Chapter 01: Health and Wellness in an Aging Society Touhy: Ebersole & Hess' Toward
Healthy Aging, 9th Edition
MULTIPLEiCHOICE
1. WheniaskedibyinewiparentsiwhatitheilifeiexpectancyiisiforitheiriAfricaniAmericaninewborn,ithei
nurseirepliesithat,i“2010istatisticsiindicateithatiyourison:
a.
willihaveiailifeiexpectancyiofiapproximatelyi65iyears.”
b.
canirealisticallyiexpectitoiliveiintoihisilatei80s.”
c.
hasiaigoodichanceioficelebratingihisi75thibirthday.”
d.
isilikelyitoiliveiintoihisilatei90s.”
ANS:i C
Ini2010,imeniinitheiUnitediStatesiatiagei60icaniexpectitoiliveianotheri22iyears.iTheilifeiexpectancyi
ofiAfricaniAmericanimeniisiabouti4.7iyearsilessithaniwhiteimen.iOfitheioptionsiabove,iCiisitheionl
yiresponseithatifitsiintoithoseiparameters.iTheiotherioptionsiareinotisupportedibyireliableiresearch.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iUnderstanding
REF:i p.i3iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
2. Ainurseiisiplanningicareiforiaigroupiofisuper-
centenariansiinianiassistedilivingifacility.iTheinurseiconsidersiwhichiofitheifollowing?
a.
Mostisuper-
centenariansiareifunctionallyiindependentiorirequireiminimaliassistanceiwi
thiactivitiesiofidailyiliving
b.
Theimajorityiofisuper-centenariansihaveicognitiveiimpairment
c.
Theinumberiofisuper-
centenariansiisiexpecteditoidecreaseiinicomingiyearsiasiairesultiofiheartidiseaseian
distroke
d.
Itiisitheorizedithatisuper-
centenariansisurvivediasilongiasitheyihaveidueitoigeneticimutationsithatimadeithemile
ssisusceptibleitoicommonidiseases
ANS:i A
Researchisupportsithatimostisuper-
centenariansiareifunctionallyiandicognitivelyiintact,irequiringiminimaliassistanceiwithiADLs.iTh
einumberiofisuper-
centenariansiisiexpecteditoiincreaseiinicomingiyearsiasitheinumberiofiolderiadultsiincreases.iTheir
easoniwhyiindividualsisurvivediasilongiasitheyihaveiisinotiknown.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iRemembering
REF:i p.i4iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
3. Oneireasoniwhyimanyi“babyiboomers”ihaveimultipleichroniciconditionsisuchiasiheartidisease,idia
betes,iandiarthritisiisithat:
a.
theyihaveilessiaccessitoimedicationiandiotheritreatmentiregimens.
b.
thereiwasiailackiofiimportanceiplacedionihealthyilivingiasitheyiwereigrowingiup.
c.
theyididinotihaveiaccessitoiimmunizationsiagainsticommunicableidiseaseiwhenith
eyiwereichildren.
d.
theyigrewiupiinianieraiofirampantipovertyiandimalnutrition.
, ANS:i B
Theibabyiboomers,iindividualsibornibetweeni1946iandi1964,ipost-
WWII,ihaveibetteriaccessitoimedicationianditreatmentiregimensithaniothericohorts.iTheyihaveiha
ditheibenefitiofitheidevelopmentiofiimmunizationsiagainsticommunicableidiseases.iTheyigrewiupi
inianieraiofiprosperityipost-
WWII.iHowever,ithereiwasiailackiofiimportanceiplacedioniwhatiweinowiconsiderihealthyilivingiw
henitheyiwereiyounger.iSmoking,iforiexample,iwasinoticondoned,ibutiwasiconsiderediaisymboliof
istatus.iCandyiinitheishapeioficigarettesiwasipopular,iandithereiwasimuchisecondhandismoke.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iRemembering
REF:i p.i6iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
4. Ainurseiisiplanningianieducationiprogramioniwellnessiiniailocalisenioricitizenicenter.iTheinurseip
lansitoiprovideieducationionitheiimportanceiofiimmunizations,iannualiphysicaliexaminations,isc
reeningiforidiabetes,iandivisioniandihearingiscreening.iItiisiimportantiforitheinurseitoiunderstandi
whichiofitheifollowing?
a.
