CLS 121 Exam 1 Miami University
Simplified Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers
Enlightenment - A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the
reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.
- 3 cycles of man
1. Age of Gods, 2. Age of heroes, 3. Age of Man
Modern Theories of Myth - People: Darwin, Andrew Lang, James Frazer
- anthropological theories
Lingustic theories of Myth - - People: Max Muller
- every myth is a struggle between darkness and light
- so many languages are similar around the world that myths should follow the same patterns
Psychological theories of Myth - - people: Freud, Carl Yung
- a by-product of human psychological forces
- collective unconscious
Structural Theories of Myth - People: Claude Levy-Strauss
- meaning in the story is not conveyed by the content but by the structural relations behind the
content
Mesopotamian Influence - influenced the origins, world-order, and the batlle of the gods
Creation Story - Author: Hesiod
Characters:
,Gaea (mother earth)
Eros (god of sexual desire came from Uranus)
Titans (Oceanus and Tethys
Cronus
Rhea
Struggle for power between Cronus and Uranus
Cronus swallows 5 children, dies from Zeus
Themes of Creation story - gods act like ogres and tricksters
goddess are sexual victims and can be dangerous
the universe comes from successive growth
The Myth of Demeter and Persephone - A myth that explains why winter happens
Summary: Persephone is kidnapped by Hades and because she eats 4 pomegranate seeds she has
to stay their 4 months each year (Demeter is very sad during this time so the crops don't grow).
Hermes goes to get her back from the underworld.
The Myth of Demeter and Persephone Characters - - Demeter: goddess of harvest
-Persephone: daughter, kidnapped by Hades
- Hades: god of underworld
-
Themes of Demeter and Persephone - - marriage = death for women
- pomegranate seeds
- reason for the seasons
Myth of Hippolytus - - Theseus conceives a child with Hippolyta named Hippolytus
, - theseus marries Phadrea who then falls in love with Hippolytus because of Aphrodite
- Hippolytus hates women and worships Artemis
- Phadrea hangs herself and says Hippo raped her
- Theseus curses his son and has Poseidon kill him
- Artemis promises to get Aphrodite back
Themes of Hippolytus - - lust vs continence (Aphro vs Artemis)
- jealousy and revenge
- betreyal
Tragedies - 1. Hamartia: a mistake or character flaw
2. Perpateria: plot twist
3. Anagnorisis: recognition
4. Katharsis: cleansing, the feeling of pity and fear
Ex: Oedipus
Bacchae Summary - - Semele (princess of Thebes) has an affari with Zeus
- Her maid (Hera) tricks her into asking to see Zeus in his full light
- Semele dies and Dionysus is born out of Zeus' thigh
- Dionysus returns and is arrested by Pentheus (the king who hates Dionysus, also his cousin)
- Dionysus gives Pentheus a chance to see the women secretly without bringing his army
- he dresses in a wig and dress to meet Dionysus in the forest
-Pentheus is killed and his mother parades his head around the city
- Cadmus brings her back to reality
rationalism - Use of self-reflection and logical reasoning to explain things through natural
and human causes, rather than poetic and religious authority
Simplified Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers
Enlightenment - A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the
reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.
- 3 cycles of man
1. Age of Gods, 2. Age of heroes, 3. Age of Man
Modern Theories of Myth - People: Darwin, Andrew Lang, James Frazer
- anthropological theories
Lingustic theories of Myth - - People: Max Muller
- every myth is a struggle between darkness and light
- so many languages are similar around the world that myths should follow the same patterns
Psychological theories of Myth - - people: Freud, Carl Yung
- a by-product of human psychological forces
- collective unconscious
Structural Theories of Myth - People: Claude Levy-Strauss
- meaning in the story is not conveyed by the content but by the structural relations behind the
content
Mesopotamian Influence - influenced the origins, world-order, and the batlle of the gods
Creation Story - Author: Hesiod
Characters:
,Gaea (mother earth)
Eros (god of sexual desire came from Uranus)
Titans (Oceanus and Tethys
Cronus
Rhea
Struggle for power between Cronus and Uranus
Cronus swallows 5 children, dies from Zeus
Themes of Creation story - gods act like ogres and tricksters
goddess are sexual victims and can be dangerous
the universe comes from successive growth
The Myth of Demeter and Persephone - A myth that explains why winter happens
Summary: Persephone is kidnapped by Hades and because she eats 4 pomegranate seeds she has
to stay their 4 months each year (Demeter is very sad during this time so the crops don't grow).
Hermes goes to get her back from the underworld.
The Myth of Demeter and Persephone Characters - - Demeter: goddess of harvest
-Persephone: daughter, kidnapped by Hades
- Hades: god of underworld
-
Themes of Demeter and Persephone - - marriage = death for women
- pomegranate seeds
- reason for the seasons
Myth of Hippolytus - - Theseus conceives a child with Hippolyta named Hippolytus
, - theseus marries Phadrea who then falls in love with Hippolytus because of Aphrodite
- Hippolytus hates women and worships Artemis
- Phadrea hangs herself and says Hippo raped her
- Theseus curses his son and has Poseidon kill him
- Artemis promises to get Aphrodite back
Themes of Hippolytus - - lust vs continence (Aphro vs Artemis)
- jealousy and revenge
- betreyal
Tragedies - 1. Hamartia: a mistake or character flaw
2. Perpateria: plot twist
3. Anagnorisis: recognition
4. Katharsis: cleansing, the feeling of pity and fear
Ex: Oedipus
Bacchae Summary - - Semele (princess of Thebes) has an affari with Zeus
- Her maid (Hera) tricks her into asking to see Zeus in his full light
- Semele dies and Dionysus is born out of Zeus' thigh
- Dionysus returns and is arrested by Pentheus (the king who hates Dionysus, also his cousin)
- Dionysus gives Pentheus a chance to see the women secretly without bringing his army
- he dresses in a wig and dress to meet Dionysus in the forest
-Pentheus is killed and his mother parades his head around the city
- Cadmus brings her back to reality
rationalism - Use of self-reflection and logical reasoning to explain things through natural
and human causes, rather than poetic and religious authority
