6521 Advanced Pharmacology Final
Questions & Detailed Complete
Solutions
A child will receive 750 mg of an antibiotic for 10 days. The child attends day care. The drug may
be dosed in several ways and is available in two concentrations. Which dosing regimen will the
nurse discuss with the child's provider? - correct answer ✔✔500 mg/5 mL to 375 mg PO twice
daily
A nurse is caring for an infant after a surgical procedure. After ensuring that the ordered dose is
appropriate for the infant's age and weight, the nurse administers a narcotic analgesic
intravenously. When assessing the infant 15 minutes later, the nurse notes respirations of 22
breaths/minute and a heart rate of 110 beats/minute. The infant is asleep in the parent's arms
and does not awaken when vital signs are assessed. The nurse understands that these findings
are the result of: - correct answer ✔✔immaturity of the blood-brain barrier in the infant.
Parents ask the nurse why an over-the-counter cough suppressant with sedative side effects is
not recommended for infants. Which response by the nurse is correct? - correct answer
✔✔"Infants are more susceptible to central nervous system effects than are adults."
A nurse caring for a 5-year-old child notes that the child has discoloration of several teeth.
When taking a medication history, the nurse will ask about which group of medications? -
correct answer ✔✔Tetracyclines
An infant has allergies and often develops a pruritic rash when exposed to allergens. The infant's
parents ask the nurse about using a topical antihistamine. What should the nurse tell them? -
correct answer ✔✔Applying an antihistamine to the skin can cause toxicity in this age group.
,An infant is receiving a medication that has a narrow therapeutic range. The nurse reviews the
medication information and learns that the drug is excreted by the kidneys. When giving the
medication, the nurse will assess the infant for: - correct answer ✔✔signs of drug toxicity.
A pediatric nurse is teaching nursing students about medication administration in children.
Which statement by a student indicates an understanding of the teaching? - correct answer
✔✔"Drugs effective in adults may not work in children, even if the dose is proportional for
weight and size."
A pediatric nurse is teaching nursing students to calculate medication doses for children using a
formula based on body surface area. Which statement by a nursing student indicates
understanding of the teaching? - correct answer ✔✔"This formula helps approximate the first
dose; other doses should be based on clinical observations."
A nurse is teaching nursing students about pediatric medication administration. What will the
nurse include when discussing pediatric drug research? - correct answer ✔✔Studies showed a
significant percentage of unanticipated and potentially lethal side effects in children.
A prescriber has ordered medication for a newborn. The medication is eliminated primarily by
hepatic metabolism. The nurse expects the prescriber to: - correct answer ✔✔order a dose that
is lower than an adult dose.
The parents of a child with asthma ask the nurse why their child can not use oral corticosteroids
more often, because they are so effective. The nurse will offer which information that is true for
children? - correct answer ✔✔Chronic steroid use can inhibit growth.
A patient with schizophrenia shows suicidal behaviors, and the provider orders clozapine
[Clozaril]. The nurse teaches the family about the medication and its side effects. Which
statement by a family member indicates a need for further teaching about this drug? - correct
answer ✔✔"If the ANC is less than 3000, the drug will be discontinued permanently."
,A patient with schizophrenia receives a dose of risperidone [Risperdal Consta] IM. The nurse
teaching this patient about this medication will make which statement? - correct answer
✔✔"You will need to take an oral antipsychotic drug for 3 weeks."
A patient in whom drug therapy has failed several times in the past is readmitted to a hospital
to begin therapy for schizophrenia. What will the nurse do to help improve adherence? - correct
answer ✔✔Teach the patient about drug side effects and how to manage them.
A nurse provides teaching for a patient about to begin taking an FGA drug for schizophrenia.
Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching about side effects of these
drugs? - correct answer ✔✔"Dry mouth and constipation are uncommon with this medication."
A patient taking an FGA medication develops severe parkinsonism and is treated with
amantadine [Symmetrel]. The amantadine is withdrawn 2 months later, and the parkinsonism
returns. The nurse will expect the provider to: - correct answer ✔✔try a second-generation
antipsychotic (SGA).
