TEST BANK
Biology, 6th Edition by Brooker, Widmaier,
All 60 Chapters Covered
1
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 An Introduction to Biology
Unit I Chemistry
2 The Chemical Basis of Life I: Atoms, Molecules, and Water
3 The Chemical Basis of Life II: Organic Molecules
Unit II Cell
4 Evolutionary Origin of Cells and Their General Features
5 Membrane Structure, Synthesis, and Transport;
6 An Introduction to Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism
7 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
8 Photosynthesis
9 Cell Communication
10 Multicellularity
Unit III Genetics
11 Nucleic Acid Structure, DNA Replication, and Chromosome Structure
12 Gene Expression at the Molecular Level I: Production of mRNAs and Proteins
13 Gene Expression at the Molecular Level II: Non-coding RNAs
14 Gene Expression at the Molecular Level III: Gene Regulation
15 Mutation, DNA Repair, and Cancer
16 The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Meiosis
17 Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance
18 Epigenetics, Extranuclear Inheritance, and Linkage
19 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
20 Developmental Genetics
21 Genetic Technologies and Genomics
Unit IV Evolution
22 An Introduction to Evolution
23 Population Genetics
24 Origin of Species and Macroevolution
25 Taxonomy and Systematics
26 History of Life on Earth and Human Evolution
Unit V Diversity
27 Archaea and Bacteria
28 Protists
29 Fungi
2
,30 Microbiomes: Microbial Systems On and Around Us
31 Plants and the Conquest of Land
32 The Evolution and Diversity of Modern Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
33 An Introduction to Animal Diversity
34 The Invertebrates
35 The Vertebrates
Unit VI Flowering Plants
36 An Introduction to Flowering Plant Form and Function
37 Flowering Plants: Behavior
38 Flowering Plants: Nutrition
39 Flowering Plants: Transport
40 Flowering Plants: Reproduction
Unit VII Animals
41 Animal Bodies and Homeostasis
42 Neuroscience I: Cells of the Nervous System
43 Neuroscience II: Evolution, Structure, and Function of the Nervous System
44 Neuroscience III: Sensory Systems
45 Musculoskeletal Systems and Locomotion
46 Nutrition and Animal Digestive Systems
47 Control of Energy Balance, Metabolic Rate, and Body Temperature
48 Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
49 Excretory Systems
50 Endocrine Systems
51 Animal Reproduction and Development;
52 Immune Systems
53 Integrated Responses of Animal Organ Systems to a Challenge to Homeostasis
Unit VIII Ecology
54 An Introduction to Ecology and Biomes
55 Behavioral Ecology
56 Population Ecology
57 Species Interactions
58 Communities and Ecosystems: Ecological Organization on Large Scales
59 The Ecological Impact of Humans
60 Biodiversity and Conservation Biology
3
,Answers at the end of each chapter
Chap 01 6e Brooker
1) A community is composed of different populations of animals and plants.
⊚ true
⊚ false
2) All tissues are composed of cells.
⊚ true
⊚ false
3) A flower on a plant represents which level of organization?
A) atom
B) cell
C) organ
D) organism
E) population
4) Boa constrictors on an island are an example of a(n)
A) cell.
B) organ.
C) organism.
D) population.
E) ecosystem.
5) Molecules are made up of
A) atoms.
B) cells.
C) organs.
D) organisms.
E) populations.
1
,6) Which is the smallest of all levels of organization?
A) atom
B) cell
C) organ
D) organism
E) population
7) A community of organisms interacting with their physical environment is a(n)
A) population.
B) organism.
C) biosphere.
D) ecosystem.
E) macromolecular community.
8) In multicellular organisms, cells of the same type can associate with each other to form
A) atoms.
B) molecules.
C) macromolecules.
D) tissues.
E) populations.
9) Which level of organization is present in all life forms?
A) cell
B) tissue
C) organ
D) organelle
E) colony
10) Which level of organization includes all of the others in the list?
A) cell
B) tissue
C) organ
D) organism
E) population
2
,11) During photosynthesis, plants take in water and carbon dioxide from the environment and use
sunlight to fuel a series of chemical reactions that ultimately build small sugar molecules.
Which of the core concepts of biology is exemplified by photosynthesis?
A) Evolution
B) Structure and function
C) Information flow, exchange, and storage
D) Pathways and transformations of energy and matter
E) Systems
12) The phenomenon through which populations of organisms change over time due to mutation,
natural selection, and genetic exchange is
A) homeostasis.
B) growth and development.
C) reproduction.
D) biological evolution.
E) organization.
