Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th Edition —
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
Chapter & Subtopic: Ch 1 – Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing,
“Infant Mortality”
Question Stem: A public-health nurse is comparing international
infant-mortality rates. Which single factor is the most accurate
predictor of a nation’s infant-mortality ranking?
A. Total number of pediatric intensive-care beds
B. Percentage of infants exclusively breast-fed at 6 months
C. Percentage of pregnant women receiving first-trimester
prenatal care
D. National expenditure on pediatric specialty residencies
Correct Answer: C
Rationales
Correct: First-trimester prenatal care is the strongest modifiable
predictor of infant survival because it permits early detection
and treatment of maternal/fetal risk factors (Wong Ch 1, Infant
Mortality section).
Incorrect: A – Bed numbers reflect critical-care capacity but not
primary prevention; B – Breast-feeding reduces morbidity but
has less impact on mortality than prenatal care; D – Specialty
training is important yet distal to mortality outcomes.
,Teaching Point: Early prenatal care is the cornerstone of infant-
mortality reduction.
2.
Chapter & Subtopic: Ch 1 – Health Promotion, “Role of the
Pediatric Nurse in Disease Prevention”
Question Stem: A school nurse is planning a primary-prevention
session for 5th graders. Which activity best exemplifies primary
prevention?
A. Screening vision with a Snellen chart
B. Teaching correct helmet use while bicycling
C. Referring a child with asthma for pulmonary function testing
D. Administering albuterol for exercise-induced bronchospasm
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: Teaching helmet use prevents injury before it occurs—
classic primary prevention (Wong Ch 1, Disease Prevention
section).
Incorrect: A & C are secondary (screening/diagnosis); D is
tertiary (treatment of existing condition).
Teaching Point: Primary prevention averts disease/injury before
it happens.
3.
,Chapter & Subtopic: Ch 1 – The Art of Pediatric Nursing,
“Therapeutic Relationship”
Question Stem: Which nurse behavior most effectively
establishes a therapeutic relationship with a hospitalized 4-
year-old?
A. Offering a choice of two colored bandages for an IV site
B. Explaining the pathophysiology of dehydration to the parents
C. Promising “no shots” during the stay
D. Completing the admission assessment in 10 minutes
Correct Answer: A
Rationales
Correct: Offering developmentally appropriate choices gives
control and builds trust (Wong Ch 1, Therapeutic Relationship
section).
Incorrect: B – Useful for parents, not the preschooler; C –
Creates false reassurance; D – Speed does not equal rapport.
Teaching Point: Age-appropriate choices foster trust with young
children.
4.
Chapter & Subtopic: Ch 1 – Clinical Judgment, “Recognize &
Analyze Cues”
Question Stem: A 6-month-old presents with fever, irritability,
and a bulging anterior fontanel. Which cue requires the most
immediate analysis?
, A. Mother reports decreased oral intake for 2 days
B. Fontanel tension
C. Heart rate 160 beats/min when crying
D. Temperature 38.2 °C
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: Bulging fontanel signals increased intracranial
pressure—potential meningitis—requiring urgent action (Wong
Ch 1, Clinical Judgment section).
Incorrect: A, C, D are important but less immediately life-
threatening than CNS involvement.
Teaching Point: Bulging fontanel is a red-flag neurologic cue.
5.
Chapter & Subtopic: Ch 1 – Nutrition, “Obesity and Type 2
Diabetes”
Question Stem: A 10-year-old at the 95th percentile BMI asks
for snack ideas. Which nurse-suggested option best supports
glycemic control?
A. 8 oz fruit-flavored yogurt
B. 1 oz cheese with whole-grain crackers
C. 12 oz sports drink
D. ½ cup applesauce
Correct Answer: B
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
Chapter & Subtopic: Ch 1 – Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing,
“Infant Mortality”
Question Stem: A public-health nurse is comparing international
infant-mortality rates. Which single factor is the most accurate
predictor of a nation’s infant-mortality ranking?
A. Total number of pediatric intensive-care beds
B. Percentage of infants exclusively breast-fed at 6 months
C. Percentage of pregnant women receiving first-trimester
prenatal care
D. National expenditure on pediatric specialty residencies
Correct Answer: C
Rationales
Correct: First-trimester prenatal care is the strongest modifiable
predictor of infant survival because it permits early detection
and treatment of maternal/fetal risk factors (Wong Ch 1, Infant
Mortality section).
Incorrect: A – Bed numbers reflect critical-care capacity but not
primary prevention; B – Breast-feeding reduces morbidity but
has less impact on mortality than prenatal care; D – Specialty
training is important yet distal to mortality outcomes.
,Teaching Point: Early prenatal care is the cornerstone of infant-
mortality reduction.
2.
Chapter & Subtopic: Ch 1 – Health Promotion, “Role of the
Pediatric Nurse in Disease Prevention”
Question Stem: A school nurse is planning a primary-prevention
session for 5th graders. Which activity best exemplifies primary
prevention?
A. Screening vision with a Snellen chart
B. Teaching correct helmet use while bicycling
C. Referring a child with asthma for pulmonary function testing
D. Administering albuterol for exercise-induced bronchospasm
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: Teaching helmet use prevents injury before it occurs—
classic primary prevention (Wong Ch 1, Disease Prevention
section).
Incorrect: A & C are secondary (screening/diagnosis); D is
tertiary (treatment of existing condition).
Teaching Point: Primary prevention averts disease/injury before
it happens.
3.
,Chapter & Subtopic: Ch 1 – The Art of Pediatric Nursing,
“Therapeutic Relationship”
Question Stem: Which nurse behavior most effectively
establishes a therapeutic relationship with a hospitalized 4-
year-old?
A. Offering a choice of two colored bandages for an IV site
B. Explaining the pathophysiology of dehydration to the parents
C. Promising “no shots” during the stay
D. Completing the admission assessment in 10 minutes
Correct Answer: A
Rationales
Correct: Offering developmentally appropriate choices gives
control and builds trust (Wong Ch 1, Therapeutic Relationship
section).
Incorrect: B – Useful for parents, not the preschooler; C –
Creates false reassurance; D – Speed does not equal rapport.
Teaching Point: Age-appropriate choices foster trust with young
children.
4.
Chapter & Subtopic: Ch 1 – Clinical Judgment, “Recognize &
Analyze Cues”
Question Stem: A 6-month-old presents with fever, irritability,
and a bulging anterior fontanel. Which cue requires the most
immediate analysis?
, A. Mother reports decreased oral intake for 2 days
B. Fontanel tension
C. Heart rate 160 beats/min when crying
D. Temperature 38.2 °C
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct: Bulging fontanel signals increased intracranial
pressure—potential meningitis—requiring urgent action (Wong
Ch 1, Clinical Judgment section).
Incorrect: A, C, D are important but less immediately life-
threatening than CNS involvement.
Teaching Point: Bulging fontanel is a red-flag neurologic cue.
5.
Chapter & Subtopic: Ch 1 – Nutrition, “Obesity and Type 2
Diabetes”
Question Stem: A 10-year-old at the 95th percentile BMI asks
for snack ideas. Which nurse-suggested option best supports
glycemic control?
A. 8 oz fruit-flavored yogurt
B. 1 oz cheese with whole-grain crackers
C. 12 oz sports drink
D. ½ cup applesauce
Correct Answer: B