What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✔✔Poor
judgment
Poor self-care
Poverty of speech
A patient is taking an FGA for schizophrenia. The nurse notes that the patient has trouble
speaking and chewing and observes slow, wormlike-movements of the patient's tongue. The
nurse recognizes which adverse effect in this patient? - correct answer ✔✔Tardive dyskinesia
A nurse and a nursing student are discussing the plan of care for a patient with schizophrenia.
The patient, who has been taking a high-potency FGA for 2 months, has become restless and
constantly needs to be in motion. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further
education? - correct answer ✔✔"Because this may be an exacerbation of psychosis, the
provider may increase the dose of the FGA."
, A patient who is taking a first-generation antipsychotic (FGA) drug for schizophrenia comes to
the clinic for evaluation. The nurse observes that the patient has a shuffling gait and mild
tremors. The nurse will ask the patient's provider about which course of action? - correct
answer ✔✔Giving an anticholinergic medication
A patient with schizophrenia has been taking an oral FGA for 1 week. The patient has been
taking the drug daily in two divided doses. The individual complains of daytime drowsiness. The
patient's family reports a decrease in the person's hostility and anxiety but states that the
patient remains antisocial with disordered thinking. What will the nurse tell the patient and the
family? - correct answer ✔✔Some symptoms take months to improve.
A patient with schizophrenia has been taking an antipsychotic drug for several days. The nurse
enters the patient's room to administer a dose of haloperidol [Haldol] and finds the patient
having facial spasms. The patient's head is thrust back, and the patient is unable to speak. What
will the nurse do? - correct answer ✔✔Request an order to give diphenhydramine.
A parent reports being afraid that a child may have schizophrenia because of disorganized
speech and asocial behaviors. The nurse will tell this parent that which of the following must
also be present to make a diagnosis? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✔✔A decrease in
self-care, job, or school function
A 1-month duration of active phase symptoms
Continuous signs of disturbance for longer than 6 months
Which side effects are more common in second-generation antipsychotic medications than in
first-generation antipsychotic medications? Select all that apply. - correct answer
✔✔Agranulocytosis
Anticholinergic effects
Metabolism by CYP3A4
Questions & Detailed Complete
Solutions
A child will receive 750 mg of an antibiotic for 10 days. The child attends day care. The drug may
be dosed in several ways and is available in two concentrations. Which dosing regimen will the
nurse discuss with the child's provider? - correct answer ✔✔500 mg/5 mL to 375 mg PO twice
daily
A nurse is caring for an infant after a surgical procedure. After ensuring that the ordered dose is
appropriate for the infant's age and weight, the nurse administers a narcotic analgesic
intravenously. When assessing the infant 15 minutes later, the nurse notes respirations of 22
breaths/minute and a heart rate of 110 beats/minute. The infant is asleep in the parent's arms
and does not awaken when vital signs are assessed. The nurse understands that these findings
are the result of: - correct answer ✔✔immaturity of the blood-brain barrier in the infant.
Parents ask the nurse why an over-the-counter cough suppressant with sedative side effects is
not recommended for infants. Which response by the nurse is correct? - correct answer
✔✔"Infants are more susceptible to central nervous system effects than are adults."
A nurse caring for a 5-year-old child notes that the child has discoloration of several teeth.
When taking a medication history, the nurse will ask about which group of medications? -
correct answer ✔✔Tetracyclines
An infant has allergies and often develops a pruritic rash when exposed to allergens. The infant's
parents ask the nurse about using a topical antihistamine. What should the nurse tell them? -
correct answer ✔✔Applying an antihistamine to the skin can cause toxicity in this age group.
,An infant is receiving a medication that has a narrow therapeutic range. The nurse reviews the
medication information and learns that the drug is excreted by the kidneys. When giving the
medication, the nurse will assess the infant for: - correct answer ✔✔signs of drug toxicity.
A pediatric nurse is teaching nursing students about medication administration in children.
Which statement by a student indicates an understanding of the teaching? - correct answer
✔✔"Drugs effective in adults may not work in children, even if the dose is proportional for
weight and size."