Approximatelyi40%iofiolderiadultsi(agesi65iandiolder)iutilizeiavailableipreventiveise
rvices
b.
Preventiveistrategiesiareimoreiwidelyiusediinithei40-
64iageigroupithaniinithei65iandioveriageigroup
c.
Theiresearchionihealthipromotionistrategiesiiniolderiadultsidemonstratesithatitheyiha
veilowiefficacy
d.
Thereiisianiabundanceiofiresearchispecificitoihealthipromotioniandiaging
ANS:i A
Approximatelyi40%iofiindividuals,iagesi65iandiolder,iutilizeitheipreventiveiservicesithatiareiavai
lableitoithem.iHowever,ionlyi24%iofithoseibetweenitheiagesiofi40iandi64idoiso.iThereiisiaipaucityi
ofiresearchispecificitoihealthipromotioniandiaging;ihowever,itheiresearchithatiexistsidemonstrate
sithatihealthipromotionistrategiesiareihighlyieffective.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iUnderstanding
REF:i p.i7iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
5. Ainurseiisicaringiforiani85-year-
oldimaleiclientiwithidiabetesiiniaicommunityisetting.iTheinurseipromotesifunctionaliwellnessi
byiwhichiofitheifollowingiactivities?
a.
Encouragingitheiclientimaintainsicurrentilevelsiofiphysicaliactivity
b.
Assistingitheiclientitoireceiveiallitheirecommendedipreventiveiscreeningsithatiareiap
propriateiforihisiageigroup
c.
Teachingitheipatientihowitoiuseiairollingiwalkerisoithatiheicaniambulateiforilongeridist
ances
d.
Encouragingitheiclientitoiattendihisiweeklyichessigames
ANS:i A
Maintainingiexistingilevelsiofiphysicaliactivityiisiconsistentiwithifunctionaliwellness.iTeachingit
heiclientihowitoiuseiairollingiwalkerienablesitheiclientitoiremainiactiveiatitheihighestilevelipossibl
e,iwhichiisianiexampleiofipromotingifunctionaliwellness.iReceivingirecommendediscreeningiisia
niexampleiofipromotingibiologicaliwellness.iTheiuseiofiairollingiwalkerishouldibeibasedioniasses
smentiofiphysicaliability.iEncouragingitheiclientitoiattendiweeklyichessigamesiisianiexampleiofip
romotingisocialiwellness.
, DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iApplying
REF:i p.i10iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
6. Basedionitheicensusireportsiofi2010,itheitypicaliprofileiofiaicentenarianiinitheiUnitediStatesiincl
udesiwhichiofitheifollowingicharacteristics?
a.
AiCaucasianiwomaniwhoilivesiinianiurbaniareaiofiaiSouthernistate
b.
AniAfricaniAmericaniwomaniwhoilivesiiniairuraliareaiofiaiSouthernistate
c.
AiHispanicimaniwhoilivesiinianiurbaniareaiofiaiMidwesternistate
d.
AiCaucasianimaniwhoilivesiiniairuraliareaiofiaiMidwesternistate
ANS:i A
Basedionithei2010iU.S.iCensusidata,icentenariansiwereioverwhelminglyiwhitei(82.5%),iwomeni(
82.8%),iandilivingiiniurbaniareasiofitheiSouthernistates.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iApplying
REF:i p.i5iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
MULTIPLEiRESPONSE
1. Primaryipreventionistrategiesiforiolderiadultsiincludeiwhichiofitheifollowing?
i(Selectiallithatiapply.)
a.
Aniannualiinfluenzaiimmunizationiclinic
b.
Aismokingicessationiprogram
c.
Aiprostateiscreeningiprogram
d.
Aicardiacirehabilitationiprogram
e.
Aimealiplanningieducationiprogramiforitypei2idiabetics
ANS:i A,iB
Primaryipreventionirefersitoistrategiesithatiareiuseditoipreventianiillnessibeforeiitioccursiandimaintai
ningiwellnessiacrossitheicontinuumioficare.iImmunizationsiandismokingicessationiareiexamplesiofi
primaryiprevention.iSecondaryipreventioniisitheiearlyidetectioniofiaidiseaseioriaihealthiproblemithat
ihasialreadyideveloped.iProstateiscreeningiisianiexampleiofisecondaryiprevention.iTertiaryipreventi
oniaddressesitheineedsiofiindividualsiwhoialreadyihaveitheiriwellnessichallenged.iCardiacirehabilit
ationiandimealiplanningiforidiabeticsiareiexamplesiofitertiaryiprevention.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iApplying REF:i pp.i8–
9iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iManagementiofiCare
2. Ainurseiorganizesiaihealthifairiforiolderiadults.iTheinurse’sigoaliisitoifocusionitheisixipriorityiarea
siidentifiedibyitheiNationaliPreventioniCouncil.iWhichiofitheifollowingiactivitiesishoulditheinurs
eiinclude?i(Selectiallithatiapply.)
a.
