ATI THE NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEM (PART 1) QUESTIONS NEWEST VERSION| EXAM QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS |100% CORRECT!!

1.A HCP is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking pramipexole (mirapex) to treat Parkinson's disease. The HCP should recognize that which of the following laboratory tests require monitoring? - ANSWER Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) 2. While talking to a patient and his family about taking memantine (Namenda) for Alzheimer's disease, the HCP should include which of the following instructions? - ANSWER Notify the health care professional before taking over-the-counter antacids. > Antacids that contain sodium bicarbonate increase urine alkalinity and can decrease drug excretion, ultimately leading to toxicity. 3. While talking to a patient about taking modafinil (Provigil) to treat narcolepsy, which of the following instructions should the HCP include? - ANSWER Take the drug in the morning > Modafinil is a non-amphetamine stimulant. Taking it in the morning helps improve wakefulness for patients who have narcolepsy. Patients taking the drug for shift-work sleepiness should take it 1 hr before work. 4. A HCP is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking dantrolene (Dantrium) for skeletal muscle spasms. The HCP should tell the patient to report which of the following adverse effects? - ANSWER Diarrhea > Prolonged diarrhea can cause dehydration and other serious effects. Diarrhea is an adverse effect of dantrolene, as are nausea and vomiting. Patients should report these effects so the health care professional can monitor fluid balance and intervene accordingly. 5. Anesthetists often administer midazolam (Versed) during induction of anesthesia b/c of which of the following pharmacological actions? - ANSWER Causes amnesia > Midazolam, a benzodiazepine, is appropriate during induction because of its anti-anxiety and amnesiac properties. 6. A HCP is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking dantrolene (Dantrium) for skeletal muscle spasms. the health care professional should recognize that which of the following laboratory tests require monitoring? - ANSWER Liver function > Liver toxicity is a serious adverse effect of dantrolene. The health care professional should monitor liver function prior to treatment and at regular intervals, and advise patients to report jaundice or abdominal pain. 7. A HCP is caring or a patient who is receiving thiopental (Pentothal). For which of the following should the HCP monitor? - ANSWER Respiratory depression > Thiopental, a short-acting barbiturate, causes respiratory depression. Mechanical ventilation and continuous monitoring are essential for patients receiving the drug. 8. A HCP should include which of the following instruction when talking with a patient about taking levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) to treat Parkinson's disease? - ANSWER Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension. > Levodopa/carbidopa can cause orthostatic hypotension 9. A patient is taking selegiline (Eldepryl) to treat Parkinson's disease. The provider is considering the use of analgesics for the patient but should be aware that a drug interaction between selegiline and meperidine (Demerol) can result in which of the following? - ANSWER Muscle rigidity > A drug interaction between selegiline and opioids, especially meperidine, can result in a serious reaction resulting in rigidity, stupor, agitation, hypertension, and fever. 10. A HCP is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has a newly diagnosed seizure disorder. The patient is to begin taking both valproic acid (Depakote) and phenytoin (Dilantin). The HCP should recognize that which of the following can occur as a result of a drug interaction between vaproic acid and phenytoin? - ANSWER Phenytoin toxicity > Valproic acid can cause an increase in phenytoin blood levels, causing phenytoin toxicity. The primary care provider should monitor serum phenytoin levels and reduce the dosage if levels begin to exceed the therapeutic range. > CPK is an enzyme found in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscles. Patients taking pramipexole can develop muscle weakness with a lack of energy, creating a situation that can be more problematic for patients than their original muscle dysfunction. Monitoring CPK can alert health care professionals to the possibility of skeletal muscle damage from the drug. 11. For which of the following should a health care professional monitor a patient who is taking donepezil (Aricept) for Alzheimer's disease? - ANSWER Nausea > The most common adverse effects of donepezil, a cholinesterase inhibitor, are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Taking the drug with food can help minimize adverse effects.