CHAPTER 24 AND 25 ANAT 260 WCU
FINAL EXAM AND ACTUAL ANSWERS
GRADED A+ (2025-2026) UPDATE.
The respiratory system includes: - Answer -Nose
-Nasal cavity
-Sinuses
-Pharynx
-Larynx
-Trachea
-Bronchi
-Bronchioles
-Alveoli
The Upper Respiratory System consists of: - Answer -Nose
-Nasal cavity
-Sinuses
-Pharynx
The Lower Respiratory System consists of: - Answer -Larynx
-Trachea
-Bronchi
-Bronchioles
-Alveoli
Functions of the Respiratory System: - Answer gas exchange, regulation of blood pH, voice
production, olfaction, protection
Protection of the Respiratory System: - Answer -Hairs in the nose block some of the inhaled
debris, called vibrissae
, Pathway of air: - Answer -air enters the external nares
-passes by the nasal vestibule; area surrounded by the 2 pairs of alar cartilage
-enters the nasal cavity
-air flows in and around the nasal conchae (inferior, middle, and superior conchae);air swirls
around the conchae, debris gets stuck in the mucus, as air swirls around the conchae the air
warms before entering the trachea
-air enters the internal nares
-air enters the nasopharynx area
The Pharynx - Answer The pharynx is a passageway that connects the nose to the mouth to
the throat; nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
Nasopharynx - Answer the back of the nose area
Oropharynx - Answer the back of the mouth area; consists of pharyngeal arch and uvula
Laryngopharynx - Answer the area that has the entrance to the trachea and esophagus
The Larynx (voice box) - Answer a cylinder whose cartilaginous walls are stabilized by
ligaments or skeletal muscles or both
Unpaired cartilages of the Larynx - Answer -Thyroid cartilage (front of larynx); contains the
laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple); Hyaline cartilage
-Cricoid cartilage; unpaired cartilage
-Epiglottis (elastic cartilage); closes over the glottis during swallowing of food, unpaired cartilage
Paired cartilage of the Larynx - Answer Arytenoid cartilages (changes the pitch of the sound
you speak)
Sound production by the vocal cords: - Answer -Air passing between the vocal cords creates
sound
Pitch depends on the diameter, length, and tension in the vocal cords
Children have slender, short vocal folds thus creating a high-pitched sound
FINAL EXAM AND ACTUAL ANSWERS
GRADED A+ (2025-2026) UPDATE.
The respiratory system includes: - Answer -Nose
-Nasal cavity
-Sinuses
-Pharynx
-Larynx
-Trachea
-Bronchi
-Bronchioles
-Alveoli
The Upper Respiratory System consists of: - Answer -Nose
-Nasal cavity
-Sinuses
-Pharynx
The Lower Respiratory System consists of: - Answer -Larynx
-Trachea
-Bronchi
-Bronchioles
-Alveoli
Functions of the Respiratory System: - Answer gas exchange, regulation of blood pH, voice
production, olfaction, protection
Protection of the Respiratory System: - Answer -Hairs in the nose block some of the inhaled
debris, called vibrissae
, Pathway of air: - Answer -air enters the external nares
-passes by the nasal vestibule; area surrounded by the 2 pairs of alar cartilage
-enters the nasal cavity
-air flows in and around the nasal conchae (inferior, middle, and superior conchae);air swirls
around the conchae, debris gets stuck in the mucus, as air swirls around the conchae the air
warms before entering the trachea
-air enters the internal nares
-air enters the nasopharynx area
The Pharynx - Answer The pharynx is a passageway that connects the nose to the mouth to
the throat; nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
Nasopharynx - Answer the back of the nose area
Oropharynx - Answer the back of the mouth area; consists of pharyngeal arch and uvula
Laryngopharynx - Answer the area that has the entrance to the trachea and esophagus
The Larynx (voice box) - Answer a cylinder whose cartilaginous walls are stabilized by
ligaments or skeletal muscles or both
Unpaired cartilages of the Larynx - Answer -Thyroid cartilage (front of larynx); contains the
laryngeal prominence (Adam's apple); Hyaline cartilage
-Cricoid cartilage; unpaired cartilage
-Epiglottis (elastic cartilage); closes over the glottis during swallowing of food, unpaired cartilage
Paired cartilage of the Larynx - Answer Arytenoid cartilages (changes the pitch of the sound
you speak)
Sound production by the vocal cords: - Answer -Air passing between the vocal cords creates
sound
Pitch depends on the diameter, length, and tension in the vocal cords
Children have slender, short vocal folds thus creating a high-pitched sound
