FINAL MEXICAN HISTORY 53 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Mexican Independence Movement - Correct Answers -On September 16, 1810, Miguel
Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest, launched the Mexican War of Independence with
the issuing of his Grito de Dolores, or "Cry of Delores." The revolutionary tract called for
the end of Spanish rule in Mexico, redistribution of land, and racial equality.
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla - Correct Answers -Mexican priest who led the first stage of
the Mexican independence war in 1810. He was captured and executed in 1811.
Jose Maria Morelos - Correct Answers -Mexican priest and former student of Miguel
Hidalgo y Costilla, he led the forces fighting for Mexican independence until he was
captured and executed in 1814. (See also Hidalgo y Costilla, Miguel.) (p. 626)
Dona Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez - Correct Answers -Mexican patriot as well as a
heroine of Mexico's Independence War, made her name in history for her bravery when
she risked her own life alerting the rebel insurgents about the discovery of the
Queretaro Conspiracy for Independence.
Thanks to her, Father Miguel Hidalgo moved forward the date in which the
Independence movement would start to the early hours of September 16th, 1810.
Without her timely notice, the struggle for independence would have been discovered
and the efforts of the conspirators would never have achieved their ultimate purpose:
Mexico's Independence from the Spanish Crown.
Ignacio Allende - Correct Answers -a mexican captain in the spanish army who
sympathized with the independence movement and covertly joined the queretaro
independence. he eventually assumed control of the rebellion in its early stages, but
was captured and executed for treason
Plan de Iguala - Correct Answers -This called for a constitutional monarchy, maintaining
the rights and lands for the Catholic Church, and equality between the criollos and
peninsulars.
, Agustin de Iturbide - Correct Answers -Mexican (creole) army officer who joined forces
w/ the Indians and Mestizos won mexican's independence then claimed himself
emperor
Antiono Lopez de Santa Anna - Correct Answers -a military captain and was elected
president in 1833, known for his efforts in staving off Spain's attempt to recapture the
countrytried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary
Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876)
Guadalupe Victoria - Correct Answers -Mexican revolutionary who fought against Spain
the war of independence and served as the first president of Mexico
Constitution of 1824 - Correct Answers -established that Mexico would be a federal
republic, and no longer a monarchy. A republic is a representative system of
government, in which authority rests in the hands of the people, who elect
representatives to act on their political behalf.
The concept of a federal republic meant that the central government would have power
to make laws, but that implementation and enforcement would occur at the state level.
From this restriction of federal power and elevation of state power, we see that Mexico
still valued its regional identities very greatly, and that they were a little wary of federal
power after years of strong central governments (empires and monarchs).
The Constitution of 1824 goes on to explain that the government will be divided into
three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The legislative branch made laws,
the judicial branch interpreted them, and the executive branch implemented them. The
executive leader of this new republic was to be the president, who could only serve for
one term before taking off at least four years before running again. This was the first
time that Mexico had ever had a president. The first person to hold that office was an
independence hero named Guadalupe Victoria.
The Constitution of 1824 takes great efforts to explain that Mexico will have a state
religion. Neither the separation of church and state nor the freedom of religion, like the
U.S. is used to, are part of this document.
Roman Catholicism was designated as the only religion of Mexico, financially and
politically supported by the government. The constitution also stated that the
government would ''prohibit the exercise of any other'' religion. That's something very
unique to this constitution, and Mexico's ideas of government at this time. Freedom of
religion was introduced later in the 19th century.
Anglo Americans in Texas - Correct Answers -colonization in Mexican Texas took place
between 1821 and 1835. Spain had first opened Texas to Anglo-Americans in 1820,
less than one year before Mexico achieved its independence
Texas Rebellion (1836) - Correct Answers -Slavery was against Mexican law, but
Americans brought slaves to Texas. Many American settlers and Tejanos, or Mexicans
who lived in Texas, wanted to break away from Mexico. They did not like laws made by
Santa Anna, Mexico's president. The Tejanos and Texans decided to fight for
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Mexican Independence Movement - Correct Answers -On September 16, 1810, Miguel
Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest, launched the Mexican War of Independence with
the issuing of his Grito de Dolores, or "Cry of Delores." The revolutionary tract called for
the end of Spanish rule in Mexico, redistribution of land, and racial equality.