Smokingicessation
b.
Depressioniscreening
c.
Recognizingielderiabuse
d.
Cholesteroliscreening
e.
Fitnessitraining
, ANS:i A,iB,iC
TheisixipriorityiareasiofitheiNationaliPreventioniCounciliincludeitobacco-
freeiliving,ipreventingidrugiabuseiandiexcessiveialcoholiuse,ihealthyieating,iinjury-iandiviolence-
freeiliving,ireproductiveiandisexualihealth,iandimentaliandiemotionaliwell-
being.iSmokingicessation,idepressioniscreening,iandirecognizingielderiabuseiallidirectlyiaddressit
heseiareas.iWhileicholesteroliscreeningiandifitnessitrainingiareiimportantiforiolderiadults,itheyidoi
notiaddressitheseisixipriorityiareas.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iAnalyzing
REF:i p.i8iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
3. Thei“in-
between”igenerationi(individualsibornibetweeni1915iandi1945)iwereisubjectitoiwhichiofitheifollo
wingihealthichallengesiduringitheirichildhood?i(Selectiallithatiapply.)
a.
Polio
b.
Lackiofifluorideiinitheiwatericausingiteethitoibeisoftiandicavityiprone
c.
“PigeoniChest,”iaimalformationiofitheiribicageidueitoiailackiofivitaminiD
d.
Smallpox
e.
HIV/AIDS
ANS:i A,iB,iC
Polioiwasiaimajorifeariofithisigroup;itheipolioivaccineiwasinotiavailableiinitheiUnitediStatesiuntili
1955.iInimanyiareasiwateriwasinotifluoridated.i“PigeoniChest”iwasicommon.iSmallpoxiwasiaico
ncerniforitheicentenarians,inotithisigeneration.iHIV/
AIDSihadinotibeeniidentifiediinitheiearlyiyearsiofi1915-1945.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iRemembering
REF:i p.i5iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
4. AinursingistudentiisipreparingiaipresentationionitheiWellness-
BasediModeliforiHealthyiAging.iWhichiofitheifollowingiconceptsishoulditheistudentiincludeiinith
eipresentation?i(Selectialli thatiapply.)
a.
Healthyiagingiisidefinedibyitheiabsenceiofiphysicaliillnessialone
b.
Healthyiagingiisiindividuallyidefinediandicanichangeioveritime
c.
Thereiareimanyistrategiesitoipromoteihealthyiagingithatiareibelieveditoibeihelpfulibut
idoinotihaveiempiricalievidenceitoisupportithem
d.
Healthyiagingicannotibeiachievedibyionlyifocusingionilaterilife.iItiisiailifelongipro
cess
e.
Accordingitoithisimodel,ianiindividualiwithiaichronicidiseaseiwouldinotibeico
nsideredihealthy
ANS:i B,iC,iD
Healthyiagingiisiailifelongiprocessithatibeginsiwithibirthiandiendsiwithideath.iTheiconceptiofiheal
thyiagingifromiaiwellnessiperspectiveiisiuniquelyidefinedibyieachiindividualiandicanichangeiove
ritime.iThereiareichallengesitoiimplementingievidence-
basedipracticesionihealthyiagingibecauseithereiisiaipaucityiofiresearchionithisiarea.iTherefore,ithe
reiareimanyistrategiesithatihaveibeeniusediandidetermineditoibeieffectiveibutidoinotihaveiresearch
ievidenceisupportingithem.iTheisubcomponentsiwithitheiwellnessimodeliareifunctionaliindepend
ence,iself-
careimanagementiofiillness,ipersonaligrowth,ipositiveioutlook,iandisocialicontributioniandiactivi
tiesithatipromoteione’sihealth.
