiration?
A. Glycolysis
B. Krebs cycle
C. Electron transport chain
D. Fermentation
12. The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is:
A. Nitrate
B. Sulfate
, C. Oxygen
D. Carbon dioxide
13. Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of enzyme regulation?
A. Feedback inhibition
B. Competitive inhibition
C. Translation
D. Noncompetitive inhibition
14. Which type of mutation changes a codon into a stop codon?
A. Silent
B. Missense
C. Nonsense
D. Frameshift
15. The process of copying DNA into RNA is called:
A. Replication
B. Translation
C. Transcription
D. Transformation
16. The process of using mRNA to synthesize a protein is called:
A. Replication
B. Translation
C. Transcription
D. Conjugation
17. Bacterial DNA is typically found in what form?
A. Linear chromosomes
B. Circular chromosome
C. Multiple chromosomes
D. RNA molecules
18. Which horizontal gene transfer method involves a bacteriophage?
A. Transformation
B. Conjugation
C. Transduction
D. Replication
19. Which process uses plasmids and pili for genetic exchange?
A. Transformation
Lecture Exams 1–6 | All Correct Answers |
Study Aid
BIOD 171 Microbiology MCQs – Part 1
1. Who is considered the "father of microbiology"?
A. Robert Koch
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Joseph Lister
D. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
2. Which type of microscope provides the highest resolution?
A. Light microscope
B. Scanning electron microscope
C. Transmission electron microscope
D. Phase-contrast microscope
3. Prokaryotic cells lack which of the following structures?
A. Ribosomes
B. Plasma membrane
C. Nucleus
D. Cytoplasm
4. Which bacterial shape is spherical?
A. Bacillus
B. Coccus
C. Spirillum
D. Vibrio
5. Which structure allows bacteria to survive harsh conditions?
A. Capsule
B. Pili
C. Endospore
D. Plasmid
,6. Which staining method differentiates bacteria into Gram-positive and Gram-negative?
A. Acid-fast stain
B. Gram stain
C. Capsule stain
D. Endospore stain
7. The Gram-positive cell wall contains a thick layer of:
A. Lipopolysaccharide
B. Peptidoglycan
C. Teichoic acid
D. Mycolic acid
8. Which of the following is an obligate intracellular parasite?
A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Viruses
D. Protozoa
9. Which of the following best describes catabolism?
A. Building molecules
B. Breaking molecules to release energy
C. Energy storage
D. Protein synthesis
10. What is the main energy currency of the cell?
A. GTP
B. NADH
C. FADH2
D. ATP
11. Which pathway generates the most ATP in cellular respiration?
A. Glycolysis
B. Krebs cycle
C. Electron transport chain
D. Fermentation
12. The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is:
A. Nitrate
B. Sulfate
, C. Oxygen
D. Carbon dioxide
13. Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of enzyme regulation?
A. Feedback inhibition
B. Competitive inhibition
C. Translation
D. Noncompetitive inhibition
14. Which type of mutation changes a codon into a stop codon?
A. Silent
B. Missense
C. Nonsense
D. Frameshift
15. The process of copying DNA into RNA is called:
A. Replication
B. Translation
C. Transcription
D. Transformation
16. The process of using mRNA to synthesize a protein is called:
A. Replication
B. Translation
C. Transcription
D. Conjugation
17. Bacterial DNA is typically found in what form?
A. Linear chromosomes
B. Circular chromosome
C. Multiple chromosomes
D. RNA molecules
18. Which horizontal gene transfer method involves a bacteriophage?
A. Transformation
B. Conjugation
C. Transduction
D. Replication
19. Which process uses plasmids and pili for genetic exchange?
A. Transformation
