PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 101 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED)

PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 101 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED) . The rugs of the twisted ladder of the double helix in DNA are made of what? Correct Answer Nitrogenous bases 2. How many nitrogenous bases are there? Correct Answer 4. 3. Name the nitrogenous bases. Correct Answer Adenine (A) Guanine (G) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) 4. Which nitrogenous bases are purines? Correct Answer Adenine and Guanine 5. Which nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines? Correct Answer Thymine and Cytosine 1 / 42 6. Each nitrogenous base has a __________ __________? Correct Answer Unique Structure 7. What is the unique structure of purines? Correct Answer 2 carbon-nitrogen rings 4 nitrogen atoms 8. What is the unique structure of pyrimidines? Correct Answer 1 carbon-nitrogen ring 2 nitrogen atoms 9. How are the nitrogenous bases linked? Correct Answer Linked by deoxyribose 10. What is a base plus a deoxyribose called? Correct Answer Nucleoside 11. What is a base plus deoxyribose plus a phosphate group called? Correct Answer Nucleotide 12. What is the complimentary pair for purine? 2 / 42 Correct Answer Pyrimidine 13. What is the complimentary pair for thymine? Correct Answer Adenine 14. What is the complimentary pair for guanine? Correct Answer Cytosine 15. What are complimentary pairs held together by? Correct Answer Weak hydrogen bonds 16. Within the helical structure, what are nitrogenous bases said to be in? Correct Answer - Complimentary pairs 17. How do hydrogen bonds occur? Correct Answer When 2 negatively charged atoms share a hydrogen atom. 18. How many hydrogen bonds are formed bonds when adenine pairs with thymine? 3 / 42 Correct Answer 2 hydrogen bonds 19. How many hydrogen bonds are formed when guanine pairs with cytosine? Correct Answer 3 hydrogen bonds 20. What are nucleotides linked to? Correct Answer A polynucleotide chain. 21. Polynucleotide chains are ordered in a what? Correct Answer Sequence 22. What defines an entire organism? Correct Answer Polynucleotide chains in a unique sequence 23. Each strand or leg of the DNA ladder has what? Correct Answer Polarity 24. What does polarity do? Correct Answer Give directionality 4 / 42 25. How is polarity determined? Correct Answer The direction the nucleotide rungs are facing. 26. The 5' (five prime) end terminates what? Correct Answer Phosphate group 27. the 3' (three prime) strand terminates with what? Correct Answer Hydroxyl group 28. Strands are arranged in what way? Correct Answer Antiparallel arrangement 29. How are the strands in antiparallel arrangements oriented? Correct Answer One strand is in the 5'-3' orientation while the other strand is in the 3'-5' orientation. 30. What are entire sequences of paired bases called? Correct Answer Genome 31. How much DNA is in a human cell 5 / 42 Correct Answer 2 meters (6.5 ft) worth 32. What is tightly coiled and packaged with DNA that is needed for DNA replication? Correct Answer Histone Proteins 33. What are DNA sequences and their associated proteins called? Correct Answer Chromatin 34. What are the structures chromatin complexes are packed into? Correct Answer Chromosomes 35. How many copies of a chromosome are there and where do they come from? Correct Answer 2 and from each parent 36. Where are chromosomes located at? Correct Answer Within the nucleus of somatic cells. 37. Describe somatic cells Correct Answer All the body's cells except gametes 6 / 42 38. What are gametes? Correct Answer Sperm and egg cells. 39. How many chromosomes does a somatic cell have? Correct Answer 46 chromosomes 40. Cellular division (mitosis) requires a high degree of __________ to ensure __________ are produced Correct Answer Specificity, identical cellular duplicates 41. Describe the cell cycle. Correct Answer Cycle of a parent cell replicating it's dna and forming 2 daughter cells. 42. What are the 4 phases of the cell cycle? Correct Answer Gap phase 1 (G1) DNA Synthesis (S-phase) Gap phase 2 (G2) Mitotic phase (M-phase) 43. What are the two smaller phases of the M-phase?