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ATI DIABETES MELLITUS EXAM WITH QUESTIONS
AND DETAILED ANSWERS THE LATEST UPDATED
EXAM BANK INCLUDING EXPERT VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS FOR A SURE PASS
What are some risk factors associated with Diabetic Ketoacidosis? Name three -
✔✔✔ ANSWER > - Lack of sufficient insulin related to undiagnosed or untreated
type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Nonadherence to a diabetic regimen
- Reduced or missed dose of insulin
- Any condition that increases carbohydrate metabolism, such as physical or
emotional stress, illness, infection (No. 1 cause of DKA), surgery, or trauma that
requires an increased need for insulin
- Increased hormone production (e.g., cortisol, glucagon, epinephrine)
stimulates the liver to produce glucose and decreases the effect of insulin.
The nurse is teaching a 54-year-old patient with diabetes about proper composition
of the daily diet. The nurse explains that the guideline for carbohydrate intake is
which of the following?
A. 80% of daily intake
B. Minimum of 80 g/day
C. Minimum of 130 g/day
D. Maximum of 130 g/day - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > C. Minimum of 130 g/day
The recommendation for carbohydrate intake is a minimum of 130 g/day. Low-
carbohydrate diets are not recommended for diabetes management.
The nurse is assigned to the care of a 64-year-old patient diagnosed with type 2
diabetes. In formulating a teaching plan that encourages the patient to actively
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participate in management of the diabetes, which of the following should be the
nurse's initial intervention?
A. Assess patient's perception of what it means to have diabetes.
B. Ask the patient to write down current knowledge about diabetes.
C. Set goals for the patient to actively participate in managing his diabetes.
D. Assume responsibility for all of the patient's care to decrease stress level. -
✔✔✔ ANSWER > A. Assess patient's perception of what it means to have
diabetes.
In order for teaching to be effective, the first step is to assess the patient. Teaching
can be individualized once the nurse is aware of what a diagnosis of diabetes
means to the patient.
What are some risk factors associated with Hyperglycemic- hyperosmolar state
(HHS)? Name three. - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > - Old Age
- Poor Kidney Function
- Poor diabetes control
- Poor Medication Management
- Infection
- Heart attack
- Stroke
- Congestive heart failure
- Dehydration
What medications are associated with risk for Hyperglycemic- hyperosmolar state
(HHS)? - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > - Glucocorticoids
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- Diuretics
- Calcium channel blockers.
- Dilantin
- Propranolol (Inderal)
What is the #1 cause of Diabetic Ketoacidosis? - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > Infection
A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who has hyperglycemic-
hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which of the following data confirms this diagnosis?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Evidence of recent myocardial infraction
B. BUN 35 mg/dL
C. Takes a calcium channel blocker
D. Age 77 years
E. No insulin production - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > A. The client who has type 2
diabetes mellitus and had a myocardial infraction is at risk for developing HHS.
This is due to the increased hormone production during illness or stress, which can
stimulate the liver to produce glucose and decrease the effects of insulin.
B. The client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus may be at risk for developing HHS
when the BUN is 35 mg/dL because it is an indication of decreased kidney
function and inability of the kidney to filter high levels of blood glucose into the
urine.
C. A calcium channel blocker is one of several medications that increase the risk
for HHS in a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus.
D. The older adult client is at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and may
be unaware of associated symptoms, increasing the risk for HHS.
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A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis and ketones in the urine.
Which of the following are expected findings? (Select all that apply.)
A. Weight gain
B. Fruity odor of breath
C. Abdominal pain
D. Kussmaul respirations
E. Metabolic acidosis - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > B. Fruity odor of breath is a
manifestation of elevated ketone levels that lead to metabolic acidosis.
C. Abdominal pain is a GI manifestation of increased ketones and acidosis.
D. Kussmaul respirations are an attempt to excrete carbon dioxide and acid when
in metabolic acidosis.
E. Metabolic acidosis is caused from glucose, protein, and fat breakdown, which
produces ketones.
A nurse is reviewing laboratory reports of a client who has hyperglycemic-
hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which of the following is an expected finding?
A. Serum pH 7.2
B. Serum osmolarity 350 mOsm/L
C. Serum potassium 3.8 mg/dL
D. Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > B: A client who has HHS
would have a serum osmolarity greater than 320 mOsm/L.
A nurse is preparing to administer IV fluids to a client who has diabetic
ketoacidosis. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?
