FTCE
FTCE Reading K-12 Exam Study Guide
Questions and Answers Graded A+ 2025
Ability Grouping -Correct Answers ✔-Grouping of children with similar needs for
instructional purposes. They do not remain constant throughout the year but
change as the children's needs within them change.
Phoneme -Correct Answers ✔-The smallest unit of speech that can be used to
make one word different from another word.
Independent Reading Level -Correct Answers ✔-The level at which a student can
read a text on his/her own as indicated by a 95% accuracy rate.
Grapheme -Correct Answers ✔-Unit of writing that represents a single phoneme-
can be a letter or group of letters.
Morpheme -Correct Answers ✔-Smallest meaningful unit in the grammar of
language (e.g., in, come, -ing, forming incoming ).
Instructional Level -Correct Answers ✔-The level at which students can read with
the assistace of a teacher as indicated by an 85-95% accuracy rate.
Action Research -Correct Answers ✔-Teacher research that is carried out by a
teacher practitioner in the classroom to help a teacher evaluate his/her performance
in the classroom
Frustration Level -Correct Answers ✔-The level at which students shouldn't read
and indicates an accuracy rate below 85%.
Adams, Marilyn Jager -Correct Answers ✔-A theorist in early reading (emergent
reading) who has identified five tasks for phonemic awareness: Task 1- Ability to
hear rhymes and alliteration. Task 2- Ability to do oddity tasks (recognize the
FTCE
,FTCE
member of a set that is different.) Task 3 -The ability to orally blend words and
split syllables. Task 4 -The ability to orally segment word. Task 5- The ability to
do phonics manipulation tasks.
Allington, Richard -Correct Answers ✔-Matching Text to Readers. Research has
included reading and learning disabilities, and effective instruction in classroom
settings.
Alliteration -Correct Answers ✔-Occurs when words begin with the same
consonant sound, as in Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
Alphabetic Principle -Correct Answers ✔-The idea that written spellings represent
spoken words. Also known as graphophenemic awareness.
Anchor Book -Correct Answers ✔-A balanced literacy term for a book that is
purposely read repeatedly and used as part of both the reading and writing
workshop. It is a good idea to use certain books that become the children's familiar
and cherished favorites for both reading and inspiring children's writing.
Assonance -Correct Answers ✔-Repetition of stressed vowel sounds within words
with different end consonants. "Fleet feet sweep by sleeping geese".
Atwell, Nancy -Correct Answers ✔-Author of "In The Middle: Writing, Reading
and Learning With Adolescents". She believes that students become better writers
if they are given ownership of what they are writing and long uninterrupted blocks
of time to write. Rejects lectures, assignments, tests and worksheets. Mini-lessons
are good to address topics as needed.
Authentic Assessment -Correct Answers ✔-Assessment activities that reflect the
actual workplace, family, community, and school curriculum.
Balanced Literacy Lesson Format -Correct Answers ✔-A format for the delivery of
a literacy lesson, whether it is a reading or writing-workshop lesson. The format
FTCE
, FTCE
begins with a 10-15 minute mini-lesson delivered by the teacher to the whole class.
This mini-lesson is then followed by a thirty-minute small-group lesson (the
children break into small groups to work). It concludes with a 10-minute share
session during which the whole class reconvenes to share what they have done in
the small groups. This format is often referred to as the whole-small-whole group
approach.
Behaviorism -Correct Answers ✔-Learning is the acquisition of new behavior
through conditioning. Three basic assumptions are held to be true. First, learning is
manifested by a change in behavior. Second, the environment shapes behavior.
And third, the principles of contiguity (how close in time two events must be for a
bond to be formed) and reinforcement (any means of increasing the likelihood that
an event will be repeated) are central to explaining the learning process.
Benchmarks -Correct Answers ✔-School, state, or nationally-mandated statements
of expectations for student learning and achievement in various content areas.
BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (An ELL/Bilingual Education
term) -Correct Answers ✔-Learning second-language skills and becoming
proficient in a second language through face to face interaction-translation through
speaking, listening, and viewing.
Big Books -Correct Answers ✔-Best way to model directionality and one to one
word matching in primary grades.
Blending -Correct Answers ✔-The process of hearing separate phonemes and
being able to merge them together to read the word.
Book Features -Correct Answers ✔-Children need to be familiar with the
following: front and back cover; title and half-title page; dedication page; table of
contents; prologue and epilogue; and foreword and after notes. For factual books,
children need to be familiar with labels, captions, glossary, index, headings and
subheadings of chapters, charts and diagrams, and sidebars.
