BIO 152 Module 6 UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What are some potential benefits of asexual and sexual reproduction? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Most eukaryotes reproduce sexually, which increases genetic variation in a set
of offspring. Remember that natural selection can only select from what is there, and so genetic
diversity is vital for adaptation! Sexual and asexual reproduction can allow migration, which
may also increase variation in a population. Asexual reproduction also occurs in many groups. In
some cases, having an option to reproduce without a mate provides a major benefit {known as
reproductive assurance}. This can be particularly true if species are spread thinly across large
areas. Asexual reproduction is often quicker than sexual reproduction, leading to more potential
copies of that genotype. In addition, ALL the individual's alleles are passed to each offspring, not
just half of them. That all increases fitness. However, the offspring are clones(excepting any
mutations), meaning that an environmental change that is detrimental to one of them would
likely harm them all. Few species are exclusively asexual, while many can use both modes of
reproduction. Environments with constant rather than variable conditions are more likely to
permit the survival of species that primarily reproduce asexually
hy would higher genetic variation in offspring likely lead to more success? A set of offspring
with higher genetic variation would _____ compared to a set of offspring with lower genetic
variation.
A) always be larger (have more individuals)
B) all be better adapted to the current environment
C) likely be able to better adapt to changes in the environment
D) have effectively no genetic drift
E) be better able to reproduce asexually - CORRECT ANSWER -Natural selection occurs
when one of the available variants is more successful than the others. More genetic variation
means more options and a greater likelihood that one of those individuals will be able to survive
and reproduce even with a changing environment. Cis correct: they can better adapt
Which of the following is TRUE for mitosis or meiosis?
A) Meiosis produces two genetic clones from a single parent cell.
B) Mitosis produces four cells.
C) Mitosis only occurs as part of sexual reproduction or attempted sexual reproduction.
, D) Mitosis is one of the major mechanisms of growth in a multicellular organism.
E) Mitosis always directly produces gametes - CORRECT ANSWER -Mitosis is just
another name for basic cell division in eukaryotes. It is one of the main ways that multicellular
organisms grow. D is true. In A, B, and C, meiosis and mitosis are swapped. E is false for both
mitosis and meiosis
In animals, sperm is _____.
A) diploid (2n) and produced by the testes
B) haploid (1n) and produced via meiosis
C) haploid (1n) and produced via fertilization
D) haploid (1n) and multicellular until fertilization occurs
E) haploid (1n) and it forms a tetraploid (4n) zygote if united with an egg - CORRECT
ANSWER -Sperm are haploid and produced by meiosis in animals. B is correct.
Which of the following is TRUE of fungal life cycles?
A) Plasmogamy produces heterokaryotic hyphae.
B) Fungi are unable to reproduce asexually.
C) In fungi, fertilization happens very quickly after meiosis.
D) Fungi are diploid for most of their lives.
E) Fungi can only disperse by growing their hyphae in areas - CORRECT ANSWER -
Plasmogamy produces heterokaryotic hyphae because the cytoplasm merges, but the nucleido
not. Fungi are only briefly diploid. Many fungal hyphae are haploid, but some may
beheterokaryotic. In general, fungi can reproduce both sexually and asexually, although onlyone
phase or the other has been observed in some species. Meiosis often happens quicklyafter
karyogamy in fungi. Fungi can spread by growing into new areas, but they can also disperse
(sexually or asexually) by producing spores that are usually wind dispersed. A is correct
Which of the following is TRUE regarding outcrossing?(select ALL that apply).
A) Outcrossing leads to higher levels of genetic variation within sets of offspring.
B) It only refers to a type of migration that always occurs across bodies of water, such as
dispersal to form new populations on islands.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What are some potential benefits of asexual and sexual reproduction? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Most eukaryotes reproduce sexually, which increases genetic variation in a set
of offspring. Remember that natural selection can only select from what is there, and so genetic
diversity is vital for adaptation! Sexual and asexual reproduction can allow migration, which
may also increase variation in a population. Asexual reproduction also occurs in many groups. In
some cases, having an option to reproduce without a mate provides a major benefit {known as
reproductive assurance}. This can be particularly true if species are spread thinly across large
areas. Asexual reproduction is often quicker than sexual reproduction, leading to more potential
copies of that genotype. In addition, ALL the individual's alleles are passed to each offspring, not
just half of them. That all increases fitness. However, the offspring are clones(excepting any
mutations), meaning that an environmental change that is detrimental to one of them would
likely harm them all. Few species are exclusively asexual, while many can use both modes of
reproduction. Environments with constant rather than variable conditions are more likely to
permit the survival of species that primarily reproduce asexually
hy would higher genetic variation in offspring likely lead to more success? A set of offspring
with higher genetic variation would _____ compared to a set of offspring with lower genetic
variation.
A) always be larger (have more individuals)
B) all be better adapted to the current environment
C) likely be able to better adapt to changes in the environment
D) have effectively no genetic drift
E) be better able to reproduce asexually - CORRECT ANSWER -Natural selection occurs
when one of the available variants is more successful than the others. More genetic variation
means more options and a greater likelihood that one of those individuals will be able to survive
and reproduce even with a changing environment. Cis correct: they can better adapt
Which of the following is TRUE for mitosis or meiosis?
A) Meiosis produces two genetic clones from a single parent cell.
B) Mitosis produces four cells.
C) Mitosis only occurs as part of sexual reproduction or attempted sexual reproduction.
, D) Mitosis is one of the major mechanisms of growth in a multicellular organism.
E) Mitosis always directly produces gametes - CORRECT ANSWER -Mitosis is just
another name for basic cell division in eukaryotes. It is one of the main ways that multicellular
organisms grow. D is true. In A, B, and C, meiosis and mitosis are swapped. E is false for both
mitosis and meiosis
In animals, sperm is _____.
A) diploid (2n) and produced by the testes
B) haploid (1n) and produced via meiosis
C) haploid (1n) and produced via fertilization
D) haploid (1n) and multicellular until fertilization occurs
E) haploid (1n) and it forms a tetraploid (4n) zygote if united with an egg - CORRECT
ANSWER -Sperm are haploid and produced by meiosis in animals. B is correct.
Which of the following is TRUE of fungal life cycles?
A) Plasmogamy produces heterokaryotic hyphae.
B) Fungi are unable to reproduce asexually.
C) In fungi, fertilization happens very quickly after meiosis.
D) Fungi are diploid for most of their lives.
E) Fungi can only disperse by growing their hyphae in areas - CORRECT ANSWER -
Plasmogamy produces heterokaryotic hyphae because the cytoplasm merges, but the nucleido
not. Fungi are only briefly diploid. Many fungal hyphae are haploid, but some may
beheterokaryotic. In general, fungi can reproduce both sexually and asexually, although onlyone
phase or the other has been observed in some species. Meiosis often happens quicklyafter
karyogamy in fungi. Fungi can spread by growing into new areas, but they can also disperse
(sexually or asexually) by producing spores that are usually wind dispersed. A is correct
Which of the following is TRUE regarding outcrossing?(select ALL that apply).
A) Outcrossing leads to higher levels of genetic variation within sets of offspring.
B) It only refers to a type of migration that always occurs across bodies of water, such as
dispersal to form new populations on islands.
