Exam Guide: Drugs for Asthma and Bronchoconstriction

The nurse is caring for a 38-year-old client with asthma who has been started on albuterol. What assessment finding should the nurse most likely attribute to adverse medication effects? a. The client reports excessive thirst. b. The client's heart rate is 99 beats/min. c. The client's oral temperature is 37.8°C (100°F). d. The client had diarrhea this morning. A nurse is administering levalbuterol to a client. The nurse would administer this drug by which route? a. Oral b. Intravenous c. Inhalation d. Intramuscular Adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids include which of the following? Select all that apply: a. Fungal infection b. Pharyngeal irritation c. Blurred vision d. Bradycardia e. Insomnia A nurse is providing discharge planning for a 45-year-old woman who has a prescription for oral albuterol. The nurse will question the patient about her intake of which of the following? a. Coffee b. Alcohol c. Salt d. Vitamin C Exam Guide: Drugs for Asthma and Bronchoconstriction A client is prescribed a leukotriene receptor antagonist. The nurse should evaluate the effectiveness of the medication therapy based on the long term management of symptoms associated with which respiratory condition? a. Asthma b. Emphysema c. Chronic bronchitis d. Pneumonia A nurse is providing education to a 56-year-old man who is admitted to the emergency department with an acute asthma attack. The nurse's initial assessment reveals that the patient has a history of pneumonia, drinks large quantities of coffee, and eats a high-calorie diet. Albuterol is prescribed for him. The important consideration when the nurse is preparing a teaching plan will be that the patient a. is a 56-year-old man. b. has a history of pneumonia. c. prefers a high-calorie diet. d. has a high coffee intake. A male client is experiencing dysphasia secondary to a mild stroke that he had 3 weeks ago. He states that his asthma medications are not working as well or as long as they did in the past. What does the nurse suspect is the reason for this? a. He is crushing the medication. b. He is administering the wrong medication. c. He is experiencing confusion. d. He is experiencing postural hypotension. A client is experiencing an acute asthmatic attack. Which agent would be most effective? a. Inhaled steroid b. Leukotriene receptor antagonist c. Mast cell stabilizer d. Beta-2 selective adrenergic agonist A client has been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The client has been prescribed bronchodilators by nebulizer for home use. The nurse should teach the client to: a. keep an extra oxygen tank on hand for propelling the medication. b. sit in a fully upright position when administering the medication. c. take the exact number of puffs that have been prescribed. d. gargle with an alcohol-based mouthwash after each dose. A group of students are reviewing the various drugs that affect inflammation. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which agent as a mast cell stabilizer? a. Cromolyn b. Montelukast c. Calfactant d. Triamcinolone A female client presents to the emergency department with acutely deteriorating asthma. Her husband tells the nurse that his wife takes salmeterol. He then tells the nurse that he gave her three extra puffs when she became ill. What statement is correct in this situation? a. The husband made the correct decision in giving the extra doses. b. The extra doses facilitated bronchodilation and probably saved her life. c. Salmeterol is contraindicated based on his wife's condition. d. The health care provider will most likely order continuation of the salmeterol with increased dosage. A male client is concerned because ever since he began his antiasthma medication, his GERD symptoms are worse. The nurse explains that his symptoms are worse because his asthma medications have what effect? a. They cause acid indigestion. b. They tighten the gastroesophageal sphincter. c. They relax the gastroesophageal sphincter. d. They stimulate peristalsis. A client who has chronic bronchial asthma has had a mast cell stabilizer prescribed. What drug would the provider prescribe? a. Ipratropium b. Isoetharine c. Cromolyn d. Aminophylline A client who has been newly diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) calls the clinic and asks the nurse to explain what the newly prescribed medications are for. What would be the most appropriate response by the nurse? a. "The medications that have been ordered for you are what the physician thinks will help your breathing the most." b. "The medications that have been ordered for you are to help you breathe with less resistance from your diaphragm." c. "The medications that have been ordered for you are designed to work together to reduce your oxygen requirements." d. "The medications that have been ordered for you are to help relieve the inflammation and to open your airways." The client has been diagnosed with asthma and is being treated with two inhalers, albuterol and flunisolide. The nurse teaches the client that the two medications should be administered in what order? A. Albuterol followed immediately by flunisolide B. Flunisolide followed immediately by albuterol C. Albuterol first, wait five minutes and then follow with flunisolide D. Flunisolide first, wait five minutes and then follow with albuterol The nurse is aware that the health care provider often orders combination therapy for the treatment of asthma for what reason? A. To counteract the adverse effects of each different drug B. To decrease the cost of asthma therapy C. To provide a comprehensive cure for asthma D. To allow for smaller doses of each agent to be given A female client is prescribed systemic corticosteroids for her asthma. The nurse knows that the client is at risk for what problem? a. Pituitary insufficiency b. Pancreatic insufficiency c. Adrenal insufficiency d. Renal insufficiency A client, experiencing respiratory distress related bronchi constriction, will benefit from what therapeutic action provided by anticholinergic medication therapy? a. Reduction of the inflammatory response b. Decrease in the production of leukotrienes D4 and E4 c. Relaxation of smooth muscle d. Enhancement of alveolar expansion An adult client with newly diagnosed asthma presents for client education regarding situations that could precipitate an asthma attack. In this teaching, which precipitants would the nurse state may trigger an attack? Select all that apply. a. Exercise b. Allergens c. Mold d. Warm weather e. Cigarette smoke