FTCE
FTCE Reading K-12 Exam Study Guide
Questions and Answers Graded A+ 2025
Ability Grouping -Correct Answers ✔-Grouping of children with similar needs for
instructional purposes. They do not remain constant throughout the year but
change as the children's needs within them change.
Phoneme -Correct Answers ✔-The smallest unit of speech that can be used to
make one word different from another word.
Independent Reading Level -Correct Answers ✔-The level at which a student can
read a text on his/her own as indicated by a 95% accuracy rate.
Grapheme -Correct Answers ✔-Unit of writing that represents a single phoneme-
can be a letter or group of letters.
Morpheme -Correct Answers ✔-Smallest meaningful unit in the grammar of
language (e.g., in, come, -ing, forming incoming ).
Instructional Level -Correct Answers ✔-The level at which students can read with
the assistace of a teacher as indicated by an 85-95% accuracy rate.
Action Research -Correct Answers ✔-Teacher research that is carried out by a
teacher practitioner in the classroom to help a teacher evaluate his/her performance
in the classroom
Frustration Level -Correct Answers ✔-The level at which students shouldn't read
and indicates an accuracy rate below 85%.
Adams, Marilyn Jager -Correct Answers ✔-A theorist in early reading (emergent
reading) who has identified five tasks for phonemic awareness: Task 1- Ability to
hear rhymes and alliteration. Task 2- Ability to do oddity tasks (recognize the
FTCE
,FTCE
member of a set that is different.) Task 3 -The ability to orally blend words and
split syllables. Task 4 -The ability to orally segment word. Task 5- The ability to
do phonics manipulation tasks.
Allington, Richard -Correct Answers ✔-Matching Text to Readers. Research has
included reading and learning disabilities, and effective instruction in classroom
settings.
Alliteration -Correct Answers ✔-Occurs when words begin with the same
consonant sound, as in Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
Alphabetic Principle -Correct Answers ✔-The idea that written spellings represent
spoken words. Also known as graphophenemic awareness.
Anchor Book -Correct Answers ✔-A balanced literacy term for a book that is
purposely read repeatedly and used as part of both the reading and writing
workshop. It is a good idea to use certain books that become the children's familiar
and cherished favorites for both reading and inspiring children's writing.
Assonance -Correct Answers ✔-Repetition of stressed vowel sounds within words
with different end consonants. "Fleet feet sweep by sleeping geese".
Atwell, Nancy -Correct Answers ✔-Author of "In The Middle: Writing, Reading
and Learning With Adolescents". She believes that students become better writers
if they are given ownership of what they are writing and long uninterrupted blocks
of time to write. Rejects lectures, assignments, tests and worksheets. Mini-lessons
are good to address topics as needed.
Authentic Assessment -Correct Answers ✔-Assessment activities that reflect the
actual workplace, family, community, and school curriculum.
Balanced Literacy Lesson Format -Correct Answers ✔-A format for the delivery of
a literacy lesson, whether it is a reading or writing-workshop lesson. The format
FTCE
, FTCE
begins with a 10-15 minute mini-lesson delivered by the teacher to the whole class.
This mini-lesson is then followed by a thirty-minute small-group lesson (the
children break into small groups to work). It concludes with a 10-minute share
session during which the whole class reconvenes to share what they have done in
the small groups. This format is often referred to as the whole-small-whole group
approach.
Behaviorism -Correct Answers ✔-Learning is the acquisition of new behavior
through conditioning. Three basic assumptions are held to be true. First, learning is
manifested by a change in behavior. Second, the environment shapes behavior.
And third, the principles of contiguity (how close in time two events must be for a
bond to be formed) and reinforcement (any means of increasing the likelihood that
an event will be repeated) are central to explaining the learning process.
Benchmarks -Correct Answers ✔-School, state, or nationally-mandated statements
of expectations for student learning and achievement in various content areas.
BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (An ELL/Bilingual Education
term) -Correct Answers ✔-Learning second-language skills and becoming
proficient in a second language through face to face interaction-translation through
speaking, listening, and viewing.
Big Books -Correct Answers ✔-Best way to model directionality and one to one
word matching in primary grades.
Blending -Correct Answers ✔-The process of hearing separate phonemes and
being able to merge them together to read the word.
Book Features -Correct Answers ✔-Children need to be familiar with the
following: front and back cover; title and half-title page; dedication page; table of
contents; prologue and epilogue; and foreword and after notes. For factual books,
children need to be familiar with labels, captions, glossary, index, headings and
subheadings of chapters, charts and diagrams, and sidebars.
FTCE
