NR 283| NR283 Exam 1 | Pathophysiology Exam 1
|Questions and Answers Rated A+ | 2025/2026 Guide
prepare with confidence using the latest exam questions and
detailed rationales—designed to reflect the current exam and
support your success.
In regards to chromosomal mutation, nondisjunction is known as what? - correct answer✨✔✔
Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during cell division
What is an example of an autosomal-dominant disease? - correct answer✨✔✔ Huntington's disease
What is an example of an autosomal-recessive disease? - correct answer✨✔✔ Cystic fibrosis
What is an example of an X-linked condition? - correct answer✨✔✔ Red - green color blindness
What is an example of multifactorial inheritance? - correct answer✨✔✔ Pyloric stenosis
Knowing physiologic signs of injury you might expect the following system is consistent with systemic
manifestations of cellular injury during a myocardial infarction (select all that apply)
A. Elevated aspartate
aminotransferase (AST/SGOT)
C. Increased leukocytes
D. Pain
E. Increase heart rate
F. Fever
G. Elevated Creatinine Kinase
,H. Elevated alanin aminostransferase (ALT/SGPT) - correct answer✨✔✔ A. elevated aspartate
aminotransferase
C. increased leukocytes
E. increased HR
G. elevated creatinine kinase
H. elevated alanin aminostransferase
The nurse teaching an elderly client about the aging process includes which changes that occur as part
of the normal aging process? (select all that apply)
A. Increase in total body potassium concentration
B. Increased gastric emptying
C. Decreased muscle tone
D. Wrinkling and atrophy of the epidermis
E. Increase in peripheral resistance to blood flow
F. Increased formation of autoantibodies - correct answer✨✔✔ A. Decreased muscle tone, wrinkling
in atrophy of the epidermis
E. increase in peripheral resistance to bloodflow
F. increased formation of auto antibodies
What else is it about the skin that protects individuals from injury and disease? - correct
answer✨✔✔ Pathogens can be sloughed off by mechanical means, such as falling off in dead skin
cells, coughing or sneezing, vomiting, or flushing from the urinary tract in urine.
How might the characteristics of skin and the bodily fluids associated with it also help to protect us from
infection? - correct answer✨✔✔ There is a low pH on the skin and stomach that generally inhibits
microorganisms
If inflammation is considered a first responder and may be considered to be a hero, at least when it is in
a controlled state, what heroic acts may be attributed to it? How might the swelling associated with
inflammation actually help with the healing process? Erythema and warmth at a site of injury typically
, cause discomfort, but how might one take solace in the fact that the response is being initiated? -
correct answer✨✔✔ It prevents and/or limits infection and additional damage by initiating the influx
of plasma, plasma proteins, plasma enzymes, and the distribution of leukocytes from the blood vessels
to the injury. It recruits members of the adaptive immunity community to launch a more specific
defense against the pathogens and enhances the healing process.
What causes redness at the site of inflammation? - correct answer✨✔✔ Vasodilation of arterioles
from the histamine triggered by mediators or mast cells but then spasm to stop the bleeding
What is brought to the injured site when the vasodilation occurs? - correct answer✨✔✔ Neutrophils,
monocytes, oxygen, nutrients to dilute toxins
With vasodilation that dilates the capillaries, what lines the vessels? - correct answer✨✔✔
Leukocytes
How do the traveling leukocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) arrive at the tissue where the site of the
infection is present? - correct answer✨✔✔ The cell squeeze through the gaps in the capillary walls to
enter at the site of the infection
What does phagocytosis do at the site? - correct answer✨✔✔ Digests the foreign substances cellular
debris
Why is fibrinogen important at the site of injury? - correct answer✨✔✔ Fibrinogen transforms into
fibrin to wall off the injured area, taking the foreign substances to make a mesh to support blood
clotting and healing
When the injury occurs, what stimulates the pain receptors? - correct answer✨✔✔ Prostaglandins
Why does the hypothalamus increase the body temperature? - correct answer✨✔✔ Pyrogens are
released by macrophages when exposed to bacteria
|Questions and Answers Rated A+ | 2025/2026 Guide
prepare with confidence using the latest exam questions and
detailed rationales—designed to reflect the current exam and
support your success.