Healthy Aging, 9th Edition
MULTIPLEiCHOICE
1. WheniaskedibyinewiparentsiwhatitheilifeiexpectancyiisiforitheiriAfricaniAmericaninewborn,ithei
nurseirepliesithat,i“2010istatisticsiindicateithatiyourison:
a.
willihaveiailifeiexpectancyiofiapproximatelyi65iyears.”
b.
canirealisticallyiexpectitoiliveiintoihisilatei80s.”
c.
hasiaigoodichanceioficelebratingihisi75thibirthday.”
d.
isilikelyitoiliveiintoihisilatei90s.”
ANS:i C
Ini2010,imeniinitheiUnitediStatesiatiagei60icaniexpectitoiliveianotheri22iyears.iTheilifeiexpectancyi
ofiAfricaniAmericanimeniisiabouti4.7iyearsilessithaniwhiteimen.iOfitheioptionsiabove,iCiisitheionl
yiresponseithatifitsiintoithoseiparameters.iTheiotherioptionsiareinotisupportedibyireliableiresearch.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iUnderstanding
REF:i p.i3iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
2. Ainurseiisiplanningicareiforiaigroupiofisuper-
centenariansiinianiassistedilivingifacility.iTheinurseiconsidersiwhichiofitheifollowing?
a.
Mostisuper-
centenariansiareifunctionallyiindependentiorirequireiminimaliassistanceiwi
thiactivitiesiofidailyiliving
b.
Theimajorityiofisuper-centenariansihaveicognitiveiimpairment
c.
Theinumberiofisuper-
centenariansiisiexpecteditoidecreaseiinicomingiyearsiasiairesultiofiheartidiseaseian
distroke
d.
Itiisitheorizedithatisuper-
centenariansisurvivediasilongiasitheyihaveidueitoigeneticimutationsithatimadeithemile
ssisusceptibleitoicommonidiseases
ANS:i A
Researchisupportsithatimostisuper-
centenariansiareifunctionallyiandicognitivelyiintact,irequiringiminimaliassistanceiwithiADLs.iTh
einumberiofisuper-
centenariansiisiexpecteditoiincreaseiinicomingiyearsiasitheinumberiofiolderiadultsiincreases.iTheir
easoniwhyiindividualsisurvivediasilongiasitheyihaveiisinotiknown.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iRemembering
REF:i p.i4iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
3. Oneireasoniwhyimanyi“babyiboomers”ihaveimultipleichroniciconditionsisuchiasiheartidisease,idia
betes,iandiarthritisiisithat:
a.
theyihaveilessiaccessitoimedicationiandiotheritreatmentiregimens.
b.
thereiwasiailackiofiimportanceiplacedionihealthyilivingiasitheyiwereigrowingiup.
c.
theyididinotihaveiaccessitoiimmunizationsiagainsticommunicableidiseaseiwhenith
eyiwereichildren.
d.
theyigrewiupiinianieraiofirampantipovertyiandimalnutrition.
, ANS:i B
Theibabyiboomers,iindividualsibornibetweeni1946iandi1964,ipost-
WWII,ihaveibetteriaccessitoimedicationianditreatmentiregimensithaniothericohorts.iTheyihaveiha
ditheibenefitiofitheidevelopmentiofiimmunizationsiagainsticommunicableidiseases.iTheyigrewiupi
inianieraiofiprosperityipost-
WWII.iHowever,ithereiwasiailackiofiimportanceiplacedioniwhatiweinowiconsiderihealthyilivingiw
henitheyiwereiyounger.iSmoking,iforiexample,iwasinoticondoned,ibutiwasiconsiderediaisymboliof
istatus.iCandyiinitheishapeioficigarettesiwasipopular,iandithereiwasimuchisecondhandismoke.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iRemembering
REF:i p.i6iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
4. Ainurseiisiplanningianieducationiprogramioniwellnessiiniailocalisenioricitizenicenter.iTheinurseip
lansitoiprovideieducationionitheiimportanceiofiimmunizations,iannualiphysicaliexaminations,isc
reeningiforidiabetes,iandivisioniandihearingiscreening.iItiisiimportantiforitheinurseitoiunderstandi
whichiofitheifollowing?
a.
Approximatelyi40%iofiolderiadultsi(agesi65iandiolder)iutilizeiavailableipreventiveise
rvices
b.
