Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2
Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2 Questions and
Answers
Question 1
Review: the parasympathetic system is all about what?
Correct Answer
Conserving energy, digesting, metabolism, and rest
Question 2
The sympathetic nervous system primarily serves to protect an individual by doing
which of the following? (select all that apply) A. Decreasing mucous production B.
Increasing blood sugar levels C. Increasing body temperature D. Decreasing sweat
excretion E. Increasing blood pressure
Correct Answer
Increases blood sugar levels, increases body temperature, and increases blood
pressure. In general, sympathetic stimulation promotes responses that are
concerned with the protection of the individual, which include increasing glucose,
body temp, and BP.
Question 3
Review: the sympathetic system is all about what?
Correct Answer
It's all about mobilizing energy stores, for instance glucose to muscles, decreased
release of insulin, redirects blood supply from the gut to the muscles, heart, and
lungs.
Page 1 of 39
, Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2
Question 4
Which characteristic is the most critical index of nervous system dysfunction?
Correct Answer
Level of consciousness. LOC is the most critical clinical index of nervous system
function or dysfunction. An alteration in consciousness indicates either
improvement or deterioration of a person's condition.
Question 5
Thought and goal-oriented behaviors are functions of which area of the brain?
Correct Answer
Prefrontal lobe. The prefrontal area is responsible for goal-oriented behavior such
as the ability to concentrate, short-term or recall memory, and the elaboration of
thought and inhibition on the limbic (emotional) areas of the CNS.
Question 6
Where is the region responsible for the motor aspects?Broca area in the frontal lobe.
Correct Answer
Broca speech area is the only region responsible for the motor aspects of speech.
Question 7
Parkinson and Huntington diseases are associated with defects in which area of the
brain?
Correct Answer
Basal ganglia
Question 8
Maintenance of a constant internal environment and the implementation of
behavioral patterns are main functions of which area of the brain?
Correct Answer
Hypothalamus. Hypothalamic function falls into 2 major areas: 1) maintenance of a
constant internal environment, and 2) implementation of behavioral patterns.
Page 2 of 39
, Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2
Question 9
What parts of the brain mediate the expression of affect, both emotional and
behavioral states?
Correct Answer
Limbic system and prefrontal cortex
Question 10
Reflex activities concerned with heart rate, blood pressure, respirations, sneezing,
swallowing, and coughing are controlled by which area of the brain?
Correct Answer
Medulla oblongata. The medulla oblongata makes up the myelencephalon and is
the lowest portion of the brainstem.
Question 11
Which area of the brain assumes the responsibility for conscious and unconscious
muscle synergy and for maintaining balance and posture?
Correct Answer
Cerebellum
Question 12
The brain receives approximately what percentage of the cardiac output?
Correct Answer
20% or 800 to 1000 ml of blood flow per minute
Page 3 of 39
, Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2
Question 13
What evidence does the nurse expect to see when a patient experiences trauma to
the hypothalamus? (select all that apply) A. Uneven expression of mood B. Unstable
blood glucose levels C. Poor regulation of body temperature D. Visual disturbances
such as blurred vision E. N/V and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease
Correct Answer
Uneven expression of mood, unstable blood glucose levels, and poor temp
regulation. The hypothalamus forms the base of the diencephalon. Hypothalamic
function controls autonomic nervous system function, regulation of body temp,
endocrine function (glucose levels), and regulation of emotional expression.
Question 14
What is the first defense of our bodies?
Correct Answer
Skin and mucous membranes
Question 15
Which action is the purpose of the inflammatory process?
Correct Answer
To prevent infection of the injured tissue. If the epithelial barrier is damaged, then a
highly efficient local and system response (inflammation) is mobilized to limit the
extent of damage, to protect against infection, and to initiate the repair of damaged
tissue.
Question 16
What are the 4 cardinal signs of infection?
Correct Answer
Edema (tumor), warmth (calor), redness (rubor), and pain (dolar). There is a 5th sign
known as loss of function (functio laesa) but Dr. Wunderlich did not mention this.