In regards to chromosomal mutation, nondisjunction is known as what? - correct answer✨✔✔
Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during cell division
What is an example of an autosomal-dominant disease? - correct answer✨✔✔ Huntington's disease
What is an example of an autosomal-recessive disease? - correct answer✨✔✔ Cystic fibrosis
What is an example of an X-linked condition? - correct answer✨✔✔ Red - green color blindness
What is an example of multifactorial inheritance? - correct answer✨✔✔ Pyloric stenosis
Knowing physiologic signs of injury you might expect the following system is consistent with systemic
manifestations of cellular injury during a myocardial infarction (select all that apply)
A. Elevated aspartate
aminotransferase (AST/SGOT)
C. Increased leukocytes
D. Pain
E. Increase heart rate
F. Fever
G. Elevated Creatinine Kinase
,H. Elevated alanin aminostransferase (ALT/SGPT) - correct answer✨✔✔ A. elevated aspartate
aminotransferase
C. increased leukocytes
E. increased HR
G. elevated creatinine kinase
H. elevated alanin aminostransferase
The nurse teaching an elderly client about the aging process includes which changes that occur as part
of the normal aging process? (select all that apply)
A. Increase in total body potassium concentration
B. Increased gastric emptying
C. Decreased muscle tone
D. Wrinkling and atrophy of the epidermis
E. Increase in peripheral resistance to blood flow
F. Increased formation of autoantibodies - correct answer✨✔✔ A. Decreased muscle tone, wrinkling
in atrophy of the epidermis
E. increase in peripheral resistance to bloodflow
F. increased formation of auto antibodies
What else is it about the skin that protects individuals from injury and disease? - correct
answer✨✔✔ Pathogens can be sloughed off by mechanical means, such as falling off in dead skin
cells, coughing or sneezing, vomiting, or flushing from the urinary tract in urine.
How might the characteristics of skin and the bodily fluids associated with it also help to protect us from
infection? - correct answer✨✔✔ There is a low pH on the skin and stomach that generally inhibits
microorganisms
If inflammation is considered a first responder and may be considered to be a hero, at least when it is in
a controlled state, what heroic acts may be attributed to it? How might the swelling associated with
inflammation actually help with the healing process? Erythema and warmth at a site of injury typically
, cause discomfort, but how might one take solace in the fact that the response is being initiated? -
correct answer✨✔✔ It prevents and/or limits infection and additional damage by initiating the influx
of plasma, plasma proteins, plasma enzymes, and the distribution of leukocytes from the blood vessels
to the injury. It recruits members of the adaptive immunity community to launch a more specific
defense against the pathogens and enhances the healing process.
What causes redness at the site of inflammation? - correct answer✨✔✔ Vasodilation of arterioles
from the histamine triggered by mediators or mast cells but then spasm to stop the bleeding
What is brought to the injured site when the vasodilation occurs? - correct answer✨✔✔ Neutrophils,
monocytes, oxygen, nutrients to dilute toxins
With vasodilation that dilates the capillaries, what lines the vessels? - correct answer✨✔✔
Leukocytes
How do the traveling leukocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) arrive at the tissue where the site of the
infection is present? - correct answer✨✔✔ The cell squeeze through the gaps in the capillary walls to
enter at the site of the infection
What does phagocytosis do at the site? - correct answer✨✔✔ Digests the foreign substances cellular
debris
Why is fibrinogen important at the site of injury? - correct answer✨✔✔ Fibrinogen transforms into
fibrin to wall off the injured area, taking the foreign substances to make a mesh to support blood
clotting and healing
When the injury occurs, what stimulates the pain receptors? - correct answer✨✔✔ Prostaglandins
Why does the hypothalamus increase the body temperature? - correct answer✨✔✔ Pyrogens are
released by macrophages when exposed to bacteria