13) The protein elastin plays an important role in providing elasticity and resilience to many
tissues in the body. Elastin has elastic properties because of the way the protein can change
shape. In a relaxed condition, the protein has an overall coiled, or looped shape. When
stretched, the protein extends into a straighter, more linear form. When the stretching force is
removed, elastin recoils back into the relaxed form. Which core concept of biology does the
elastin protein exemplify?
A) Evolution
B) Structure and function
C) Information flow, exchange, and storage
D) Pathways and transformations of energy and matter
E) Systems
14) Children often resemble their parents. The transmission of an eye color gene from parent to
child is an example of which core concept of biology?
A) Evolution
B) Structure and function
C) Information flow, exchange, and storage
D) Pathways and transformations of energy and matter
E) Systems
3
,15) Vertical evolution, whereby living organisms evolve from a common ancestor ("tree of life"),
is the only mechanism of evolution on Earth.
⊚ true
⊚ false
16) All genetic mutations are harmful to an organism.
⊚ true
⊚ false
17) In the process of biological evolution, new species may evolve through exchange of genes
from one species to another. This process is called
A) proteome transfer.
B) horizontal gene transfer.
C) vertical evolution.
D) vertical descent with mutation.
E) genomic sciences.
18) How does evolutionary change occur?
A) Through the modification of characteristics in a preexisting population.
B) It may involve vertical descent with mutation.
C) It may involve horizontal gene transfer.
D) All of these choices are correct.
E) None of these choices are correct.
19) A variety of finch species within the Hawaiian Islands have acquired different types of beaks
needed for utilizing specific food resources. What is the likely process by which these
different species of finches came about?
A) vertical descent with mutation
B) horizontal gene transfer
C) an accumulation of harmful genetic mutations
4
,20) Changes in represent the predominant cause for biological evolution.
A) homeostasis
B) growth and development
C) reproduction
D) genetic makeup
E) energy
21) The proteome, rather than genome, is most directly responsible for the structure, function,
and appearance of organisms.
⊚ true
⊚ false
22) The modification of a limb that was used for walking in a preexisting ancestor to one that is
used as a wing for a species today is called proteomics.
⊚ true
⊚ false
23) If a scientist were studying the role of different proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion
from a pancreatic cell, they would be studying
A) genomics.
B) proteomics.
C) cell biology.
D) both genomics and proteomics.
E) both proteomics and cell biology.
24) Which is responsible for encoding the proteins found in a cell?
A) genome
B) proteome
C) cytoskeleton
D) evolution
E) extracellular proteins
5
,25) The complete genetic composition of an organism is called its
A) proteome.
B) genome.
C) transcriptosome.
D) phenotype.
E) None of these choices are correct.
26) Proteins are largely responsible for the traits of living organisms, while provides
the blueprint for the organization, development, and function of living things.
A) DNA
B) protein
C) carbohydrate
D) lipid
E) metabolite
27) What feature of genetic mutations can eventually lead to the evolution of new species?
A) Mutations always produce harmful effects.
B) Mutations never affect protein structure or function.
C) Mutations are not a mechanism through which biological evolution occurs.
D) Mutations always produce beneficial effects.
E) Mutations produce changes in the DNA sequence of a gene.
28) New species evolve from preexisting species by the accumulation of
A) metabolic events.
B) genetic mutations.
C) proteomes.
D) reproductive events.
E) developmental events.
6
, 29) About 9,000 years ago people generated a new plant species, Zea mays (maize/corn),
throughthe domestication of a grass known as teosinte. In comparison to teosinte, modern
ears of corn are much larger, have many more rows of corn grains, have softer corn grains,
and do not shatter (break apart to scatter the grains). Which of the following most accurately
describes the generation of corn?
A) Corn was generated through artificial selection because people selected traits in
teosinte that they deemed desirable.
B) Corn was generated through natural selection because the teosinte grass naturally
evolved into corn.
C) Corn was generated through natural selection because natural selection is the only
mechanism of evolutionary change.
D) Corn was generated through natural selection because artificial selection requires
gene-editing technologies.
E) Corn was generated through artificial selection because there was a horizontal
transfer of genes from one species to another.
30) A defining characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms is the lack
of a cell membrane in prokaryotes.
⊚ true
⊚ false
31) The grouping or classification of species is termed
A) genus.
B) kingdom.
C) taxonomy.
D) biology.
E) physiology.
32) When grouping organisms, which classification is most general for a particular type of
organism?
