BIO 230 EXAM QUESTIONS & DETAILED ANSWERS
GRADED A+ (LATEST VERSION)
What is a telomere? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>a nucleic acid made of repeating nucleotides
TTAGGG
- it is part of the 98.5 non-coding DNA in the human genome
- it is the shoelace tips of eukaryotic chromosomes
what is the significance of a telomere? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>-each time a chromosome is
copied telomeres get shorter and shorter
- the number of times a cell can divide before dying is related to the length of its telomere
Telomerase - CORRECT ANSWER >>>a protein that re-builds telomeres in some cells by adding
more TTAGGG repeats to the ends of a chromosome
What kind of cells have telomerase? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Eukaryotic germ cells (egg and
sperm)
Embryonic stem cells
~90% cancer cells
HeLa cells
who discovered telomeres and telomerase? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Elizabeth Blackburn Carol
Greider
Jack Szostak
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,Things that make HeLa cells different - CORRECT ANSWER >>>- have active telomerase
-have many more chromosomes (~80)
-have DNA mutations that are insertions of human papilloma virus HPV gene
What percentage of cancer-causing mutations
do you think are
inherited from one's parents? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>10%
A young man develops skin cancer that does not spread to any other tissues; the mutation
responsible for the cancer arose in a single cell. If he and his wife (who does not have skin
cancer) have children after the skin cancer diagnosis, which of the following is most likely to be
true?
A. All the man's children will inherit the mutation
B. All the man's children will inherit the mutation if the mutation is dominant
C. Some of the man's children may inherit the mutation depending on which of his
chromosomes they inherit
D. None of the man's children will inherit the mutation - CORRECT ANSWER >>>D. None of the
man's children will inherit the mutation
What is central dogma - CORRECT ANSWER >>>it is DNA ---> RNA ---> protein
What is the origin of cancer causing mutations? - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Mutation are inherited and
Mutation are newly acquired
Mutation that are newly acquired.. - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Happens when environmental
factors
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, damage the DNA, causing a new mutation.
Without using any fancy molecular technology, how could you figure out whether cancer
causing mutations are primarily inherited or newly acquired? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Epidemiology
Epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER >>>The scientific study of the causes,
distribution, and control of disease in populations.
INCIDENCE - CORRECT ANSWER >>>= (New cancers / Population) × 100,000
If in 2013, there were 21,600 new cases of stomach cancer in the US.
-population in us 316,149,000 what would the incidence of stomach
cancer be? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>(21,600/316,149,000) x 100,000
=6.8 new cases per 100,000 per year
what is the function of the prostate? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>stores and secretes an alkaline
fluid into semen. This fluid helps neutralize the acidic environment of the vagina
If cancer-causing mutations are mostly inherited, do you think the incidence of cancer in
immigrants will be more similar to people in their country of origin (the old country) or their
new country? A. Country of origin
B. New country
C. Somewhere in between
D. No idea... - CORRECT ANSWER >>>A. Country of origin
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GRADED A+ (LATEST VERSION)
What is a telomere? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>a nucleic acid made of repeating nucleotides
TTAGGG
- it is part of the 98.5 non-coding DNA in the human genome
- it is the shoelace tips of eukaryotic chromosomes
what is the significance of a telomere? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>-each time a chromosome is
copied telomeres get shorter and shorter
- the number of times a cell can divide before dying is related to the length of its telomere
Telomerase - CORRECT ANSWER >>>a protein that re-builds telomeres in some cells by adding
more TTAGGG repeats to the ends of a chromosome
What kind of cells have telomerase? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Eukaryotic germ cells (egg and
sperm)
Embryonic stem cells
~90% cancer cells
HeLa cells
who discovered telomeres and telomerase? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Elizabeth Blackburn Carol
Greider
Jack Szostak
1|Page
,Things that make HeLa cells different - CORRECT ANSWER >>>- have active telomerase
-have many more chromosomes (~80)
-have DNA mutations that are insertions of human papilloma virus HPV gene
What percentage of cancer-causing mutations
do you think are
inherited from one's parents? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>10%
A young man develops skin cancer that does not spread to any other tissues; the mutation
responsible for the cancer arose in a single cell. If he and his wife (who does not have skin
cancer) have children after the skin cancer diagnosis, which of the following is most likely to be
true?
A. All the man's children will inherit the mutation
B. All the man's children will inherit the mutation if the mutation is dominant
C. Some of the man's children may inherit the mutation depending on which of his
chromosomes they inherit
D. None of the man's children will inherit the mutation - CORRECT ANSWER >>>D. None of the
man's children will inherit the mutation
What is central dogma - CORRECT ANSWER >>>it is DNA ---> RNA ---> protein
What is the origin of cancer causing mutations? - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>Mutation are inherited and
Mutation are newly acquired
Mutation that are newly acquired.. - CORRECT ANSWER >>>Happens when environmental
factors
2|Page
, damage the DNA, causing a new mutation.
Without using any fancy molecular technology, how could you figure out whether cancer
causing mutations are primarily inherited or newly acquired? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Epidemiology
Epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER >>>The scientific study of the causes,
distribution, and control of disease in populations.
INCIDENCE - CORRECT ANSWER >>>= (New cancers / Population) × 100,000
If in 2013, there were 21,600 new cases of stomach cancer in the US.
-population in us 316,149,000 what would the incidence of stomach
cancer be? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>(21,600/316,149,000) x 100,000
=6.8 new cases per 100,000 per year
what is the function of the prostate? - CORRECT ANSWER >>>stores and secretes an alkaline
fluid into semen. This fluid helps neutralize the acidic environment of the vagina
If cancer-causing mutations are mostly inherited, do you think the incidence of cancer in
immigrants will be more similar to people in their country of origin (the old country) or their
new country? A. Country of origin
B. New country
C. Somewhere in between
D. No idea... - CORRECT ANSWER >>>A. Country of origin
3|Page
