2025/2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 100% PASS
What are Corrugations? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Wavy ridges caused by uneven
nail growth; usually result of illness or injury.
(No impact) (Treatment: Buff over nails, keep hydrated with oil.)
What is the definition of Anatomy? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The study of body
structure
What is the stratum germinativum (stratum basale)? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-
deepest live layer of the epidermis
-produces new epidermal skin cells (mitosis)
- Moisture content approximately 83%
,What is the stratum corneum? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔1st layer of epidermis
(outermost)
What forms Chemicals? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔atoms combine to form molecules
What are Furrows (corrugations)? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Deep horizontal ridges
in the plate. Caused by illness trauma or malnutrition. No treatment
required. (Non impact)
What is the definition Physiology? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The study of body
function
What is the Stratum Spinosum (Prickly Layer) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Several cell
layers thick
-cells contain a weblike system of intermediate prekeratin filaments
attached to desmosomes.
-Keratinocytes appear to have spines and are scattered among abundant
melanin granules and Langerhans' cells.
(4th deepest layer of epidermis)
What is the stratum lucidum? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔2nd layer of epidermis (not
always there)
,What do molecules combine to form? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Combine to form
cells
What is the stratum granulosum (granular layer)? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-thin;
three to five cell layers in which cells flatten
-keratohyaline and lamellated granules accumulate
- Moisture content is approximately 9-16% in this layer
-Cells die as no longer receiving nourishment
(3 middle layer of epidermis)
where is the stratum granulosum Found? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔3rd layer of the
epidermis
Describe Leukonychia - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Also known as white spots, whitish
discoloration of the nails caused by tiny bubbles of air caused by injury.
(Non impact) (Will grow out over time.)
What is the integumentary system? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Consists of the skin,
mucous membranes, hair, and nail
What is pterygium? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hardened growth of the cuticle which
has grown over and stuck to the nail plate.
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, (non impact.) (Treat with regular manicures soften with paraffin or oil. Push
back and can be removed with cuticle nippers.)
What is the lymphatic system? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Lymph and Lymph nodes
protect against disease, transport fats and produce white blood cells.
Where is the stratum spinosum found? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔4th layer of
epidermis (prickly layer)
What forms Organs - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Groups of tissues
What is Stratum corneum (horny layer)? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-20 to 30 cell
layers of dead, flat keratinized, membranous sacs,
-accounts for up to 3/4s of epidermal thickness.
-Cells held together by inter cellular cement
Dead skin cells constantly shedding (Desquamation)
-Functions: Protects from abrasion and penetration, Waterproofs, Barrier
against biological, chemical, and physical assaults
Top layer of epidermis