A) Kingdom
B) Phylum
C) Order
D) Family
E) Species
7
Biology, 6th Edition by Brooker, Widmaier,
All 60 Chapters Covered
1
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 An Introduction to Biology
Unit I Chemistry
2 The Chemical Basis of Life I: Atoms, Molecules, and Water
3 The Chemical Basis of Life II: Organic Molecules
Unit II Cell
4 Evolutionary Origin of Cells and Their General Features
5 Membrane Structure, Synthesis, and Transport;
6 An Introduction to Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism
7 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
8 Photosynthesis
9 Cell Communication
10 Multicellularity
Unit III Genetics
11 Nucleic Acid Structure, DNA Replication, and Chromosome Structure
12 Gene Expression at the Molecular Level I: Production of mRNAs and Proteins
13 Gene Expression at the Molecular Level II: Non-coding RNAs
14 Gene Expression at the Molecular Level III: Gene Regulation
15 Mutation, DNA Repair, and Cancer
16 The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Meiosis
17 Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance
18 Epigenetics, Extranuclear Inheritance, and Linkage
19 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
20 Developmental Genetics
21 Genetic Technologies and Genomics
Unit IV Evolution
22 An Introduction to Evolution
23 Population Genetics
24 Origin of Species and Macroevolution
25 Taxonomy and Systematics
26 History of Life on Earth and Human Evolution
Unit V Diversity
27 Archaea and Bacteria
28 Protists
29 Fungi
2
,30 Microbiomes: Microbial Systems On and Around Us
31 Plants and the Conquest of Land
32 The Evolution and Diversity of Modern Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
33 An Introduction to Animal Diversity
34 The Invertebrates
35 The Vertebrates
Unit VI Flowering Plants
36 An Introduction to Flowering Plant Form and Function
37 Flowering Plants: Behavior
38 Flowering Plants: Nutrition
39 Flowering Plants: Transport
40 Flowering Plants: Reproduction
Unit VII Animals
41 Animal Bodies and Homeostasis
42 Neuroscience I: Cells of the Nervous System
43 Neuroscience II: Evolution, Structure, and Function of the Nervous System
44 Neuroscience III: Sensory Systems
45 Musculoskeletal Systems and Locomotion
46 Nutrition and Animal Digestive Systems
47 Control of Energy Balance, Metabolic Rate, and Body Temperature
48 Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
49 Excretory Systems
50 Endocrine Systems
51 Animal Reproduction and Development;
52 Immune Systems
53 Integrated Responses of Animal Organ Systems to a Challenge to Homeostasis
Unit VIII Ecology
54 An Introduction to Ecology and Biomes
55 Behavioral Ecology
56 Population Ecology
57 Species Interactions
58 Communities and Ecosystems: Ecological Organization on Large Scales
59 The Ecological Impact of Humans
60 Biodiversity and Conservation Biology
3
,Answers at the end of each chapter
Chap 01 6e Brooker
1) A community is composed of different populations of animals and plants.
⊚ true
⊚ false
2) All tissues are composed of cells.
⊚ true
⊚ false
3) A flower on a plant represents which level of organization?
A) atom
B) cell
C) organ
D) organism
E) population
4) Boa constrictors on an island are an example of a(n)
A) cell.
B) organ.
C) organism.
D) population.
E) ecosystem.
5) Molecules are made up of
A) atoms.
B) cells.
C) organs.
D) organisms.
E) populations.
1
,6) Which is the smallest of all levels of organization?
A) atom
B) cell
C) organ
D) organism
E) population
7) A community of organisms interacting with their physical environment is a(n)
A) population.
B) organism.
C) biosphere.
D) ecosystem.
E) macromolecular community.
8) In multicellular organisms, cells of the same type can associate with each other to form
A) atoms.
B) molecules.
C) macromolecules.
D) tissues.
E) populations.
9) Which level of organization is present in all life forms?
A) cell
B) tissue
C) organ
D) organelle
E) colony
10) Which level of organization includes all of the others in the list?
A) cell
B) tissue
C) organ
D) organism
E) population
2
,11) During photosynthesis, plants take in water and carbon dioxide from the environment and use
sunlight to fuel a series of chemical reactions that ultimately build small sugar molecules.
Which of the core concepts of biology is exemplified by photosynthesis?
A) Evolution
B) Structure and function
C) Information flow, exchange, and storage
D) Pathways and transformations of energy and matter
E) Systems
12) The phenomenon through which populations of organisms change over time due to mutation,
natural selection, and genetic exchange is
A) homeostasis.
B) growth and development.
C) reproduction.
D) biological evolution.
E) organization.
