NUR 8022 INTRO TO ADVANCED PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025

NUR 8022 INTRO TO ADVANCED
PHYSIOLOGY AND
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM WITH
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2025

Electrolytes - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-Inorganic ions in the protoplasm are electrolytes


-Most common electrolytes in the body are Na+, K+, and Cl-




Internal Environment - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-60% of the body is fluid


-Mostly inside the cells (ICF)


-Contains ions and nutrients to sustain life


-inorganic: ions: Na+, K+, Cl-


-organic: proteins, lipids, carbs


-Proper concentrations of O2, glucose, different ions, AA, fatty substances, and other


constituents in this environment essential to cell viability




ECF - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-Na+, Cl-, HCO3-


-Nutrients = O2, glucose, fatty acids, and AA

, -Waste products for excretion (CO2)


-Membranes maintain concentration balance (Na+ on the outside, K+ on inside)




ICF - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-K+, Mag, Phosphate ions


Homeostasis - CORRECT-ANSWERS********-"Maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the


internal environment"


-All organs and tissues involved


EX: kidneys maintain ion concentrations,


respiratory-- O2 and excretion of CO2


-Control systems control ICF and ECF functions


EX: regulation of O2 and CO2




Negative Feedback - CORRECT-ANSWERS********promotes stability; most of the time it's a


good thing. Promotes homeostasis. End result is different than initiating stimulus


EX: hyperglycemia- pancreas will release insulin---> takes glucose back into the cells--->


decreases blood glucose level


*started with elevated BGL, ended with decrease BGL