Science / Medicine/ Hematology
NURS 6501 Walden University -
Advanced Pathophysiology
Midterm Exam / Complete
Actual Exam Questions and
Correct Detailed Answers
2025/2026| Already graded A+
Page 1
,A 4-year-old child appears listless for the last week. He Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
complains of pain when he is picked up by his mother, and
he is irritable when touching his arms or legs. Several
large ecchymotic lesions have appeared on his right thigh
and left shoulder. A complete blood count reveals a
HgB=10.2, Hct=30.5%, MCV=96fL,
platelet count of 45,000/ML, and WBC count of
13,990/ML. Examination of the peripheral blood smear
reveals numerous blasts. The blasts lack peroxidase-
positive granules but do contain periodic acid-Schiff
(PAS)-positive aggregates and stain positively for TdT. Flow
cytometry shows the phenotype of blasts to be CD19+,
CD3-, and sIg-. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
B. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
(CLL)
C. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
D. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
A 3-year-old child of Italian ancestry presents with failure to Reduced synthesis of hemoglobin F
thrive.
Physical examination indicates hepatosplenomegaly. His
hemoglobin concentration is 6 g/dL, and the peripheral
blood smear reveals severely hypochromic microcytic red
cells. Total serum iron level is normal. The reticulocyte count
is 10%. Hemoglobin electrophoresis shows very little
hemoglobin A. A radiograph of the skull shows
maxillofacial deformities. What is the principle cause of
anemia and other abnormalities in this patient?
A. Reduced synthesis of hemoglobin F
B. Reduced red blood cell survival from an imbalance in
the production of alpha and beta globin chains
C. Relative deficiency of vitamin B12
D. Increased fragility of the erythrocyte
membrane
Page 2
, QUESTIONS ANSWERS
A 68-year-old previously healthy female has been feeling Gastrointestinal blood loss
increasingly tired and weak for several months. She states that she
has had black, tarry stools for several weeks. She is found to be
anemic with a hemoglobin concentration of 9.3g/dL. The peripheral
blood smear reveals microcytic and hypochromic blood cells.
Which of the following conditions should be suspected as the most
likely of her condition as indicated by the peripheral blood smear?
A. Aplastic anemia
B. Beta thalassemia
C. Gastrointestinal blood loss
D. Pernicious anemi
A 76-year-old female notices that small, pinpoint to blotchy areas Vitamin C deficiency
of superficial hemorrhage have appeared on her gums and on the
skin of her arms and legs over several weeks. She is found to have a
normal prothrombin time(PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT).
Her CBC shows hemoglobin concentration of
12.7 g/dL, hematocrit of 37.2%. MCV of 80 fL/red cell, platelet count
of 276,000/microliter, and WBC of 5600/microliter. Her template
bleeding time is 3 minutes. Her fibrinogen level is normal, and there
are no fibrin split products detectable. Which of the following
conditions best explain these findings?
A. Chronic renal failure
B. Macronodular cirrhosis
C. Vitamin B12 deficiency
D. Vitamin C deficiency
A young adult patient has just been diagnosed with Von Willebrand You may have excessive bleeding following tooth extraction
disease. Which of the following statements should you make to
advise the patient of potential consequences of this disease?
A. You may need an allogeneic bone marrow transplant
B. You may have excessive bleeding following tooth extraction
C. A splenectomy may be necessary to control the disease
D. Expect increasing difficulties with joint mobility
Page 3
NURS 6501 Walden University -
Advanced Pathophysiology
Midterm Exam / Complete
Actual Exam Questions and
Correct Detailed Answers
2025/2026| Already graded A+
Page 1
,A 4-year-old child appears listless for the last week. He Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
complains of pain when he is picked up by his mother, and
he is irritable when touching his arms or legs. Several
large ecchymotic lesions have appeared on his right thigh
and left shoulder. A complete blood count reveals a
HgB=10.2, Hct=30.5%, MCV=96fL,
platelet count of 45,000/ML, and WBC count of
13,990/ML. Examination of the peripheral blood smear
reveals numerous blasts. The blasts lack peroxidase-
positive granules but do contain periodic acid-Schiff
(PAS)-positive aggregates and stain positively for TdT. Flow
cytometry shows the phenotype of blasts to be CD19+,
CD3-, and sIg-. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
B. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
(CLL)
C. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
D. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
A 3-year-old child of Italian ancestry presents with failure to Reduced synthesis of hemoglobin F
thrive.
Physical examination indicates hepatosplenomegaly. His
hemoglobin concentration is 6 g/dL, and the peripheral
blood smear reveals severely hypochromic microcytic red
cells. Total serum iron level is normal. The reticulocyte count
is 10%. Hemoglobin electrophoresis shows very little
hemoglobin A. A radiograph of the skull shows
maxillofacial deformities. What is the principle cause of
anemia and other abnormalities in this patient?
A. Reduced synthesis of hemoglobin F
B. Reduced red blood cell survival from an imbalance in
the production of alpha and beta globin chains
C. Relative deficiency of vitamin B12
D. Increased fragility of the erythrocyte
membrane
Page 2
, QUESTIONS ANSWERS
A 68-year-old previously healthy female has been feeling Gastrointestinal blood loss
increasingly tired and weak for several months. She states that she
has had black, tarry stools for several weeks. She is found to be
anemic with a hemoglobin concentration of 9.3g/dL. The peripheral
blood smear reveals microcytic and hypochromic blood cells.
Which of the following conditions should be suspected as the most
likely of her condition as indicated by the peripheral blood smear?
A. Aplastic anemia
B. Beta thalassemia
C. Gastrointestinal blood loss
D. Pernicious anemi
A 76-year-old female notices that small, pinpoint to blotchy areas Vitamin C deficiency
of superficial hemorrhage have appeared on her gums and on the
skin of her arms and legs over several weeks. She is found to have a
normal prothrombin time(PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT).
Her CBC shows hemoglobin concentration of
12.7 g/dL, hematocrit of 37.2%. MCV of 80 fL/red cell, platelet count
of 276,000/microliter, and WBC of 5600/microliter. Her template
bleeding time is 3 minutes. Her fibrinogen level is normal, and there
are no fibrin split products detectable. Which of the following
conditions best explain these findings?
A. Chronic renal failure
B. Macronodular cirrhosis
C. Vitamin B12 deficiency
D. Vitamin C deficiency
A young adult patient has just been diagnosed with Von Willebrand You may have excessive bleeding following tooth extraction
disease. Which of the following statements should you make to
advise the patient of potential consequences of this disease?
A. You may need an allogeneic bone marrow transplant
B. You may have excessive bleeding following tooth extraction
C. A splenectomy may be necessary to control the disease
D. Expect increasing difficulties with joint mobility
Page 3
