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Samenvatting MOBI deel eiwitten

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samenvatting van deel eiwitten

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H8: eiwitsynthese en
eiwitadressering
Genetische code gekraakt
 Oriëntatie
o 5’ van RNA of DNA -> N terminus van eiwit
o 3’ van RNA of DNA -> C terminus van eiwit
 RNA-moleculen
o Untranslated repeats (UTS)
 Worden niet vertaald
 64 aminozuren theoretisch maar in werkelijkheid 20
 Het leesraam
o Tussen start- en stopcodon
 1 startC -> AUG -> met
 3 stopC
o Mutaties
 Insertie of deletie
o ORF
 Voorspeling maar bij eukaryoten niet handig
 Door intronen en extronen
 Experiment
o In vitro translatie van synthetische mRNA
o Strengen met zelfde basen
 Zo zien welke aminozuren gevormd worden
o Ook complexen maar altijd herhaling
 ACA-ACA-ACA-ACA
 tRNA
o Brengen aminozuren naar ribosomen
o Ribosomen grote eiwitten
o Experiment mengsel met synthetische mRNA en alle soorten tRNA
 Door filter laten gaan
 Complex tRNA en mRNA gaat niet door filter
 Aminozuren met meerde codons
o Degeneratie -> zo heet dat proces
o Synonieme codons -> zelfde aminozuur

Ribosomen
o Uit tandem herhalingen
 Mens heeft er miljoenen per cel
o Soorten
 Vrij
 Gebonden aan RER
o Delen
 70s  complex kleine en grote
 30s -> kleine subeenheid
 50s -> grote subeenheid

,  Polysoom
o mRNA dat bezig is met translatie
o Bevat allemaal ribosomen
 Vertaal allemaal tegelijkertijd
o mRNA 5 uiteinde
 Bij weinig aminozuren
 Ribosomen bewegen
 Niet mRNA

Eiwitsynthese
 tRNA en aminoacetyl-tRNA synthetasen
o Aan 3’ van tRNA -> langere kant
 Aminozuur gekoppeld

o 3 lussen
 Anti-codon lus
 Codons binden
 D-lus
 Aminoacetyl-tRNA synthetasen
 T sigmaCG loop
 Ribosoom
o Bevatten veel gemodificeerde basen
o Aminoacetyl-tRNA synthetasen
 Koppeling van tRNA met juiste
aminozuur

 Numeriek probleem
o 20 aminozuren en 64 codons -> probleem
o Oplossing = identiteitselement
 1 aminozuur -> verschillend tRNA
 1 aminozuur -> 1 AA-tRNA synthase
o Oplossing
 Codon-anticodon herkenning
 tRNA herkent meerdere codons
o Wobble positie
 1 op anti-codon
 3 op codon
o Variatie anticodon/codon
o U/G
o I/C of I/A of I/U -> I = inosine
o G/U
 Aminozuuractivering
 Aminozuur activeren
o ATP nodig
 Transaltieproces
o Interactie met ribosoom

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Uploaded on
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Number of pages
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Written in
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