1|Page
ASU MIC 205 PENTON EXAM 1 LATEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED|| ||BRANDNEW!!!||
What is the main function of the plasma membrane? - ANSWER-
The plasma membrane regulates the movement of substances
into and out of the cell.
How does the plasma membrane maintain homeostasis? -
ANSWER-by controlling what enters and exits the cell, using both
passive and active transport.
How do bacteria reproduce? How is the cytoskeleton involved in
this process? - ANSWER-Bacteria reproduce primarily through
binary fission, where one cell divides into two identical cells. The
cytoskeleton aids in this process by helping to organize the cell's
structure, ensuring proper division and separation of genetic
material.
What is the implication of bacteria not having a nucleus while
eukaryotes do, in terms of transcription and translation? -
ANSWER-Bacteria don't have a nucleus, so they can make RNA
,2|Page
and proteins right next to each other in the cytoplasm at the same
time
since eukaryotes have a nucleus they need to first make RNA in
the nucleus, then move it to the cytoplasm for protein production.
Bacteria can respond quicker to changes
Understand osmosis and tonicity (isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic).
- ANSWER-Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-
permeable membrane.
isotonic solutions: water movement is balanced
Hypertonic solutions: water moves out of the cell, causing it to
shrink
hypotonic solutions water moves into the cell, causing it to swell.
What are the key structural parts of a prokaryote? - ANSWER-
Plasma membrane, cell wall, ribosomes, genetic material
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What is the function of the plasma membrane in a prokaryote? -
ANSWER-Regulates transport
What is the function of the cell wall in a prokaryote? - ANSWER-
Provides shape and protection
What is the function of ribosomes in a prokaryote? - ANSWER-
ribosomes read MRNA to build amino acid chains that then later
fold into proteins
What is the function of genetic material in a prokaryote? -
ANSWER-Circular DNA
(INSTRUCTIONS FOR LIFE)
(helps in cell division, produces proteins, and allows for
adaptation to new challenges!)
What are some additional structures that may be found in a
prokaryote? - ANSWER-Flagella (movement) or pili (attachment)
, 4|Page
What is the fluid mosaic model? Describe the composition of the
cell membrane. - ANSWER-a flexible structure made up of a
phospholipid bilayer, with proteins, carbohydrates, and cholesterol
embedded in it.
allows the membrane to be dynamic and functional, supporting
various cellular processes.
What are the characteristics of staphylococcus versus
streptococcus? - ANSWER-Staphylococcus is typically spherical
(cocci), forms clusters, and is catalase-positive. Streptococcus is
also spherical but forms chains and is catalase-negative. Their
arrangements influence pathogenicity and identification.
What is the role of peptidoglycan and composition? - ANSWER-
Peptidoglycan provides structural support to bacterial cell walls,
preventing lysis. It consists of a polymer of sugars (Nag and
nam).
ASU MIC 205 PENTON EXAM 1 LATEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED|| ||BRANDNEW!!!||
What is the main function of the plasma membrane? - ANSWER-
The plasma membrane regulates the movement of substances
into and out of the cell.
How does the plasma membrane maintain homeostasis? -
ANSWER-by controlling what enters and exits the cell, using both
passive and active transport.
How do bacteria reproduce? How is the cytoskeleton involved in
this process? - ANSWER-Bacteria reproduce primarily through
binary fission, where one cell divides into two identical cells. The
cytoskeleton aids in this process by helping to organize the cell's
structure, ensuring proper division and separation of genetic
material.
What is the implication of bacteria not having a nucleus while
eukaryotes do, in terms of transcription and translation? -
ANSWER-Bacteria don't have a nucleus, so they can make RNA
,2|Page
and proteins right next to each other in the cytoplasm at the same
time
since eukaryotes have a nucleus they need to first make RNA in
the nucleus, then move it to the cytoplasm for protein production.
Bacteria can respond quicker to changes
Understand osmosis and tonicity (isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic).
- ANSWER-Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-
permeable membrane.
isotonic solutions: water movement is balanced
Hypertonic solutions: water moves out of the cell, causing it to
shrink
hypotonic solutions water moves into the cell, causing it to swell.
What are the key structural parts of a prokaryote? - ANSWER-
Plasma membrane, cell wall, ribosomes, genetic material
,3|Page
What is the function of the plasma membrane in a prokaryote? -
ANSWER-Regulates transport
What is the function of the cell wall in a prokaryote? - ANSWER-
Provides shape and protection
What is the function of ribosomes in a prokaryote? - ANSWER-
ribosomes read MRNA to build amino acid chains that then later
fold into proteins
What is the function of genetic material in a prokaryote? -
ANSWER-Circular DNA
(INSTRUCTIONS FOR LIFE)
(helps in cell division, produces proteins, and allows for
adaptation to new challenges!)
What are some additional structures that may be found in a
prokaryote? - ANSWER-Flagella (movement) or pili (attachment)
, 4|Page
What is the fluid mosaic model? Describe the composition of the
cell membrane. - ANSWER-a flexible structure made up of a
phospholipid bilayer, with proteins, carbohydrates, and cholesterol
embedded in it.
allows the membrane to be dynamic and functional, supporting
various cellular processes.
What are the characteristics of staphylococcus versus
streptococcus? - ANSWER-Staphylococcus is typically spherical
(cocci), forms clusters, and is catalase-positive. Streptococcus is
also spherical but forms chains and is catalase-negative. Their
arrangements influence pathogenicity and identification.
What is the role of peptidoglycan and composition? - ANSWER-
Peptidoglycan provides structural support to bacterial cell walls,
preventing lysis. It consists of a polymer of sugars (Nag and
nam).