A pediatric nurse is teaching nursing students to calculate medication doses for children using a
formula based on body surface area. Which statement by a nursing student indicates
understanding of the teaching? - correct answer ✔✔"This formula helps approximate the first
dose; other doses should be based on clinical observations."
A nurse is teaching nursing students about pediatric medication administration. What will the
nurse include when discussing pediatric drug research? - correct answer ✔✔Studies showed a
significant percentage of unanticipated and potentially lethal side effects in children.
A prescriber has ordered medication for a newborn. The medication is eliminated primarily by
hepatic metabolism. The nurse expects the prescriber to: - correct answer ✔✔order a dose that
is lower than an adult dose.
The parents of a child with asthma ask the nurse why their child can not use oral corticosteroids
more often, because they are so effective. The nurse will offer which information that is true for
children? - correct answer ✔✔Chronic steroid use can inhibit growth.
A patient with schizophrenia shows suicidal behaviors, and the provider orders clozapine
[Clozaril]. The nurse teaches the family about the medication and its side effects. Which
statement by a family member indicates a need for further teaching about this drug? - correct
answer ✔✔"If the ANC is less than 3000, the drug will be discontinued permanently."
,A patient with schizophrenia receives a dose of risperidone [Risperdal Consta] IM. The nurse
teaching this patient about this medication will make which statement? - correct answer
✔✔"You will need to take an oral antipsychotic drug for 3 weeks."
A patient in whom drug therapy has failed several times in the past is readmitted to a hospital
to begin therapy for schizophrenia. What will the nurse do to help improve adherence? - correct
answer ✔✔Teach the patient about drug side effects and how to manage them.
A nurse provides teaching for a patient about to begin taking an FGA drug for schizophrenia.
Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching about side effects of these
drugs? - correct answer ✔✔"Dry mouth and constipation are uncommon with this medication."
A patient taking an FGA medication develops severe parkinsonism and is treated with
amantadine [Symmetrel]. The amantadine is withdrawn 2 months later, and the parkinsonism
returns. The nurse will expect the provider to: - correct answer ✔✔try a second-generation
antipsychotic (SGA).
What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✔✔Poor
judgment
Poor self-care
Poverty of speech
A patient is taking an FGA for schizophrenia. The nurse notes that the patient has trouble
speaking and chewing and observes slow, wormlike-movements of the patient's tongue. The
nurse recognizes which adverse effect in this patient? - correct answer ✔✔Tardive dyskinesia
A nurse and a nursing student are discussing the plan of care for a patient with schizophrenia.
The patient, who has been taking a high-potency FGA for 2 months, has become restless and
constantly needs to be in motion. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further
education? - correct answer ✔✔"Because this may be an exacerbation of psychosis, the
provider may increase the dose of the FGA."
, A patient who is taking a first-generation antipsychotic (FGA) drug for schizophrenia comes to
the clinic for evaluation. The nurse observes that the patient has a shuffling gait and mild
tremors. The nurse will ask the patient's provider about which course of action? - correct
answer ✔✔Giving an anticholinergic medication
A patient with schizophrenia has been taking an oral FGA for 1 week. The patient has been
taking the drug daily in two divided doses. The individual complains of daytime drowsiness. The
patient's family reports a decrease in the person's hostility and anxiety but states that the
patient remains antisocial with disordered thinking. What will the nurse tell the patient and the
family? - correct answer ✔✔Some symptoms take months to improve.
A patient with schizophrenia has been taking an antipsychotic drug for several days. The nurse
enters the patient's room to administer a dose of haloperidol [Haldol] and finds the patient
having facial spasms. The patient's head is thrust back, and the patient is unable to speak. What
will the nurse do? - correct answer ✔✔Request an order to give diphenhydramine.
A parent reports being afraid that a child may have schizophrenia because of disorganized
speech and asocial behaviors. The nurse will tell this parent that which of the following must
also be present to make a diagnosis? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✔✔A decrease in
self-care, job, or school function
A 1-month duration of active phase symptoms
Continuous signs of disturbance for longer than 6 months
Which side effects are more common in second-generation antipsychotic medications than in
first-generation antipsychotic medications? Select all that apply. - correct answer
✔✔Agranulocytosis
Anticholinergic effects
Metabolism by CYP3A4