Preventiveistrategiesiareimoreiwidelyiusediinithei40-
64iageigroupithaniinithei65iandioveriageigroup
c.
Theiresearchionihealthipromotionistrategiesiiniolderiadultsidemonstratesithatitheyiha
veilowiefficacy
d.
Thereiisianiabundanceiofiresearchispecificitoihealthipromotioniandiaging
ANS:i A
Approximatelyi40%iofiindividuals,iagesi65iandiolder,iutilizeitheipreventiveiservicesithatiareiavai
lableitoithem.iHowever,ionlyi24%iofithoseibetweenitheiagesiofi40iandi64idoiso.iThereiisiaipaucityi
ofiresearchispecificitoihealthipromotioniandiaging;ihowever,itheiresearchithatiexistsidemonstrate
sithatihealthipromotionistrategiesiareihighlyieffective.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iUnderstanding
REF:i p.i7iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
5. Ainurseiisicaringiforiani85-year-
oldimaleiclientiwithidiabetesiiniaicommunityisetting.iTheinurseipromotesifunctionaliwellnessi
byiwhichiofitheifollowingiactivities?
a.
Encouragingitheiclientimaintainsicurrentilevelsiofiphysicaliactivity
b.
Assistingitheiclientitoireceiveiallitheirecommendedipreventiveiscreeningsithatiareiap
propriateiforihisiageigroup
c.
Teachingitheipatientihowitoiuseiairollingiwalkerisoithatiheicaniambulateiforilongeridist
ances
d.
Encouragingitheiclientitoiattendihisiweeklyichessigames
ANS:i A
Maintainingiexistingilevelsiofiphysicaliactivityiisiconsistentiwithifunctionaliwellness.iTeachingit
heiclientihowitoiuseiairollingiwalkerienablesitheiclientitoiremainiactiveiatitheihighestilevelipossibl
e,iwhichiisianiexampleiofipromotingifunctionaliwellness.iReceivingirecommendediscreeningiisia
niexampleiofipromotingibiologicaliwellness.iTheiuseiofiairollingiwalkerishouldibeibasedioniasses
smentiofiphysicaliability.iEncouragingitheiclientitoiattendiweeklyichessigamesiisianiexampleiofip
romotingisocialiwellness.
, DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iApplying
REF:i p.i10iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
6. Basedionitheicensusireportsiofi2010,itheitypicaliprofileiofiaicentenarianiinitheiUnitediStatesiincl
udesiwhichiofitheifollowingicharacteristics?
a.
AiCaucasianiwomaniwhoilivesiinianiurbaniareaiofiaiSouthernistate
b.
AniAfricaniAmericaniwomaniwhoilivesiiniairuraliareaiofiaiSouthernistate
c.
AiHispanicimaniwhoilivesiinianiurbaniareaiofiaiMidwesternistate
d.
AiCaucasianimaniwhoilivesiiniairuraliareaiofiaiMidwesternistate
ANS:i A
Basedionithei2010iU.S.iCensusidata,icentenariansiwereioverwhelminglyiwhitei(82.5%),iwomeni(
82.8%),iandilivingiiniurbaniareasiofitheiSouthernistates.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iApplying
REF:i p.i5iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
MULTIPLEiRESPONSE
1. Primaryipreventionistrategiesiforiolderiadultsiincludeiwhichiofitheifollowing?
i(Selectiallithatiapply.)
a.
Aniannualiinfluenzaiimmunizationiclinic
b.
Aismokingicessationiprogram
c.
Aiprostateiscreeningiprogram
d.
Aicardiacirehabilitationiprogram
e.
Aimealiplanningieducationiprogramiforitypei2idiabetics
ANS:i A,iB
Primaryipreventionirefersitoistrategiesithatiareiuseditoipreventianiillnessibeforeiitioccursiandimaintai
ningiwellnessiacrossitheicontinuumioficare.iImmunizationsiandismokingicessationiareiexamplesiofi
primaryiprevention.iSecondaryipreventioniisitheiearlyidetectioniofiaidiseaseioriaihealthiproblemithat
ihasialreadyideveloped.iProstateiscreeningiisianiexampleiofisecondaryiprevention.iTertiaryipreventi
oniaddressesitheineedsiofiindividualsiwhoialreadyihaveitheiriwellnessichallenged.iCardiacirehabilit
ationiandimealiplanningiforidiabeticsiareiexamplesiofitertiaryiprevention.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iApplying REF:i pp.i8–
9iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iManagementiofiCare
2. Ainurseiorganizesiaihealthifairiforiolderiadults.iTheinurse’sigoaliisitoifocusionitheisixipriorityiarea
siidentifiedibyitheiNationaliPreventioniCouncil.iWhichiofitheifollowingiactivitiesishoulditheinurs
eiinclude?i(Selectiallithatiapply.)
a.