A. Administer an IV infusion of regular insulin at 0.3 unit/kg/hr.
B. Administer an IV infusion of 0.45% sodium chloride.
ATI DIABETES MELLITUS EXAM WITH QUESTIONS
AND DETAILED ANSWERS THE LATEST UPDATED
EXAM BANK INCLUDING EXPERT VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS FOR A SURE PASS
What are some risk factors associated with Diabetic Ketoacidosis? Name three -
✔✔✔ ANSWER > - Lack of sufficient insulin related to undiagnosed or untreated
type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Nonadherence to a diabetic regimen
- Reduced or missed dose of insulin
- Any condition that increases carbohydrate metabolism, such as physical or
emotional stress, illness, infection (No. 1 cause of DKA), surgery, or trauma that
requires an increased need for insulin
- Increased hormone production (e.g., cortisol, glucagon, epinephrine)
stimulates the liver to produce glucose and decreases the effect of insulin.
The nurse is teaching a 54-year-old patient with diabetes about proper composition
of the daily diet. The nurse explains that the guideline for carbohydrate intake is
which of the following?
A. 80% of daily intake
B. Minimum of 80 g/day
C. Minimum of 130 g/day
D. Maximum of 130 g/day - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > C. Minimum of 130 g/day
The recommendation for carbohydrate intake is a minimum of 130 g/day. Low-
carbohydrate diets are not recommended for diabetes management.
The nurse is assigned to the care of a 64-year-old patient diagnosed with type 2
diabetes. In formulating a teaching plan that encourages the patient to actively
,2|Page
participate in management of the diabetes, which of the following should be the
nurse's initial intervention?
A. Assess patient's perception of what it means to have diabetes.
B. Ask the patient to write down current knowledge about diabetes.
C. Set goals for the patient to actively participate in managing his diabetes.
D. Assume responsibility for all of the patient's care to decrease stress level. -
✔✔✔ ANSWER > A. Assess patient's perception of what it means to have
diabetes.
In order for teaching to be effective, the first step is to assess the patient. Teaching
can be individualized once the nurse is aware of what a diagnosis of diabetes
means to the patient.
What are some risk factors associated with Hyperglycemic- hyperosmolar state
(HHS)? Name three. - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > - Old Age
- Poor Kidney Function
- Poor diabetes control
- Poor Medication Management
- Infection
- Heart attack
- Stroke
- Congestive heart failure
- Dehydration
What medications are associated with risk for Hyperglycemic- hyperosmolar state
(HHS)? - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > - Glucocorticoids
,3|Page
- Diuretics
- Calcium channel blockers.
- Dilantin
- Propranolol (Inderal)
What is the #1 cause of Diabetic Ketoacidosis? - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > Infection
A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who has hyperglycemic-
hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which of the following data confirms this diagnosis?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Evidence of recent myocardial infraction
B. BUN 35 mg/dL
C. Takes a calcium channel blocker
D. Age 77 years
E. No insulin production - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > A. The client who has type 2
diabetes mellitus and had a myocardial infraction is at risk for developing HHS.
This is due to the increased hormone production during illness or stress, which can
stimulate the liver to produce glucose and decrease the effects of insulin.
B. The client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus may be at risk for developing HHS
when the BUN is 35 mg/dL because it is an indication of decreased kidney
function and inability of the kidney to filter high levels of blood glucose into the
urine.
C. A calcium channel blocker is one of several medications that increase the risk
for HHS in a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus.
D. The older adult client is at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and may
be unaware of associated symptoms, increasing the risk for HHS.
, 4|Page
A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis and ketones in the urine.
Which of the following are expected findings? (Select all that apply.)
A. Weight gain
B. Fruity odor of breath
C. Abdominal pain
D. Kussmaul respirations
E. Metabolic acidosis - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > B. Fruity odor of breath is a
manifestation of elevated ketone levels that lead to metabolic acidosis.
C. Abdominal pain is a GI manifestation of increased ketones and acidosis.
D. Kussmaul respirations are an attempt to excrete carbon dioxide and acid when
in metabolic acidosis.
E. Metabolic acidosis is caused from glucose, protein, and fat breakdown, which
produces ketones.
A nurse is reviewing laboratory reports of a client who has hyperglycemic-
hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which of the following is an expected finding?
A. Serum pH 7.2
B. Serum osmolarity 350 mOsm/L
C. Serum potassium 3.8 mg/dL
D. Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL - ✔✔✔ ANSWER > B: A client who has HHS
would have a serum osmolarity greater than 320 mOsm/L.
A nurse is preparing to administer IV fluids to a client who has diabetic
ketoacidosis. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?
A. Administer an IV infusion of regular insulin at 0.3 unit/kg/hr.
B. Administer an IV infusion of 0.45% sodium chloride.
