BIO 189 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES || 100% GUARANTEED PASS RECENT VERSION

BIO 189 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES || 100% GUARANTEED PASS RECENT VERSION 1. A group of cells interacting and functioning together form. - ANSWER Tissue 2. Select all of the following that are organs. A. blood B. heart C. neuron D. human eye E. stomach - ANSWER B. heart D. human eye E. stomach 3. The stomach, small intestine, and the large intestine interact to form part of a(an). A. cell body B. tissue C. organ D. organ system - ANSWER D. organ system 4. Connective muscle, ________ and ___________ tissues are the four broad categories of tissues in animals. - ANSWER Nervous, epithelial 5. Epithelial tissue that is Single layer, flattened, lines blood vessels. - ANSWER Simple squamous 6. Epithelial tissue with single layer, found in glands. - ANSWER Simple cuboidal 7. Epithelial tissue with multiple layers, found in outer layers of skin - ANSWER Stratified squamous 8. Epithelial tissue with single layer, line digestive tract - ANSWER Simple columnar 9. A tissue is composed of. A. an organ and the cells that support it B. groups of cells interacting to provide a specific function C. proteins, minerals, and fibers that form a ground substance for anchoring cells D. two or more organs that are physically or functionally joined - ANSWER B. groups of cells interacting to provide a specific function 10. What type of cells are found on the body's surface? - ANSWER Epithelial 11. An ________ consists of two or more interacting tissues that function as a unit. - ANSWER Organ 12. Select all the functions of epithelial tissue. A. communication of electrical signals B. gas diffusion C. flexible support D. protection E. nutrient absorption F. contraction - ANSWER B. gas diffusion D. protection E. nutrient absorption 13. What describes an organ system. - ANSWER Multiple organs functionally joined 14. Organs that are made of epithelial tissue and that secrete different substances such as sweat, saliva, hormones, breast milk, and tears. A. Vessels B. lymph nodes C. ganglia D. glands - ANSWER D. glands 15. Which level of protein structure is the smallest structure to form a functional protein? - ANSWER Primary 16. Which nitrogenous base is present in RNA but NOT in DNA - ANSWER Uracil 17. Alkane - ANSWER a hydrocarbon containing only single covalent bonds. Cn H2n + 2 18. Alkene - ANSWER double bond between carbons. Cn H2n 19. Alkyne - ANSWER carbon-carbon triple bond. Cn H2n - 2 20. H (Hydrogen) - ANSWER 1 21. C (Carbon) - ANSWER 4  (Oxygen) - ANSWER 6 22. N (Nitrogen) - ANSWER 5 23. OH - ANSWER linear hydroxyl 24. SH - ANSWER sulfhydryl 25. Carbonyl - ANSWER C=O 26. Carboxyl - ANSWER O=C-OH 27. Amino - ANSWER H-N-H 28. Phosphate - ANSWER PO4 charge -3 29. Methyl - ANSWER CH3 30. nucleic acids - ANSWER DNA and RNA 31. Nucleotide - ANSWER monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base 32. Types of bases - ANSWER purines and pyrimidines 33. Prions - ANSWER infectious proteins 34. sickle cell anemia - ANSWER a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape 35. DNA structure - ANSWER antiparallel double helix 36. Denaturation - ANSWER loss of normal shape of a protein due to heat or other factor 37. primary structure - ANSWER sequence of amino acids/no bonds 38. secondary structure - ANSWER either an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet. has hydrogen bonds 39. tertiary structure - ANSWER a helix + B sheet + hydrophobic acids all together 40. quaternary structure - ANSWER when tertiary connects to another tertiary 41. Cytoskeleton - ANSWER Internal support structures/ train track 42. Microtubules - ANSWER maintain cell shape 43. Metabolism - ANSWER the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life. 44. Catabolism - ANSWER breaking down