aThe Language of Medicine Chapter 1
– 15 Exam Questions and Answers
bi/o - Answer- life
cardi/o - Answer- heart
cephal/o - Answer- head
cerebr/o - Answer- cerebrum (largest part of the brain)
cis/o - Answer- to cut
crin/o - Answer- to secrete
derm/o, dermat/o - Answer- skin
electr/o - Answer- electricity
enter/o - Answer- intestines (usually the small intestines)
erythr/o - Answer- red
gastr/o - Answer- stomach
gnos/o - Answer- knowledge
hem/o - Answer- blood
iatr/o - Answer- treatment, physician
leuk/o - Answer- white
log/o - Answer- study of
onc/o - Answer- tumor
ophthalm/o - Answer- eye
ped/o - Answer- child
psych/o - Answer- mind
,ren/o - Answer- kidney
sect/o - Answer- to cut
thromb/o - Answer- clot, clotting
ur/o - Answer- urinary tract, urine
-opsy - Answer- process of viewing (suffix)
-sis - Answer- state of, condiiton
a- - Answer- no, not, without
an- - Answer- no, not, without
aut- - Answer- self, own
dia- - Answer- through, complete
end- - Answer- within
epi- - Answer- above, upon
ex- / exo- - Answer- out, outside of, outward
hyper- - Answer- excessive, above, more than normal
hypo- - Answer- deficient, below, under, less than normal
in- - Answer- in, into
peri- - Answer- surrounding, around
pro- - Answer- before, forward
re- - Answer- back, backward, again
sub- - Answer- below, under
trans- - Answer- across; through
anabolism - Answer- Process of building up complex materials (protiens) from
simple materials. Anabolism produces protiens such as hormones and enzymes that
,are important to growth of cells. Anabolism occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum of a
cell
Catabolism - Answer- Process of breaking down complex materials (foods) to
form simpler substances and release energy
cell membrane - Answer- thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters
and leaves the cell
chromosomes - Answer- rod like structures that have genetic info that is passed
down from one generation to the next
Cytoplasm - Answer- all the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained
within the cell membrane
DNA - Answer- Chemical found within each chromosome. Arranged in numerical
order to determine their nimber and structure.
Endoplasmic Retuculum - Answer- Structure (canals) within the cytoplasm. Site in
which large protiens are made from smaller protien pieces. Anabolism takes place
on the ribosomes of the endoplasmic retuculum.
genes - Answer- Regions of DNA within each chromosome.
karyotype - Answer- picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. The
Chromosomes are arranged in numerical order to determine thier number and
stucture.
metabolism - Answer- The total of the chemical processes in a cell.
Mitochondria - Answer- structures in the cytoplasm in which foods are burned to
release energy.
nucleus - Answer- control center of the cell
adipose tissue - Answer- collection of fat cells
cartilage - Answer- flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints.
epithelial cells - Answer- skin cells that cover the external body surface and line
the internal surfaces of the organs.
histologist - Answer- specialist in the study of tissues
pituitary gland - Answer- endocrine gland at the base of the brain
, thyroid gland - Answer- endocrine gland that surround the trachea in the neck
urethra - Answer- tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
uterus - Answer- reproductive organ in which the fertilized oocyte is implanted and
in which the child develops
viscera - Answer- internal organs
abdominal cavity - Answer- space below the chest containing organs such as the
liver, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines; also called the abdomen
cranial cavity - Answer- space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by
the skull
Dorsal - Answer- pertaining to the back
posterior - Answer- pertaining to the back
Mediastinum - Answer- Centrally located space between the lungs
pelvic cavity - Answer- space containing the urinary bladder, certain reproductive
organs, parts of the large intestine, and the rectum
spinal cavity - Answer- Space within the spinal column (backbones) and
containing the spinal cord. Also called the spinal canal.
thoracic cavity - Answer- Space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial
tubes, trachea, esophagus, and other organs
ventral - Answer- pertaining to the front
anterior - Answer- pertaining to the front
hypochondriac - Answer- Right and left upper regions beneath the ribs.