Page 4 of 39
Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2 Questions and
Answers
Question 1
Review: the parasympathetic system is all about what?
Correct Answer
Conserving energy, digesting, metabolism, and rest
Question 2
The sympathetic nervous system primarily serves to protect an individual by doing
which of the following? (select all that apply) A. Decreasing mucous production B.
Increasing blood sugar levels C. Increasing body temperature D. Decreasing sweat
excretion E. Increasing blood pressure
Correct Answer
Increases blood sugar levels, increases body temperature, and increases blood
pressure. In general, sympathetic stimulation promotes responses that are
concerned with the protection of the individual, which include increasing glucose,
body temp, and BP.
Question 3
Review: the sympathetic system is all about what?
Correct Answer
It's all about mobilizing energy stores, for instance glucose to muscles, decreased
release of insulin, redirects blood supply from the gut to the muscles, heart, and
lungs.
Page 1 of 39
, Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2
Question 4
Which characteristic is the most critical index of nervous system dysfunction?
Correct Answer
Level of consciousness. LOC is the most critical clinical index of nervous system
function or dysfunction. An alteration in consciousness indicates either
improvement or deterioration of a person's condition.
Question 5
Thought and goal-oriented behaviors are functions of which area of the brain?
Correct Answer
Prefrontal lobe. The prefrontal area is responsible for goal-oriented behavior such
as the ability to concentrate, short-term or recall memory, and the elaboration of
thought and inhibition on the limbic (emotional) areas of the CNS.
Question 6
Where is the region responsible for the motor aspects?Broca area in the frontal lobe.
Correct Answer
Broca speech area is the only region responsible for the motor aspects of speech.
Question 7
Parkinson and Huntington diseases are associated with defects in which area of the
brain?
Correct Answer
Basal ganglia
Question 8
Maintenance of a constant internal environment and the implementation of
behavioral patterns are main functions of which area of the brain?
Correct Answer
Hypothalamus. Hypothalamic function falls into 2 major areas: 1) maintenance of a
constant internal environment, and 2) implementation of behavioral patterns.
Page 2 of 39
, Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2
Question 9
What parts of the brain mediate the expression of affect, both emotional and
behavioral states?
Correct Answer
Limbic system and prefrontal cortex
Question 10
Reflex activities concerned with heart rate, blood pressure, respirations, sneezing,
swallowing, and coughing are controlled by which area of the brain?
Correct Answer
Medulla oblongata. The medulla oblongata makes up the myelencephalon and is
the lowest portion of the brainstem.
Question 11
Which area of the brain assumes the responsibility for conscious and unconscious
muscle synergy and for maintaining balance and posture?
Correct Answer
Cerebellum
Question 12
The brain receives approximately what percentage of the cardiac output?
Correct Answer
20% or 800 to 1000 ml of blood flow per minute
Page 3 of 39
, Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2
Question 13
What evidence does the nurse expect to see when a patient experiences trauma to
the hypothalamus? (select all that apply) A. Uneven expression of mood B. Unstable
blood glucose levels C. Poor regulation of body temperature D. Visual disturbances
such as blurred vision E. N/V and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease
Correct Answer
Uneven expression of mood, unstable blood glucose levels, and poor temp
regulation. The hypothalamus forms the base of the diencephalon. Hypothalamic
function controls autonomic nervous system function, regulation of body temp,
endocrine function (glucose levels), and regulation of emotional expression.
Question 14
What is the first defense of our bodies?
Correct Answer
Skin and mucous membranes
Question 15
Which action is the purpose of the inflammatory process?
Correct Answer
To prevent infection of the injured tissue. If the epithelial barrier is damaged, then a
highly efficient local and system response (inflammation) is mobilized to limit the
extent of damage, to protect against infection, and to initiate the repair of damaged
tissue.
Question 16
What are the 4 cardinal signs of infection?
Correct Answer
Edema (tumor), warmth (calor), redness (rubor), and pain (dolar). There is a 5th sign
known as loss of function (functio laesa) but Dr. Wunderlich did not mention this.
Page 4 of 39
