RESEARCH METHODS EXAM questions well answered
already passed
1. What is an
An experiment is a research technique in which an IV is
experi- ment?
manipulated / and the ettects of this on a DV are observed and
measured. / Other (extraneous)
variables are held constant. / A true experiment is one in which the IV is
directly under the experimenter's control (as in laboratory or field
experiments). / In natural and quasi-experiments the IV varies on its
2. Identify one own and some would argue that, because of this, they are not really
differ- ence experiments. (5 marks)
between an
The main ditterence between an experiment and a correlation is that
experiment and
experi- ments enable us to talk about 'cause and ettect' / whereas
a correlation
correlations simply describe patterns of linear relationship between
pairs of data / and do not allow us to make cause and ettect
statements. / In addition, an experiment is a research method / but
correlation is a technique of data analysis applied to data gathered
3. What is an
by some other means. (5 marks)
inde- pendent
variable (IV)? An IV is the influencing factor / which a researcher manipulates in an
experiment
/ in order to observe its ettect on a DV / for example, in a study of the
4. What is a
ettect of alcohol on driving ability, the IV would be the amount of
depen- dent
alcohol given to the drivers. (4 marks)
variable (DV)?
A DV is the factor in an experiment which is influenced by changes in
the IV / and which is observed and measured by the researcher. / In
5. What is a con-
the example given in 3, the DV would be driving ability. (3 marks)
founding
variable? A confounding variable is an influence in an experiment that is not
the IV yet causes changes in the DV. / For example, researchers may find
age attects IQ in that older people do less well than younger people. /
However, this could be due to the confounding variable of how the test
,RESEARCH METHODS EXAM questions well answered
already passed
is approached. Older people less concerned about 'beating the clock' than are younger people,
may be more careful and consequently, their scores are lower. (3 marks)
6. What is an extrane- Extraneous variables are all other variables apart from the IV and DV
that need
ous variable? to be controlled in an experiment / e.g. the testing environment, time of day,
instructions to participants. / If extraneous variables are not taken
care of they
, RESEARCH METHODS EXAM questions well answered
already passed
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_19uuof
could obscure the ettect of the IV / or, if systematic, turn into a confounding
variable. (4 marks)
7. What is a
control group?
12.
8. Distinguish be-
tween indepen-
dent groups,
matched pairs
and repeated
mea- sures
designs
9. What are
practice
effects?
10. What are order
ef- fects?
11. What is
counter-
balancing?
already passed
1. What is an
An experiment is a research technique in which an IV is
experi- ment?
manipulated / and the ettects of this on a DV are observed and
measured. / Other (extraneous)
variables are held constant. / A true experiment is one in which the IV is
directly under the experimenter's control (as in laboratory or field
experiments). / In natural and quasi-experiments the IV varies on its
2. Identify one own and some would argue that, because of this, they are not really
differ- ence experiments. (5 marks)
between an
The main ditterence between an experiment and a correlation is that
experiment and
experi- ments enable us to talk about 'cause and ettect' / whereas
a correlation
correlations simply describe patterns of linear relationship between
pairs of data / and do not allow us to make cause and ettect
statements. / In addition, an experiment is a research method / but
correlation is a technique of data analysis applied to data gathered
3. What is an
by some other means. (5 marks)
inde- pendent
variable (IV)? An IV is the influencing factor / which a researcher manipulates in an
experiment
/ in order to observe its ettect on a DV / for example, in a study of the
4. What is a
ettect of alcohol on driving ability, the IV would be the amount of
depen- dent
alcohol given to the drivers. (4 marks)
variable (DV)?
A DV is the factor in an experiment which is influenced by changes in
the IV / and which is observed and measured by the researcher. / In
5. What is a con-
the example given in 3, the DV would be driving ability. (3 marks)
founding
variable? A confounding variable is an influence in an experiment that is not
the IV yet causes changes in the DV. / For example, researchers may find
age attects IQ in that older people do less well than younger people. /
However, this could be due to the confounding variable of how the test
,RESEARCH METHODS EXAM questions well answered
already passed
is approached. Older people less concerned about 'beating the clock' than are younger people,
may be more careful and consequently, their scores are lower. (3 marks)
6. What is an extrane- Extraneous variables are all other variables apart from the IV and DV
that need
ous variable? to be controlled in an experiment / e.g. the testing environment, time of day,
instructions to participants. / If extraneous variables are not taken
care of they
, RESEARCH METHODS EXAM questions well answered
already passed
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_19uuof
could obscure the ettect of the IV / or, if systematic, turn into a confounding
variable. (4 marks)
7. What is a
control group?
12.
8. Distinguish be-
tween indepen-
dent groups,
matched pairs
and repeated
mea- sures
designs
9. What are
practice
effects?
10. What are order
ef- fects?
11. What is
counter-
balancing?