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla - Correct Answers -Mexican priest who led the first stage of
the Mexican independence war in 1810. He was captured and executed in 1811.
Jose Maria Morelos - Correct Answers -Mexican priest and former student of Miguel
Hidalgo y Costilla, he led the forces fighting for Mexican independence until he was
captured and executed in 1814. (See also Hidalgo y Costilla, Miguel.) (p. 626)
Dona Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez - Correct Answers -Mexican patriot as well as a
heroine of Mexico's Independence War, made her name in history for her bravery when
she risked her own life alerting the rebel insurgents about the discovery of the
Queretaro Conspiracy for Independence.
Thanks to her, Father Miguel Hidalgo moved forward the date in which the
Independence movement would start to the early hours of September 16th, 1810.
Without her timely notice, the struggle for independence would have been discovered
and the efforts of the conspirators would never have achieved their ultimate purpose:
Mexico's Independence from the Spanish Crown.
Ignacio Allende - Correct Answers -a mexican captain in the spanish army who
sympathized with the independence movement and covertly joined the queretaro
independence. he eventually assumed control of the rebellion in its early stages, but
was captured and executed for treason
Plan de Iguala - Correct Answers -This called for a constitutional monarchy, maintaining
the rights and lands for the Catholic Church, and equality between the criollos and
peninsulars.
, Agustin de Iturbide - Correct Answers -Mexican (creole) army officer who joined forces
w/ the Indians and Mestizos won mexican's independence then claimed himself
emperor
Antiono Lopez de Santa Anna - Correct Answers -a military captain and was elected
president in 1833, known for his efforts in staving off Spain's attempt to recapture the
countrytried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary
Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876)
Guadalupe Victoria - Correct Answers -Mexican revolutionary who fought against Spain
the war of independence and served as the first president of Mexico
Constitution of 1824 - Correct Answers -established that Mexico would be a federal
republic, and no longer a monarchy. A republic is a representative system of
government, in which authority rests in the hands of the people, who elect
representatives to act on their political behalf.
The concept of a federal republic meant that the central government would have power
to make laws, but that implementation and enforcement would occur at the state level.
From this restriction of federal power and elevation of state power, we see that Mexico
still valued its regional identities very greatly, and that they were a little wary of federal
power after years of strong central governments (empires and monarchs).
The Constitution of 1824 goes on to explain that the government will be divided into
three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The legislative branch made laws,
the judicial branch interpreted them, and the executive branch implemented them. The
executive leader of this new republic was to be the president, who could only serve for
one term before taking off at least four years before running again. This was the first
time that Mexico had ever had a president. The first person to hold that office was an
independence hero named Guadalupe Victoria.
The Constitution of 1824 takes great efforts to explain that Mexico will have a state
religion. Neither the separation of church and state nor the freedom of religion, like the
U.S. is used to, are part of this document.
Roman Catholicism was designated as the only religion of Mexico, financially and
politically supported by the government. The constitution also stated that the
government would ''prohibit the exercise of any other'' religion. That's something very
unique to this constitution, and Mexico's ideas of government at this time. Freedom of
religion was introduced later in the 19th century.
Anglo Americans in Texas - Correct Answers -colonization in Mexican Texas took place
between 1821 and 1835. Spain had first opened Texas to Anglo-Americans in 1820,
less than one year before Mexico achieved its independence
Texas Rebellion (1836) - Correct Answers -Slavery was against Mexican law, but
Americans brought slaves to Texas. Many American settlers and Tejanos, or Mexicans
who lived in Texas, wanted to break away from Mexico. They did not like laws made by
Santa Anna, Mexico's president. The Tejanos and Texans decided to fight for
