NRS 2010 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: FINAL EXAM
PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
SOLUTIONS!!
A nurse is teaching staff about antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Which information
should the nurse include? Secretion of ADH is stimulated by:
a. Increased serum potassium
b. Increased plasma osmolality
c. Decreased renal blood flow
d. Generalized edema Answer - b
Which statement by staff indicates teaching was successful concerning
aldosterone? Secretion of aldosterone results in:
a. Decreased plasma osmolality
b. Increased serum potassium levels
c. Increased blood volume Answer - c
Which of the following patients is the most at risk for developing
hypernatremia? A patient with:
a. vomiting
b. diuretic use
,c. dehydration
d. hyperaldosteronism Answer - c
Which of the following conditions would cause the nurse to monitor for
hyperkalemia?
a. Excess aldosterone
b. Acute acidosis
c. Insulin usage
d. Metabolic alkalosis Answer - b
Which organ system should the nurse monitor when the patient has long-term
potassium deficits?
a. Central nervous system (CNS)
b. Lungs
c. Kidneys
d. Gastrointestinal tract Answer - c
A 25-year-old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the
adrenal cortex. Which finding would the nurse expect to see in the lab results?
a. Decreased blood volume
b. Decreased blood K+ levels
c. Increased urine Na+ levels
d. Increased white blood cells Answer - b
,A 42-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting muscle
weakness and cardiac abnormalities. Laboratory tests indicate that she is
hypokalemic. Which of the following could be the cause of her condition?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Constipation
c. Hypoglycemia
d. Laxative abuse Answer - d
A 19-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting restlessness,
muscle cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. Which
of the following could have caused this condition?
a. Primary hyperaldosteronism
b. Acidosis
c. Insulin secretion
d. Diuretic use Answer - b
A 60-year-old is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which assessment finding
should the nurse expect to observe?
a. Weak pulse
b. Excessive thirst
c. Oliguria
d. Constipation Answer - c
Which patient is most prone to metabolic alkalosis? A patient with:
, a. retention of metabolic acids
b. hypoaldosteronism
c. excessive loss of chloride
d. hyperventilation Answer - c
Which patient should the nurse assess for both hyperkalemia and metabolic
acidosis? A patient diagnosed with:
a. diabetes insipidus
b. pulmonary disorders
c. Cushing syndrome
d. renal failure Answer - d
Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis?
a. Vomiting
b. Hyperventilation
c. Pneumonia
d. An increase in noncarbonic acids Answer - c
A 54-year-old male with a long history of smoking complains of excessive
tiredness, shortness of breath, and overall ill feelings. Lab results reveal
decreased pH, increased CO2, and normal bicarbonate ion. These findings help
to confirm the diagnosis of:
a. respiratory alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
SOLUTIONS!!
A nurse is teaching staff about antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Which information
should the nurse include? Secretion of ADH is stimulated by:
a. Increased serum potassium
b. Increased plasma osmolality
c. Decreased renal blood flow
d. Generalized edema Answer - b
Which statement by staff indicates teaching was successful concerning
aldosterone? Secretion of aldosterone results in:
a. Decreased plasma osmolality
b. Increased serum potassium levels
c. Increased blood volume Answer - c
Which of the following patients is the most at risk for developing
hypernatremia? A patient with:
a. vomiting
b. diuretic use
,c. dehydration
d. hyperaldosteronism Answer - c
Which of the following conditions would cause the nurse to monitor for
hyperkalemia?
a. Excess aldosterone
b. Acute acidosis
c. Insulin usage
d. Metabolic alkalosis Answer - b
Which organ system should the nurse monitor when the patient has long-term
potassium deficits?
a. Central nervous system (CNS)
b. Lungs
c. Kidneys
d. Gastrointestinal tract Answer - c
A 25-year-old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the
adrenal cortex. Which finding would the nurse expect to see in the lab results?
a. Decreased blood volume
b. Decreased blood K+ levels
c. Increased urine Na+ levels
d. Increased white blood cells Answer - b
,A 42-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting muscle
weakness and cardiac abnormalities. Laboratory tests indicate that she is
hypokalemic. Which of the following could be the cause of her condition?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Constipation
c. Hypoglycemia
d. Laxative abuse Answer - d
A 19-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting restlessness,
muscle cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. Which
of the following could have caused this condition?
a. Primary hyperaldosteronism
b. Acidosis
c. Insulin secretion
d. Diuretic use Answer - b
A 60-year-old is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which assessment finding
should the nurse expect to observe?
a. Weak pulse
b. Excessive thirst
c. Oliguria
d. Constipation Answer - c
Which patient is most prone to metabolic alkalosis? A patient with:
, a. retention of metabolic acids
b. hypoaldosteronism
c. excessive loss of chloride
d. hyperventilation Answer - c
Which patient should the nurse assess for both hyperkalemia and metabolic
acidosis? A patient diagnosed with:
a. diabetes insipidus
b. pulmonary disorders
c. Cushing syndrome
d. renal failure Answer - d
Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis?
a. Vomiting
b. Hyperventilation
c. Pneumonia
d. An increase in noncarbonic acids Answer - c
A 54-year-old male with a long history of smoking complains of excessive
tiredness, shortness of breath, and overall ill feelings. Lab results reveal
decreased pH, increased CO2, and normal bicarbonate ion. These findings help
to confirm the diagnosis of:
a. respiratory alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