epigastric - Answer- upper middle region above the stomach
lumbar - Answer- Right and left Middle regions near the waist region (L1-L5)
umilical - Answer- central region near the navel
inguinal - Answer- Lower right and left regions near the groin
– 15 Exam Questions and Answers
bi/o - Answer- life
cardi/o - Answer- heart
cephal/o - Answer- head
cerebr/o - Answer- cerebrum (largest part of the brain)
cis/o - Answer- to cut
crin/o - Answer- to secrete
derm/o, dermat/o - Answer- skin
electr/o - Answer- electricity
enter/o - Answer- intestines (usually the small intestines)
erythr/o - Answer- red
gastr/o - Answer- stomach
gnos/o - Answer- knowledge
hem/o - Answer- blood
iatr/o - Answer- treatment, physician
leuk/o - Answer- white
log/o - Answer- study of
onc/o - Answer- tumor
ophthalm/o - Answer- eye
ped/o - Answer- child
psych/o - Answer- mind
,ren/o - Answer- kidney
sect/o - Answer- to cut
thromb/o - Answer- clot, clotting
ur/o - Answer- urinary tract, urine
-opsy - Answer- process of viewing (suffix)
-sis - Answer- state of, condiiton
a- - Answer- no, not, without
an- - Answer- no, not, without
aut- - Answer- self, own
dia- - Answer- through, complete
end- - Answer- within
epi- - Answer- above, upon
ex- / exo- - Answer- out, outside of, outward
hyper- - Answer- excessive, above, more than normal
hypo- - Answer- deficient, below, under, less than normal
in- - Answer- in, into
peri- - Answer- surrounding, around
pro- - Answer- before, forward
re- - Answer- back, backward, again
sub- - Answer- below, under
trans- - Answer- across; through
anabolism - Answer- Process of building up complex materials (protiens) from
simple materials. Anabolism produces protiens such as hormones and enzymes that
,are important to growth of cells. Anabolism occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum of a
cell
Catabolism - Answer- Process of breaking down complex materials (foods) to
form simpler substances and release energy
cell membrane - Answer- thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters
and leaves the cell
chromosomes - Answer- rod like structures that have genetic info that is passed
down from one generation to the next
Cytoplasm - Answer- all the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained
within the cell membrane
DNA - Answer- Chemical found within each chromosome. Arranged in numerical
order to determine their nimber and structure.
Endoplasmic Retuculum - Answer- Structure (canals) within the cytoplasm. Site in
which large protiens are made from smaller protien pieces. Anabolism takes place
on the ribosomes of the endoplasmic retuculum.
genes - Answer- Regions of DNA within each chromosome.
karyotype - Answer- picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. The
Chromosomes are arranged in numerical order to determine thier number and
stucture.
metabolism - Answer- The total of the chemical processes in a cell.
Mitochondria - Answer- structures in the cytoplasm in which foods are burned to
release energy.
nucleus - Answer- control center of the cell
adipose tissue - Answer- collection of fat cells
cartilage - Answer- flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints.
epithelial cells - Answer- skin cells that cover the external body surface and line
the internal surfaces of the organs.
histologist - Answer- specialist in the study of tissues
pituitary gland - Answer- endocrine gland at the base of the brain
, thyroid gland - Answer- endocrine gland that surround the trachea in the neck
urethra - Answer- tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
uterus - Answer- reproductive organ in which the fertilized oocyte is implanted and
in which the child develops
viscera - Answer- internal organs
abdominal cavity - Answer- space below the chest containing organs such as the
liver, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines; also called the abdomen
cranial cavity - Answer- space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by
the skull
Dorsal - Answer- pertaining to the back
posterior - Answer- pertaining to the back
Mediastinum - Answer- Centrally located space between the lungs
pelvic cavity - Answer- space containing the urinary bladder, certain reproductive
organs, parts of the large intestine, and the rectum
spinal cavity - Answer- Space within the spinal column (backbones) and
containing the spinal cord. Also called the spinal canal.
thoracic cavity - Answer- Space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial
tubes, trachea, esophagus, and other organs
ventral - Answer- pertaining to the front
anterior - Answer- pertaining to the front
hypochondriac - Answer- Right and left upper regions beneath the ribs.
epigastric - Answer- upper middle region above the stomach
lumbar - Answer- Right and left Middle regions near the waist region (L1-L5)
umilical - Answer- central region near the navel
inguinal - Answer- Lower right and left regions near the groin
