UAMS
A Sickle Cell has: - ANS-Abnormal globin chain synthesis
Acanthocyte - ANS-
Acanthocytes image - ANS-spur cells
Adult Hemoglobin- ANS-Beta chain manufacturing rises steadily prenatally and reaches
adult chances between three - 6 months postnatally
All ordinary grownup hemoglobins are fashioned as tetramers including
2 alpha chains
2 non-alpha chains - beta, delta, or gamma
Hydrogen bonds and salt bridges
an Ovalocyte has: - ANS-an altered membrane
Anisocytosis- ANS-Variation in size
Anisocytosis: - ANS-presence of crimson blood cells of unequal length
Reported by means of MCV
Measured with the aid of micron
Basophilic stippling composition - ANS-consists of RNA
Basophilic StipplingImage - ANS-
Cabot ring Image - ANS-
Cabot rings composition - ANS-consists of Remnant Mitotic spindle
Carboxyhemoglobin- ANS-Occurs while hemoglobin is exposed to carbon monoxide
Chromosome eleven- ANS-Epsilon (embryonic)
Gamma
Delta
Beta
Chromosome 16- ANS-Zeta (embryonic)
Alpha
, Codocyte - ANS-
Codocytes photo - ANS-
Cold agglutinin - ANS-
Dacrocyte image - ANS-tear drop
Dacryocyte - ANS-
Deoxyhemoglobin - ANS-has a lower affinity for oxygen
Diseases Representing Defective Hemoglobin- ANS-Thalassemia - defective globin chains
Iron deficiency anemia - lack of iron
Most not unusual
Sideroblastic anemia - loss of heme
Drepanocytes photo - ANS-sickle cells
Echinocyte - ANS-
Echinocytes (photograph) - ANS-burr cells
Elliptocyte - ANS-
Embden-Meyerhof Glycolytic Pathway- ANS-Non-oxidative or anaerobic pathway
Provides 90% of ATP
Provides good enough amounts of ATP essential to
hold erythrocyte shape, flexibility, and membrane integrity
Regulate intracellular cation concentrations
Sodium, potassium, calcium pumps
Embryonic Hemoglobin - ANS-Epsilon and zeta chains are produced for the primary 3
months
Once produced, Alpha chains are continually present
Embryonic Hemoglobins
Hemoglobin Gower 1 (zeta2, epsilon2)
Hemoglobin Gower 2 (alpha2, epsilon2)
Hemoglobin Portland (zeta2, gamma2)
Emden Meyerhof Pathway disorder - ANS-Causes formation of echinocytes
Fetal Hemoglobin - ANS-Production of gamma chains is active from the 0.33 fetal month
until 1 yr postnatally
Fetal hemoglobin (alpha2, gamma2)