Smokingicessation
b.
Depressioniscreening
c.
Recognizingielderiabuse
d.
Cholesteroliscreening
e.
Fitnessitraining
, ANS:i A,iB,iC
TheisixipriorityiareasiofitheiNationaliPreventioniCounciliincludeitobacco-
freeiliving,ipreventingidrugiabuseiandiexcessiveialcoholiuse,ihealthyieating,iinjury-iandiviolence-
freeiliving,ireproductiveiandisexualihealth,iandimentaliandiemotionaliwell-
being.iSmokingicessation,idepressioniscreening,iandirecognizingielderiabuseiallidirectlyiaddressit
heseiareas.iWhileicholesteroliscreeningiandifitnessitrainingiareiimportantiforiolderiadults,itheyidoi
notiaddressitheseisixipriorityiareas.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iAnalyzing
REF:i p.i8iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
3. Thei“in-
between”igenerationi(individualsibornibetweeni1915iandi1945)iwereisubjectitoiwhichiofitheifollo
wingihealthichallengesiduringitheirichildhood?i(Selectiallithatiapply.)
a.
Polio
b.
Lackiofifluorideiinitheiwatericausingiteethitoibeisoftiandicavityiprone
c.
“PigeoniChest,”iaimalformationiofitheiribicageidueitoiailackiofivitaminiD
d.
Smallpox
e.
HIV/AIDS
ANS:i A,iB,iC
Polioiwasiaimajorifeariofithisigroup;itheipolioivaccineiwasinotiavailableiinitheiUnitediStatesiuntili
1955.iInimanyiareasiwateriwasinotifluoridated.i“PigeoniChest”iwasicommon.iSmallpoxiwasiaico
ncerniforitheicentenarians,inotithisigeneration.iHIV/
AIDSihadinotibeeniidentifiediinitheiearlyiyearsiofi1915-1945.
DIF: CognitiveiLevel:iRemembering
REF:i p.i5iTOP:i IntegratediProcess:iTeaching/Learning
MSC:i ClientiNeeds:iHealthiPromotioniandiMaintenance
4. AinursingistudentiisipreparingiaipresentationionitheiWellness-
BasediModeliforiHealthyiAging.iWhichiofitheifollowingiconceptsishoulditheistudentiincludeiinith
eipresentation?i(Selectialli thatiapply.)
a.
Healthyiagingiisidefinedibyitheiabsenceiofiphysicaliillnessialone
b.
Healthyiagingiisiindividuallyidefinediandicanichangeioveritime
c.
Thereiareimanyistrategiesitoipromoteihealthyiagingithatiareibelieveditoibeihelpfulibut
idoinotihaveiempiricalievidenceitoisupportithem
d.
Healthyiagingicannotibeiachievedibyionlyifocusingionilaterilife.iItiisiailifelongipro
cess
e.
Accordingitoithisimodel,ianiindividualiwithiaichronicidiseaseiwouldinotibeico
nsideredihealthy
ANS:i B,iC,iD
Healthyiagingiisiailifelongiprocessithatibeginsiwithibirthiandiendsiwithideath.iTheiconceptiofiheal
thyiagingifromiaiwellnessiperspectiveiisiuniquelyidefinedibyieachiindividualiandicanichangeiove
ritime.iThereiareichallengesitoiimplementingievidence-
basedipracticesionihealthyiagingibecauseithereiisiaipaucityiofiresearchionithisiarea.iTherefore,ithe
reiareimanyistrategiesithatihaveibeeniusediandidetermineditoibeieffectiveibutidoinotihaveiresearch
ievidenceisupportingithem.iTheisubcomponentsiwithitheiwellnessimodeliareifunctionaliindepend
ence,iself-
careimanagementiofiillness,ipersonaligrowth,ipositiveioutlook,iandisocialicontributioniandiactivi
tiesithatipromoteione’sihealth.