13) The protein elastin plays an important role in providing elasticity and resilience to many
tissues in the body. Elastin has elastic properties because of the way the protein can change
shape. In a relaxed condition, the protein has an overall coiled, or looped shape. When
stretched, the protein extends into a straighter, more linear form. When the stretching force is
removed, elastin recoils back into the relaxed form. Which core concept of biology does the
elastin protein exemplify?
A) Evolution
B) Structure and function
C) Information flow, exchange, and storage
D) Pathways and transformations of energy and matter
E) Systems
14) Children often resemble their parents. The transmission of an eye color gene from parent to
child is an example of which core concept of biology?
A) Evolution
B) Structure and function
C) Information flow, exchange, and storage
D) Pathways and transformations of energy and matter
E) Systems
3
,15) Vertical evolution, whereby living organisms evolve from a common ancestor ("tree of life"),
is the only mechanism of evolution on Earth.
⊚ true
⊚ false
16) All genetic mutations are harmful to an organism.
⊚ true
⊚ false
17) In the process of biological evolution, new species may evolve through exchange of genes
from one species to another. This process is called
A) proteome transfer.
B) horizontal gene transfer.
C) vertical evolution.
D) vertical descent with mutation.
E) genomic sciences.
18) How does evolutionary change occur?
A) Through the modification of characteristics in a preexisting population.
B) It may involve vertical descent with mutation.
C) It may involve horizontal gene transfer.
D) All of these choices are correct.
E) None of these choices are correct.
19) A variety of finch species within the Hawaiian Islands have acquired different types of beaks
needed for utilizing specific food resources. What is the likely process by which these
different species of finches came about?
A) vertical descent with mutation
B) horizontal gene transfer
C) an accumulation of harmful genetic mutations
4
,20) Changes in represent the predominant cause for biological evolution.
A) homeostasis
B) growth and development
C) reproduction
D) genetic makeup
E) energy
21) The proteome, rather than genome, is most directly responsible for the structure, function,
and appearance of organisms.
⊚ true
⊚ false
22) The modification of a limb that was used for walking in a preexisting ancestor to one that is
used as a wing for a species today is called proteomics.
⊚ true
⊚ false
23) If a scientist were studying the role of different proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion
from a pancreatic cell, they would be studying
A) genomics.
B) proteomics.
C) cell biology.
D) both genomics and proteomics.
E) both proteomics and cell biology.
24) Which is responsible for encoding the proteins found in a cell?
A) genome
B) proteome
C) cytoskeleton
D) evolution
E) extracellular proteins
5
,25) The complete genetic composition of an organism is called its
A) proteome.
B) genome.
C) transcriptosome.
D) phenotype.
E) None of these choices are correct.
26) Proteins are largely responsible for the traits of living organisms, while provides
the blueprint for the organization, development, and function of living things.
A) DNA
B) protein
C) carbohydrate
D) lipid
E) metabolite
27) What feature of genetic mutations can eventually lead to the evolution of new species?
A) Mutations always produce harmful effects.
B) Mutations never affect protein structure or function.
C) Mutations are not a mechanism through which biological evolution occurs.
D) Mutations always produce beneficial effects.
E) Mutations produce changes in the DNA sequence of a gene.
28) New species evolve from preexisting species by the accumulation of
A) metabolic events.
B) genetic mutations.
C) proteomes.
D) reproductive events.
E) developmental events.
6
, 29) About 9,000 years ago people generated a new plant species, Zea mays (maize/corn),
throughthe domestication of a grass known as teosinte. In comparison to teosinte, modern
ears of corn are much larger, have many more rows of corn grains, have softer corn grains,
and do not shatter (break apart to scatter the grains). Which of the following most accurately
describes the generation of corn?
A) Corn was generated through artificial selection because people selected traits in
teosinte that they deemed desirable.
B) Corn was generated through natural selection because the teosinte grass naturally
evolved into corn.
C) Corn was generated through natural selection because natural selection is the only
mechanism of evolutionary change.
D) Corn was generated through natural selection because artificial selection requires
gene-editing technologies.
E) Corn was generated through artificial selection because there was a horizontal
transfer of genes from one species to another.
30) A defining characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms is the lack
of a cell membrane in prokaryotes.
⊚ true
⊚ false
31) The grouping or classification of species is termed
A) genus.
B) kingdom.
C) taxonomy.
D) biology.
E) physiology.
32) When grouping organisms, which classification is most general for a particular type of
organism?
A) Kingdom
B) Phylum
C) Order
D) Family
E) Species
7
