CEFM FINAL EXAM CURENTLY TESTING STUDY TEST GUIDE WITH WELL ANSWERED
QUESTIONS ALREADY GRADED A+
what does a category I tracing predict?
a normal acid-base balance
what is the baseline for a category I strip?
110 to 160 BPM
what is the variability for a category I strip?
moderate (6 to 25 bpm)
what decelerations can be present in a category I strip?
early decelerations
late and variable decelerations must be absent
does a category I tracing have to have accelerations?
no; accelerations are not required for a category I tracing
category I tracing example
,what does a category II tracing mean?
the acid-base balance is indeterminate
includes anything that is not category I or III
what is the baseline rate of a category II tracing?
- bradycardia WITHOUT absent variability
- tachycardia
what is the variability of a category II tracing?
- minimal baseline variability
- absent baseline variability WITHOUT recurrent decelerations
- marked variability
minimal variability example
less than 5 BPM
marked variability example
greater than 25 BPM
are accelerations present in category II tracings after fetal stimulations?
,accelerations are not present after fetal stimulation to classify tracing as category II
what are the possible periodic or episodic decelerations present in category II tracings?
- recurrent variable decelerations accompanied by minimal or moderate baseline
variability
- prolonged deceleration > 2 minutes but < 10 minutes
- recurrent late decelerations with moderate baseline variability
- variable decelerations with other characters (slow return to baseline or shoulders)
variable deceleration example
an abrupt decrease in FHR below baseline; greater than 15 BPM lasting greater than 15
seconds, but less than 2 minutes from onset to return to baseline
prolonged deceleration example
a decrease in FHR below the baseline of 15 bpm or more, lasting at least 2 minutes but < 10
minutes from onset to return to baseline
late deceleration example
a gradual decrease and return to baseline of the fetal heart rate associated with uterine
contractions
what does a category III tracing predict?
, predicts abnormal acid-base status
a category III tracing includes either of the following...
- absent baseline FHR variability and ANY of the following:
- recurrent late decelerations
- recurrent variable decelerations
- bradycardia
- sinusoidal pattern
what does absent variability with recurrent late decelerations or variable deceleration
indicate?
predictive of current or impending fetal asphyxia so severe that fetus is at risk for
neurologic damage and death
what is a sinusoidal pattern?
smooth, wave-like baseline appears 3 to 6 time per minute
can be documented if pattern lasts for > 20 minutes
what do indeterminate and abnormal (category II or III) tracings require?
tracings require evaluation of possible etiology
what are some initial assessments and interventions for category II or III tracings?
QUESTIONS ALREADY GRADED A+
what does a category I tracing predict?
a normal acid-base balance
what is the baseline for a category I strip?
110 to 160 BPM
what is the variability for a category I strip?
moderate (6 to 25 bpm)
what decelerations can be present in a category I strip?
early decelerations
late and variable decelerations must be absent
does a category I tracing have to have accelerations?
no; accelerations are not required for a category I tracing
category I tracing example
,what does a category II tracing mean?
the acid-base balance is indeterminate
includes anything that is not category I or III
what is the baseline rate of a category II tracing?
- bradycardia WITHOUT absent variability
- tachycardia
what is the variability of a category II tracing?
- minimal baseline variability
- absent baseline variability WITHOUT recurrent decelerations
- marked variability
minimal variability example
less than 5 BPM
marked variability example
greater than 25 BPM
are accelerations present in category II tracings after fetal stimulations?
,accelerations are not present after fetal stimulation to classify tracing as category II
what are the possible periodic or episodic decelerations present in category II tracings?
- recurrent variable decelerations accompanied by minimal or moderate baseline
variability
- prolonged deceleration > 2 minutes but < 10 minutes
- recurrent late decelerations with moderate baseline variability
- variable decelerations with other characters (slow return to baseline or shoulders)
variable deceleration example
an abrupt decrease in FHR below baseline; greater than 15 BPM lasting greater than 15
seconds, but less than 2 minutes from onset to return to baseline
prolonged deceleration example
a decrease in FHR below the baseline of 15 bpm or more, lasting at least 2 minutes but < 10
minutes from onset to return to baseline
late deceleration example
a gradual decrease and return to baseline of the fetal heart rate associated with uterine
contractions
what does a category III tracing predict?
, predicts abnormal acid-base status
a category III tracing includes either of the following...
- absent baseline FHR variability and ANY of the following:
- recurrent late decelerations
- recurrent variable decelerations
- bradycardia
- sinusoidal pattern
what does absent variability with recurrent late decelerations or variable deceleration
indicate?
predictive of current or impending fetal asphyxia so severe that fetus is at risk for
neurologic damage and death
what is a sinusoidal pattern?
smooth, wave-like baseline appears 3 to 6 time per minute
can be documented if pattern lasts for > 20 minutes
what do indeterminate and abnormal (category II or III) tracings require?
tracings require evaluation of possible etiology
what are some initial assessments and interventions for category II or III tracings?
