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A&P 1 Exam 1 2025 | 1Certified Exam
Questions With Answers
Ground Substance - correct-answer-material in space around cells; largely consists
of proteins & fluid, can be fairly fluid to gel-like
Collagen Fibers - correct-answer-made of collagen (fibrous protein) that assemble
together into thick fibers; most abundant type of fiber in CT; STRONGEST
Elastic Fibers - correct-answer-made of elastin (a rubber-like protein), fibers can
stretch and recoil (darker orange)
Reticular Fibers - correct-answer-made of collagen, but they are thin and branch
extensively (darker blue, hair-like)
Macrophages - correct-answer-"eat" foreign molecules
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Fibroblast - correct-answer-secrete fibers until they mature into fibrocytes
Leukocytes - correct-answer-(WBC) involved in immune response
Mast cells - correct-answer-inflammatory response
Adipocyte - correct-answer-fat cell, stores nutrients
Loose Connective Tissue - correct-answer-Location: most widely distributed
connective tissue; underlies most epithelial tissue; gel-like matrix; cell types:
fibroblasts, macrophages, leukocytes, mast cells
4 classes of Connective Tissue - correct-answer-cartilage, bone, blood, connective
tissue proper
EDEMA - correct-answer-swelling of body part due to build-up of fluid nutrients
pass thru this from blood vessels to other types of cells (like epithelial cells)
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Tissues - correct-answer-a group of cells similar in structure and serve a similar,
specialized function
4 Categories - correct-answer-Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous
Epithelial Tissue - correct-answer-sheet of cells that covers body surfaces, lines
body cavities/ducts and makes up glands; constitutes the secreting portion of
glands - the major tissue of glands
Connective Tissue - correct-answer-protects and supports body and organs, binds
tissues together, stores energy, insulates, transport substances (red blood cells)
Muscle Tissue - correct-answer-allows for movement through active generation of
force; contractile tissue - moves things attached to it, like bone/skin
Nervous Tissue - correct-answer-initiates, transmits, and interprets impulses that
coordinate the body
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Epithelial (Characteristics) - correct-answer-cells closely packed with very little
extracellular space; all have specialized cell to contact- tight junctions,
desmosomes, gap junctions
Basement membrane - correct-answer-point of attachment for ET and CT, made
up of basal lamina and reticular lamina, and is non-cellular
Polarity - correct-answer-have top (apical surface) and bottom (basal surface)
Avascular - correct-answer-no blood supply; get nutrients from blood vessels in
underlying connective tissue
Cilia - correct-answer-hairlike projections, help propel substances; ex. nasal cavity,
trachea
Microvilli - correct-answer-extensions of plasma membrane, increases surface
area (greatly increases adsorption of nutrients in small intestines)
A&P 1 Exam 1 2025 | 1Certified Exam
Questions With Answers
Ground Substance - correct-answer-material in space around cells; largely consists
of proteins & fluid, can be fairly fluid to gel-like
Collagen Fibers - correct-answer-made of collagen (fibrous protein) that assemble
together into thick fibers; most abundant type of fiber in CT; STRONGEST
Elastic Fibers - correct-answer-made of elastin (a rubber-like protein), fibers can
stretch and recoil (darker orange)
Reticular Fibers - correct-answer-made of collagen, but they are thin and branch
extensively (darker blue, hair-like)
Macrophages - correct-answer-"eat" foreign molecules
,2|Page
Fibroblast - correct-answer-secrete fibers until they mature into fibrocytes
Leukocytes - correct-answer-(WBC) involved in immune response
Mast cells - correct-answer-inflammatory response
Adipocyte - correct-answer-fat cell, stores nutrients
Loose Connective Tissue - correct-answer-Location: most widely distributed
connective tissue; underlies most epithelial tissue; gel-like matrix; cell types:
fibroblasts, macrophages, leukocytes, mast cells
4 classes of Connective Tissue - correct-answer-cartilage, bone, blood, connective
tissue proper
EDEMA - correct-answer-swelling of body part due to build-up of fluid nutrients
pass thru this from blood vessels to other types of cells (like epithelial cells)
,3|Page
Tissues - correct-answer-a group of cells similar in structure and serve a similar,
specialized function
4 Categories - correct-answer-Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous
Epithelial Tissue - correct-answer-sheet of cells that covers body surfaces, lines
body cavities/ducts and makes up glands; constitutes the secreting portion of
glands - the major tissue of glands
Connective Tissue - correct-answer-protects and supports body and organs, binds
tissues together, stores energy, insulates, transport substances (red blood cells)
Muscle Tissue - correct-answer-allows for movement through active generation of
force; contractile tissue - moves things attached to it, like bone/skin
Nervous Tissue - correct-answer-initiates, transmits, and interprets impulses that
coordinate the body
, 4|Page
Epithelial (Characteristics) - correct-answer-cells closely packed with very little
extracellular space; all have specialized cell to contact- tight junctions,
desmosomes, gap junctions
Basement membrane - correct-answer-point of attachment for ET and CT, made
up of basal lamina and reticular lamina, and is non-cellular
Polarity - correct-answer-have top (apical surface) and bottom (basal surface)
Avascular - correct-answer-no blood supply; get nutrients from blood vessels in
underlying connective tissue
Cilia - correct-answer-hairlike projections, help propel substances; ex. nasal cavity,
trachea
Microvilli - correct-answer-extensions of plasma membrane, increases surface
area (greatly increases adsorption of nutrients in small intestines)
